Annual Progress Report on Malting Barley Research March, 2007

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Wu, H.-L., Steffenson, B.J., and Zhong, S. 2003. Genetic variation for virulence and RFLP markers in Pyrenophora teres. Can. J. Plant. Pathol. 25:82-90. Other Barley Research and Future Direction of Program Additional barley research in our lab is looking at both the host and pathogen sides of the barley net blotch system. This is being done by developing and evaluating both pathogen and host populations segregating for virulence and resistance respectively. Currently we are mapping and identifying closely linked markers to resistance genes in the Rika X Kombar doubled haploid population. On the pathogen side we are using P. teres mapping populations that segregate for virulence/avirulence on several of the barley differential lines in order to identify and genetically characterize pathogen virulence. Project Personnel Tim Friesen – Research Scientist Philip Meyer – Technician Danielle Holmes – Technician Adam Little – Undergraduate research assistant Recent Publications Lai Z., Faris J.D., Weiland, J.J., Steffenson, B.J., and Friesen, T.L. 2007 Genetic mapping of Pyrenophora teres f. teres genes conferring avirulence on barley. Fungal Genet. Biol. In press (doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2006.11.009) Friesen, T. L., Faris, J. D., Lai, Z., and Steffenson, B.J. 2006 Identification and chromosomal location of major genes for resistance to Pyrenophora teres f. teres and P. teres f. maculata in a barley doubled haploid population. Genome 49:855- 859. 96
Germplasm Enhancement for RWA Resistance D.W. Mornhinweg, D.R. Porter, and G.J. Puterka USDA-ARS Plant Science and Water Conservation Research Laboratory Stillwater, Oklahoma Executive Summary Whenever insect pests impact grain yield of barley they affect malting quality. The major cause of yield loss with RWA feeding is through head trapping which results in reduced fertility and a severe decrease in plumpness of surviving seed. Not only is less grain available for malt, but the quality of that grain is greatly decreased. When RWAs feed on susceptible plants, the new leaves do not unroll and aphids build up in high numbers inside the unrolled leaves where they are protected from contact insecticides as well as natural parasites and predators, and wind and rain. In years of severe or early infestation, chemical control can only be accomplished with repeated applications of systemic insecticides. These chemicals are not only expensive for barley producers but could quite possibly end up in malt produced from treated fields. The solution to these problems is resistant varieties. 109 unadapted germplasm lines have been developed in previous years as a part of this project after screening the entire NSGC. Two lines have been officially released to breeders while the others were available upon request. Inheritance studies, also accomplished in previous years by this project, have given barley breeders valuable information on how to best utilize these germplasm lines in their breeding programs. Negative affects on yield and malting quality are often associated with the use of unadapted germplasm in a breeding program, so a prebreeding program was instituted to bring resistant genes into good malting quality backgrounds adapted to all the barley growing areas of the US. Due to the common occurrence in aphid populations of biotype change after which the aphid can overcome resistance, all 109 resistant sources have been utilized in this prebreeding program in hopes of producing germplasm with genetic diversity for resistance which could protect barley from any future aphid biotype change. Such a biotype change occurred in the summer of 2003 when wheat varieties resistant to RWA1 were severely damaged and yields greatly reduced. This new biotype has since been named RWA2. Since that time yet another 3 biotypes (RWA3, RWA4, and RWA5) have been reported and more are suspected. We have tested potential RWA1 resistant barley germplasm releases against RWA2 and RWA3 and all highly resistant lines have maintained their resistance. Seven, RWA-resistant, winter, feed barley germplasm lines in a Schuyler background were released in the fall of 2005. Nineteen, RWA resistant, 6-rowed, spring, barley germplasm lines in 6-rowed, malting barley backgrounds and 17, RWA resistant, 2- 97
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Annual Pro
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-i- INTRODUCTION The March 2007 <st
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USDA-ARS NORTHERN CROP SCIENCE LABO
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Spring Regional over two years at D
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Table 1. 2006 UCD Two-Rowed Malting
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environments was practiced, 2) elit
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Table 4. Selected six-rowed lines c
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Other Barley Research: Feed Program
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Executive Summary AMBA Prog
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Table 1. Agronomic performance of M
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Lines M122 and M124 were rated sati
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EARLY GENERATION LINES Forty F5 pop
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have evaluated a PCR based marker,
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Edward Schiefelbein, Research Scien
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small grains pathology input to thi
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Project Personnel Small Grains Path
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Investigations on Barley Diseases a
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Minnesota barley disease survey and
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pathotypes at the seedling stage in
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germplasm with the highest level of
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Mirlohi, A., Brueggeman, R., Steffe
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Developing Improved Malt Barley Var
Page 45 and 46: Table 2. Montana’s Statewide Tria
Page 47 and 48: As a Barley CAP collaborator, our C
Page 49 and 50: 3.2. A barley nursery composed of d
Page 51 and 52: 5. Related Barley Projects Barley P
Page 53 and 54: Barley Breeding - Advanced Testing
Page 55 and 56: Table 3. Agronomic comparisons of N
Page 57 and 58: Preliminary Malting Barley Yield Tr
Page 59 and 60: dwarf genotypes with the convention
Page 61 and 62: STUDIES ON BARLEY DISEASES AND THEI
Page 63 and 64: inoculated plots. The inoculum used
Page 65 and 66: much of North Dakota in 2006, few f
Page 67 and 68: 5. Collect isolates of barley patho
Page 69 and 70: oot rot. In collaboration with Scot
Page 71 and 72: 2. United States Wheat and Barley S
Page 73 and 74: 6. Lee, S. and Neate, S.M. (2006) P
Page 75 and 76: Objectives Met in the One-Year Fund
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Page 79 and 80: Beta-limit dextrin Alpha-Amylase Al
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Page 83 and 84: Figure 7. Time course of I2-binding
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Page 87 and 88: 2. Other Research (A) Predicting Se
Page 89 and 90: forms (through enzymolysis during m
Page 91 and 92: PUBLICATIONS (2006-07) Schwarz, P.B
Page 93 and 94: CI9214, PI552963 (Heartland), and N
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Page 99 and 100: Gary Hein in Colorado and Nebraska.
Page 101 and 102: Kevin Hicks, Research Leader, USDA-
Page 103 and 104: Detailed Report on
Page 105 and 106: Other Barley Research and Future Di
Page 107 and 108: Table 1. 2006/2007 Oregon winter ba
Page 109 and 110: Table 4. Agronomic data for OSU win
Page 111 and 112: MALTING QUALITY ANALYSIS OF NEW BAR
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Page 115 and 116: 2006-2007 Progress
Page 117 and 118: enzyme it encodes. We found that se
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Page 121 and 122: found in plant cell walls. The degr
Page 123 and 124: Establishing that sequence variatio
Page 125: Charles Karpelenia, technician Joe
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Annual Progress Report on Malting Barley Research March, 2007

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