Annual Progress Report on Malting Barley Research March, 2007

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Breeding and Genetics of Six-rowed Malting Barley Richard D. Horsley Department of Plant Sciences North Dakota State University Executive Summary The objective of the project is to develop and release improved six-rowed malting barley varieties acceptable to barley producers in North Dakota and adjacent areas in the United States, and to those who use or process this barley. This objective is being accomplished using traditional breeding methodologies. Traits receiving top priorities are improved malt quality, resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) and foliar diseases, reduced deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation, and improved agronomic performance. In the short-term, varieties with acceptable malt quality will be developed that accumulate 25% less DON than Robust. Long-term goals are to develop varieties that accumulate 75% less DON than Robust. Today’s growers have many choices of crops to produce. All new varieties with acceptable malting and brewing quality also must have sufficient agronomic performance to make them competitive with other barley varieties and other crops. Our improved varieties must consistently meet the quality needs of the malting and brewing industries and the demands of the growers. For the first time, a line (ND20448) from our breeding project with improved FHB resistance and acceptable malt quality was found satisfactory in its first year of Pilot Scale Evaluation. ND20448 accumulates about 30% less DON than Robust, yields intermediate to Robust and Drummond, and appears to have acceptable malt quality. In 2006, 391 of the 729 experimental lines we evaluated in replicated yield trials came from our FHB-resistance breeding project. The North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station released Stellar-ND, tested as ND16301, in February 2005. Stellar-ND has a high yield potential across a wide range of growing conditions in the northern Great Plains, excellent straw strength during the growing season and at harvest, and excellent malt quality. Miller Brewing found Stellar- ND to be satisfactory in two years of Plant Scale evaluation and Anheuser-Busch found Stellar-ND to be satisfactory in one-year of testing. The second-year of Plant Scale testing by Anheuser-Busch will be done using grain produced in 2006. Objectives, Methodology and Results – AMBA Funded Project The six-rowed barley improvement research program at the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station (NDAES), North Dakota State University, Fargo, is a cooperative effort among the Departments of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology. The fundamental objective of the program is to develop and release improved barley varieties acceptable to barley producers in North Dakota and adjacent areas in the United States, and to those who use or process this barley. Basic and applied research is conducted at NDSU on barley to provide information that will facilitate achievement of the barley improvement goals, improve cultural practices, and enhance our understanding of barley. 52
Barley Breeding - Advanced Testing Program - General Important commercial barley varieties, new varieties, and promising advanced selections were evaluated in seven trials at six locations in North Dakota and two trials in Sidney, MT in during 2006. In addition, "off-station" trials with new and check varieties were conducted by the Carrington, Dickinson, Hettinger, Langdon, North Central (Minot), and Williston Research Extension Centers. Pure seed increase plots of experimental lines (30) in Varietal and Advanced Yield Trials were grown at Fargo and Casselton. Pure seed increase plots of experimental lines (112) in the Intermediate Malting Barley Yield Trial and the Intermediate Low-protein Malting Barley Yield Trial were grown at Fargo. Regional trials grown were the Mississippi Valley Barley Nursery, the Western Regional Spring Barley Nursery, the Western Regional Dryland Spring Barley Nursery, the Canadian Western Cooperative Six-row Trial, and the Canadian Western Cooperative two-row Trial. We evaluated lines in the USDA-CSREES Barley CAP for resistance to FHB and DON accumulation in our Osnabrock FHB Nursery and for resistance to preharvest sprouting (PHS) in the greenhouse. Plant emergence in yield trials was uniform at all locations. Moisture at planting and up to heading was adequate. Following heading precipitation was below average and temperature was above average across North Dakota. The below average precipitation during this period prevented development of FHB and foliar diseases. Yields and kernel plumpness were reduced due to the hot, dry conditions. Rain during harvest at our Osnabrock, ND research site caused damage due to PHS in some entries. The NDAES released Stellar-ND, tested as ND16301, in February 2005. Stellar-ND yields greater than Robust and similar to Lacey and Tradition (Table 1). Stellar-ND has a heading date similar to Lacey, and lodging resistance intermediate to that of Drummond and Tradition. Straw strength of Stellar-ND at harvest maturity is similar to that of Drummond and Tradition, making it a candidate for straight combining. Kernel plumpness and malt extract of Stellar-ND are greater than that of Robust, Lacey, Legacy, Drummond, and Tradition (Table 2). Miller Brewing found Stellar-ND to be satisfactory in two years of Plant Scale Evaluation and Anheuser-Busch found Stellar- ND to be satisfactory in one-year of testing. The second-year of Plant Scale Evaluation by Anheuser-Busch will be done using grain produced in 2006. Twenty-one experimental lines were grown at six North Dakota locations (Fargo, Carrington, Minot, Osnabrock, Nesson Valley, and Williston) and at Sidney, Montana in their third or fourth year of yield trials. The USDA-ARS Cereal Crops Research Unit, Madison, WI, evaluated selected lines for malt quality and Dr. Stephen Neate evaluated lines for resistance to spot and net blotch in greenhouse tests. 53
Page 1 and 2: Annual Pro
Page 3 and 4: -i- INTRODUCTION The March 2007 <st
Page 5 and 6: USDA-ARS NORTHERN CROP SCIENCE LABO
Page 7 and 8: Spring Regional over two years at D
Page 9 and 10: Table 1. 2006 UCD Two-Rowed Malting
Page 11 and 12: environments was practiced, 2) elit
Page 13 and 14: Table 4. Selected six-rowed lines c
Page 15 and 16: Other Barley Research: Feed Program
Page 17 and 18: Executive Summary AMBA Prog
Page 19 and 20: Table 1. Agronomic performance of M
Page 21 and 22: Lines M122 and M124 were rated sati
Page 23 and 24: EARLY GENERATION LINES Forty F5 pop
Page 25 and 26: have evaluated a PCR based marker,
Page 27 and 28: Edward Schiefelbein, Research Scien
Page 29 and 30: small grains pathology input to thi
Page 31 and 32: Project Personnel Small Grains Path
Page 33 and 34: Investigations on Barley Diseases a
Page 35 and 36: Minnesota barley disease survey and
Page 37 and 38: pathotypes at the seedling stage in
Page 39 and 40: germplasm with the highest level of
Page 41 and 42: Mirlohi, A., Brueggeman, R., Steffe
Page 43 and 44: Developing Improved Malt Barley Var
Page 45 and 46: Table 2. Montana’s Statewide Tria
Page 47 and 48: As a Barley CAP collaborator, our C
Page 49 and 50: 3.2. A barley nursery composed of d
Page 51: 5. Related Barley Projects Barley P
Page 55 and 56: Table 3. Agronomic comparisons of N
Page 57 and 58: Preliminary Malting Barley Yield Tr
Page 59 and 60: dwarf genotypes with the convention
Page 61 and 62: STUDIES ON BARLEY DISEASES AND THEI
Page 63 and 64: inoculated plots. The inoculum used
Page 65 and 66: much of North Dakota in 2006, few f
Page 67 and 68: 5. Collect isolates of barley patho
Page 69 and 70: oot rot. In collaboration with Scot
Page 71 and 72: 2. United States Wheat and Barley S
Page 73 and 74: 6. Lee, S. and Neate, S.M. (2006) P
Page 75 and 76: Objectives Met in the One-Year Fund
Page 77 and 78: These automated methods have been t
Page 79 and 80: Beta-limit dextrin Alpha-Amylase Al
Page 81 and 82: M w kDa 800 600 400 200 0 0.4 0 2 4
Page 83 and 84: Figure 7. Time course of I2-binding
Page 85 and 86: 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1993 1994 19
Page 87 and 88: 2. Other Research (A) Predicting Se
Page 89 and 90: forms (through enzymolysis during m
Page 91 and 92: PUBLICATIONS (2006-07) Schwarz, P.B
Page 93 and 94: CI9214, PI552963 (Heartland), and N
Page 95 and 96: showing good levels of resistance t
Page 97 and 98: Germplasm Enhancement for RWA Resis
Page 99 and 100: Gary Hein in Colorado and Nebraska.
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Detailed Report on
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Other Barley Research and Future Di
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Table 1. 2006/2007 Oregon winter ba
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Table 4. Agronomic data for OSU win
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MALTING QUALITY ANALYSIS OF NEW BAR
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We recently secured an industrial c
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2006-2007 Progress
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enzyme it encodes. We found that se
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horseradish peroxidase-conjugated g
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found in plant cell walls. The degr
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Establishing that sequence variatio
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Charles Karpelenia, technician Joe
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Annual Progress Report on Malting Barley Research March, 2007

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