Annual Progress Report on Malting Barley Research March, 2007

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Table 6. Malt quality comparisons of ND20448, Robust, and Drummond grown in North Dakota yield trials, 2003-2005†. Barley Plump Malt Wort Diastatic Alpha- protein kernels extract protein S/T power Amylase Entry (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) ( o L) (20 o DU) Station years 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 ND20448 12.9 90.8 79.5 5.89 48.5 153 71.0 Robust 13.7 81.3 79.0 5.80 43.9 171 56.1 Drummond 13.2 85.3 79.2 5.68 44.7 181 65.8 †Data courtesy of the USDA-ARS Cereal Crops Research Unit, Madison, WI. Table 7. Agronomic comparisons of ND21306, Robust, and Drummond grown in North Dakota yield trials, 2003-2006. Grain Days to Plant Stem Test Variety yield heading height Lodging breakage weight (bu/ac) (days after 5/31) (inches) (0-9)† (1-5)‡ (lb/bu) Station years 19 18 17 6 6 6 ND21306 83.3 28.6 29.8 2.5 2.5 51.2 Robust 74.7 28.7 31.7 3.9 3.4 50.6 Drummond 80.3 27.8 30.5 2.1 2.6 51.2 †Lodging of 1 = no lodging and 9 = severe lodging. ‡ Stem breakage of 1 = no breakage at harvest and 5 = severe breakage at harvest. Table 8. Malt quality comparisons of ND21306, Robust, and Drummond grown in North Dakota yield trials, 2003-2005†. Barley Plump Malt Wort Diastatic Alpha- protein kernels extract protein S/T ‡ power Amylase Entry (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) ( o L) (20 o DU) Station years 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 ND21306 13.5 87.3 78.5 5.32 40.2 169 66.5 Robust 14.8 81.8 77.8 5.84 41.0 182 55.5 Drummond 14.2 85.8 78.7 5.82 41.9 193 67.8 †Data courtesy of the USDA-ARS Cereal Crops Research Unit, Madison, WI. Intermediate and Preliminary Yield Trials Seventy-four lines were grown in the Intermediate Malting Barley Yield Trial at six locations in North Dakota (Fargo, Carrington, Osnabrock, Minot, Nesson Valley, and Williston) and Sidney, Montana for their second year of evaluation. Thirty-eight experimental low-protein barley lines were grown in the Intermediate Low-protein Malting Barley Yield Trial grown at three locations in North Dakota (Minot, Nesson Valley, and Richardton) and Sidney, Montana for their second year of evaluation. Selected lines from both trials were evaluated for malt quality by the USDA-ARS Cereal Crops Research Unit at Madison, WI and for spot blotch and net blotch reactions in greenhouse tests conducted by Dr. Neate. About 625 experimental lines were grown in 56
Preliminary Malting Barley Yield Trials at the Osnabrock and Nesson Valley research sites. Early Generation Selections Single spikes from the F3 and F4 generations were sown at the Osnabrock and Nesson Valley research locations. About 8,600 head rows representing material from 74 crosses were sown. Selection of head rows in the field was based on maturity, plant height, straw strength, kernel plumpness, kernel color, FHB resistance, awn type, spike length, spike erectness, and spike density. About 2,100 selections were made and submitted to Dr. Paul Schwarz’s laboratory (Dept. of Plant Sciences) for malt quality prediction tests. Selections were evaluated for barley kernel assortment, barley grain protein, test weight, and kernel color. Spikes from the selected rows were sown in Yuma, AZ to increase seed for 2007 yield trials. Rows from the selections with the best malt quality estimates, and acceptable straw strength, maturity, and uniformity will be harvested and advanced to the Preliminary Malting Barley Yield Trials. One-hundred three F2 populations were grown at the Osnabrock and Nesson Valley research locations. Selection among and within populations was based on the same criteria used in the F3 and F4 progeny rows. Thirty-seven F1 populations from crosses made in the 2006-spring greenhouse were grown in the field at Nesson Valley. Onehundred thirty-two crosses were made during fall of 2006 in the greenhouse to combine favorable agronomic characteristics, disease resistance, and malt quality traits. Over 50% of the crosses made used parents that showed resistance to FHB and/or septoria speckled leaf blotch. Breeding for Fusarium Head Blight Resistance Since the inception of our work on breeding for FHB resistance, a main objective has been to transfer FHB-resistance from unadapted resistant accessions to our elite Midwest six-rowed malting barley germplasm. In 2006, 391 of the 729 lines we evaluated in replicated yield trials came from our FHB-resistance breeding project. In 2007 the percentage of lines from this breeding project will continue to increase. For example, 15 of the 20 experimental lines in our 2007 Advanced Yield Trial (AYT) will come from our FHB-resistance breeding project. This AYT is very important since it is the source of parents that will be used for the 2007 fall crossing block and the source of lines for entry in the 2008 AMBA Pilot Scale Evaluation Program. A limitation in our effort to develop FHB-resistant varieties is the well documented linkage block near the centromeric region of chromosome 2H that is found in most of the resistant accessions. The linkage block includes loci controlling FHB resistance, DON accumulation, heading date, plant height, and maturity. This linkage block helps to explain our inability to identify progeny from crosses to FHB-resistant lines that have acceptable plant height, even in F2 populations with > 15,000 plants. A strategy we are using to overcome the negative linkages in chromosome 2H is to control plant height and maturity using genes from outside the critical region. For example, parents containing the sdw1 gene in chromosome 3H were crossed to tall FHB resistant lines as a means for reducing plant height in FHB resistant progeny. About 36% of the 57
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Annual Pro
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-i- INTRODUCTION The March 2007 <st
Page 5 and 6: USDA-ARS NORTHERN CROP SCIENCE LABO
Page 7 and 8: Spring Regional over two years at D
Page 9 and 10: Table 1. 2006 UCD Two-Rowed Malting
Page 11 and 12: environments was practiced, 2) elit
Page 13 and 14: Table 4. Selected six-rowed lines c
Page 15 and 16: Other Barley Research: Feed Program
Page 17 and 18: Executive Summary AMBA Prog
Page 19 and 20: Table 1. Agronomic performance of M
Page 21 and 22: Lines M122 and M124 were rated sati
Page 23 and 24: EARLY GENERATION LINES Forty F5 pop
Page 25 and 26: have evaluated a PCR based marker,
Page 27 and 28: Edward Schiefelbein, Research Scien
Page 29 and 30: small grains pathology input to thi
Page 31 and 32: Project Personnel Small Grains Path
Page 33 and 34: Investigations on Barley Diseases a
Page 35 and 36: Minnesota barley disease survey and
Page 37 and 38: pathotypes at the seedling stage in
Page 39 and 40: germplasm with the highest level of
Page 41 and 42: Mirlohi, A., Brueggeman, R., Steffe
Page 43 and 44: Developing Improved Malt Barley Var
Page 45 and 46: Table 2. Montana’s Statewide Tria
Page 47 and 48: As a Barley CAP collaborator, our C
Page 49 and 50: 3.2. A barley nursery composed of d
Page 51 and 52: 5. Related Barley Projects Barley P
Page 53 and 54: Barley Breeding - Advanced Testing
Page 55: Table 3. Agronomic comparisons of N
Page 59 and 60: dwarf genotypes with the convention
Page 61 and 62: STUDIES ON BARLEY DISEASES AND THEI
Page 63 and 64: inoculated plots. The inoculum used
Page 65 and 66: much of North Dakota in 2006, few f
Page 67 and 68: 5. Collect isolates of barley patho
Page 69 and 70: oot rot. In collaboration with Scot
Page 71 and 72: 2. United States Wheat and Barley S
Page 73 and 74: 6. Lee, S. and Neate, S.M. (2006) P
Page 75 and 76: Objectives Met in the One-Year Fund
Page 77 and 78: These automated methods have been t
Page 79 and 80: Beta-limit dextrin Alpha-Amylase Al
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Page 83 and 84: Figure 7. Time course of I2-binding
Page 85 and 86: 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1993 1994 19
Page 87 and 88: 2. Other Research (A) Predicting Se
Page 89 and 90: forms (through enzymolysis during m
Page 91 and 92: PUBLICATIONS (2006-07) Schwarz, P.B
Page 93 and 94: CI9214, PI552963 (Heartland), and N
Page 95 and 96: showing good levels of resistance t
Page 97 and 98: Germplasm Enhancement for RWA Resis
Page 99 and 100: Gary Hein in Colorado and Nebraska.
Page 101 and 102: Kevin Hicks, Research Leader, USDA-
Page 103 and 104: Detailed Report on
Page 105 and 106: Other Barley Research and Future Di
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Table 1. 2006/2007 Oregon winter ba
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Table 4. Agronomic data for OSU win
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MALTING QUALITY ANALYSIS OF NEW BAR
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We recently secured an industrial c
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2006-2007 Progress
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enzyme it encodes. We found that se
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horseradish peroxidase-conjugated g
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found in plant cell walls. The degr
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Establishing that sequence variatio
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Charles Karpelenia, technician Joe
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Annual Progress Report on Malting Barley Research March, 2007

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