Annual Progress Report on Malting Barley Research March, 2007

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in our advanced yield trials that have improved levels of resistance to FHB. Last year we entered three variety candidates with enhanced FHB resistance, M122, M128 and M129 into AMBA pilot testing. This year we will enter three new lines with enhanced FHB resistance into AMBA pilot testing. SPOT BLOTCH Spot blotch (SB) has been controlled relatively well in six-rowed barley in the Midwest utilizing resistance tracing back to NDB112. It has been assumed that this source of resistance has been fixed in the Minnesota elite breeding material for some time due to the generally narrow genetic base of this germplasm. However, since the extensive effort to breed for resistance to FHB, many wide crosses have been made to FHB resistant sources that are susceptible to SB. Because of the increased probability of losing resistance to SB in many of the FHB populations, we have resumed screening for SB in collaboration with Dr. Brian Steffenson. STEM RUST Until very recently, the situation with stem rust (SR) was similar to SB. A single gene, Rpg1, has provided durable resistance to SR in Midwestern six-rowed varieties. However, with the FHB breeding effort, we could possibly loose this gene in our breeding lines in the absence of selection. We have established collaborative greenhouse screening with Dr. Brian Steffenson to screen early generation segregating populations and all PYT entries for resistance to SR. In addition, we are using a PCR marker, designed from the Rpg1 gene sequence, to screen breeding material. Recently, a new race of the stem rust pathogen, Ug99, has emerged in Africa. None of the currently grown varieties have resistance to this race. We are working with Drs. Yue Jin and Brian Steffenson to assess the level of resistance in our breeding program and deveop a strategy to introduce resistance to Ug99 into our germplasm. So far this race has not been detected in the United States, but if and when it does the disease could be devastating without adequate resistance. NET BLOTCH Net Blotch (NB) is probably the second most important disease in Minnesota behind FHB. In collaboration with Dr. Ruth Dill-Macky and Dr. Charla Hollingsworth, we have established both greenhouse and field screening programs to select for resistance to NB. We evaluated elite lines, resistance sources, and six populations for net blotch reaction in the field in a nursery located at Stephen, MN in 2006. Unfortunately, dry conditions resulted in very light disease pressure. We have been able to continue to screen for NB reaction on seedlings in a greenhouse assay in collaboration with Dr. Dill-Macky. An undergraduate in my lab has also recently mapped a QTL for net blotch resistance. We are working with the Genotyping Lab in Fargo to develop markers that could be used for MAS. SEPTORIA SPECKLED LEAF BLOTCH Septoria Speckled leaf blotch (SSLB) is an important pathogen in the Midwest. We have a breeding effort, in collaboration with Dr. Brian Steffenson, to develop resistance to this disease. We are utilizing two sources of resistance. For the source, CI4780, we 24
have evaluated a PCR based marker, developed in Dr. Steffenson’s lab, for use in selection. We usedave been using this marker for selection in F2 populations. We initiated a field screening program in 2003 at Crookson, MN which was overseen by Dr. Steffenson and Dr. Char Hollingsworth. In 2005 and again in 2006, we were unable to establish sufficient levels of disease in the field for evaluation of resistance. We were able to screen lines in the greenhouse in collaboration with Dr. Steffenson. One of our new breeding lines entered into the AMBA Cooperative Pilot Trial has resistance to Septoria. Pending analysis of 2006 quality data, this line may be entered into AMBA pilot malt evaluations, Genetic Analysis Of Elite Minnesota Barley Germplasm A Ph.D. graduate student, Federico Condon, has defended his thesis etitled “ Genetic Gain, Diversity, And Marker-Trait Associations In Minnesota Barley Germplasm”. This was one of the pilot projects that help to shape the proposal for the Barley Coordinated Agricultural Project (CAP). Barley CAP Project One aspect of out research funded through the USDA Barley Coordinated Project (CAP) is to map malting quality QTL using breeding germplasm. Carol Powers is a PhD student on this project who was initially funded through AMBA and is now funded through the Barley CAP. Her project involves mapping, validating, and conducting marker assisted selection for malting quality traits. Recent Publications Peer-Reviewed Wenzl, Peter, Haobing Li, Jason Carling, Meixue Zhou, Harsh Raman, Edie Edie, Phillippa Hearnden, Christina Maier, Ling Xia, Vanessa Caig, Jaroslava Ovesna, Mehmet Cakir, David Poulsen, Junping Wang, Rosy Raman, Kevin P Smith, Gary J Muehlbauer, Ken J Chalmers, Andris Kleinhofs, Eric Huttner and Andrzej Kilian. 2006. A high-density consensus map of barley linking DArT markers to SSR, RFLP and STS loci and agricultural traits. BMC Genomics 2006, 7:206 S. J. Yun, L. Gyenis, E. Bossolini, P. M. Hayes, I. Matus, K. P. Smith, B. J. Steffenson, R. Tuberosa, and G. J. Muehlbauer. 2006. Validation of Quantitative Trait Loci for Multiple Disease Resistance in Barley Using Advanced Backcross Lines Developed with a Wild Barley. Crop Sci. 2006 46: 1179-1186. Zhong, S., H. Toubia-Rahme, B. J. Steffenson, and K. P. Smith. Molecular Mapping and Marker-Assisted Selection of Genes for Septoria Speckled Leaf Blotch Resistance in Barley. Phytopathology 96:993-999 25
Page 1 and 2: Annual Pro
Page 3 and 4: -i- INTRODUCTION The March 2007 <st
Page 5 and 6: USDA-ARS NORTHERN CROP SCIENCE LABO
Page 7 and 8: Spring Regional over two years at D
Page 9 and 10: Table 1. 2006 UCD Two-Rowed Malting
Page 11 and 12: environments was practiced, 2) elit
Page 13 and 14: Table 4. Selected six-rowed lines c
Page 15 and 16: Other Barley Research: Feed Program
Page 17 and 18: Executive Summary AMBA Prog
Page 19 and 20: Table 1. Agronomic performance of M
Page 21 and 22: Lines M122 and M124 were rated sati
Page 23: EARLY GENERATION LINES Forty F5 pop
Page 27 and 28: Edward Schiefelbein, Research Scien
Page 29 and 30: small grains pathology input to thi
Page 31 and 32: Project Personnel Small Grains Path
Page 33 and 34: Investigations on Barley Diseases a
Page 35 and 36: Minnesota barley disease survey and
Page 37 and 38: pathotypes at the seedling stage in
Page 39 and 40: germplasm with the highest level of
Page 41 and 42: Mirlohi, A., Brueggeman, R., Steffe
Page 43 and 44: Developing Improved Malt Barley Var
Page 45 and 46: Table 2. Montana’s Statewide Tria
Page 47 and 48: As a Barley CAP collaborator, our C
Page 49 and 50: 3.2. A barley nursery composed of d
Page 51 and 52: 5. Related Barley Projects Barley P
Page 53 and 54: Barley Breeding - Advanced Testing
Page 55 and 56: Table 3. Agronomic comparisons of N
Page 57 and 58: Preliminary Malting Barley Yield Tr
Page 59 and 60: dwarf genotypes with the convention
Page 61 and 62: STUDIES ON BARLEY DISEASES AND THEI
Page 63 and 64: inoculated plots. The inoculum used
Page 65 and 66: much of North Dakota in 2006, few f
Page 67 and 68: 5. Collect isolates of barley patho
Page 69 and 70: oot rot. In collaboration with Scot
Page 71 and 72: 2. United States Wheat and Barley S
Page 73 and 74: 6. Lee, S. and Neate, S.M. (2006) P
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Objectives Met in the One-Year Fund
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These automated methods have been t
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Beta-limit dextrin Alpha-Amylase Al
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M w kDa 800 600 400 200 0 0.4 0 2 4
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Figure 7. Time course of I2-binding
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10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1993 1994 19
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2. Other Research (A) Predicting Se
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forms (through enzymolysis during m
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PUBLICATIONS (2006-07) Schwarz, P.B
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CI9214, PI552963 (Heartland), and N
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showing good levels of resistance t
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Germplasm Enhancement for RWA Resis
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Gary Hein in Colorado and Nebraska.
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Kevin Hicks, Research Leader, USDA-
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Detailed Report on
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Other Barley Research and Future Di
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Table 1. 2006/2007 Oregon winter ba
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Table 4. Agronomic data for OSU win
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MALTING QUALITY ANALYSIS OF NEW BAR
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We recently secured an industrial c
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2006-2007 Progress
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enzyme it encodes. We found that se
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horseradish peroxidase-conjugated g
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found in plant cell walls. The degr
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Establishing that sequence variatio
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Charles Karpelenia, technician Joe
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Annual Progress Report on Malting Barley Research March, 2007

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