The Davis Strait - DCE - Nationalt Center for Miljø og Energi

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162 5.2.5 Toothed whales Catches of narwhals and belugas are amongst the most important for the communities of Northwest Greenland (Heide-Jørgensen 1994). Sisimiut and Maniitsoq, in the northern part of the assessment area, are the southernmost places where narwhals and belugas are regularly caught. Large catches over several decades caused an apparent decline in the population sizes of the two species. In 2004, quotas were introduced by the Government of Greenland. The annual quotas are 310 belugas and 310 narwhals per year (Tab. 5.2.1). With these quotas there is a 70% chance that the population sizes of both species will increase (NAMMCO 2010). For Sisimiut, the quotas for 2011-2012 include two narwhals and 26 belugas per year. For the same period, quotas for Maniitsoq are two narwhals and ten belugas per year (APNN 2011a). Narwhal and beluga are the only toothed whales whose hunt is regulated by quotas in Greenland (Anon 2011b). Figure 5.2.5 shows the positions of beluga catches from 2006-2010. Harbour porpoise, pilot whales and, to some extent, white beaked dolphins, killer whales and perhaps bottlenose whales are also hunted. Catch of these species is unregulated, but there is a voluntary reporting system that has included harbour porpoises since 1993. Pilot whales and killer whales were included in the reporting system in 1996, and white beaked dolphins and bottlenose whales were added in 2003. The data is entered into a large database administrated by the Ministry of Fisheries, Hunting and Agriculture. The data presented below comes from this database. A partial validation of killer whale data showed that there are human mistakes in the reporting. In the period from 1993-2008 an average of 2,271 harbour porpoises were taken annually. Of the 34,064 catches reported from 1993-2008 in West Greenland, 30,443 harbour porpoises (i.e. 89%) were taken within, or close to the assessment area (i.e. between Pamiut and Sisimiut) (Fig. 5.2.6a). Due to their unpredictable occurrence, pilot whales, white beaked dolphins and killer whales are caught opportunistically. Annual catches of pilot whales in West Greenland vary between 0 and 300 and from 1996-2008 a total of 2,154 pilot whales have been caught in West Greenland. Most pilot whales are caught south of Disko Bay and approximately half have been caught within the assessment area (Fig. 5.2.6b). White-beaked dolphins and white-sided dolphin are not separated in the reporting system. In Greenlandic both species have the same name. However, we can assume that the vast majority of dolphin catches are indeed whitebeaked dolphins, as white-sided dolphins have a more southern distribution. On average, 40 dolphins have been caught annually in the period from 2003-2008 (Fig. 5.2.6c). Out of 238 dolphins reported caught in West Greenland from 2003-2008, 153 (i.e. 64%) were caught in the assessment area. Killer whales are hunted partly for human subsistence and partly to feed sledge dogs. As they are considered as competitors for seal and whale hunters, this is an additional reason for the hunting of killer whales. From 1996- 2008 a total of 84 killer whales have been caught in West Greenland and the annual average catch for the entire period was 13, ranging between 0 and 26 killer whales per year (Fig. 5.2.6d). The killer whales have been caught irregularly along the entire West coast from Upernavik in the north to Nanortalik in the south, with 27% of the catches (i.e. 23 animals) taken within the assessment area.
Figure 5.2.6. The West Greenland catch (green bars) of harbour porpoise, pilot whale, white beaked dolphin and killer whale. The black line shows the combined catch reported for Pamiut, Nuuk, Maniitsoq and Sisimiut, i.e. the assessment area (data from APNN). Catch per year (tonnes) 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 30 20 10 0 100 80 60 40 20 0 15 20 15 10 5 0 Harbour porpoise Pilot whale White-beaked dolphin / white-sided dolphin Killer whale 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 163
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THE DAVIS STRAIT A preliminary stra
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AU THE DAVIS STRAIT A preliminary s
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Contents Preface 5 Summary and conc
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Preface The Bureau of Minerals and
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anks are normally ice free or have
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ed in large numbers in the assessme
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cetaceans (whales and harbour porpo
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placement and transport corridors.
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shrimp and Greenland halibut, for i
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Mitigation The risk of accidents an
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Miljøet Det pelagiske miljø De fy
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Fangst og udnyttelse Menneskelig ud
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Indenfor fiskeriet, er risikoen for
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Kumulative effekter Der vil være e
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dybde, kan muligvis ændre på konk
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ingsæl, spættet sæl, finhval, pu
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tassannga misilittagarineqalersut s
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Timmisat imarmiut amerlasoorsuit, q
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lu klimami pissutsinut atuutunut tu
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toqunartoqarneri arrortikkuminarner
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toqusarnermik taarserneqarluni, uum
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minguttitamiit ajoquserneqarsinnaan
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Kalaallit Nunaanni immikkut ulorian
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Figure 1.1.1. The assessment area,
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VEC = Valued Ecosystem Components V
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tings/well and in total 6,000 tons
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2.9 Other activities Ship transport
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Figure 3.2.1. Major sea surface cur
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3.2.3 The coasts The coastal zone b
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Jan Feb May Apr May Jul Aug Sep Oct
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Figure 3.3.3. Average sea ice exten
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Figure 3.3.4. Major iceberg sources
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4 Biological environment 4.1 Primar
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Figure 4.1.1. Monthly progressions
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Figure 4.2.1. Calanus spp. biomass
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69 Fish larvae are important compon
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Figure 4.2.4. Red dots indicate san
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focus should improve our understand
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The coastal zone of the assessment
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183 macroalgal species (excl. the b
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Table 4.3.1. Distribution of macroa
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Chaetomorpha capillaris Chaetomorph
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egistered in the area. A similar pa
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The sea ice algal production in the
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1990) and then north (mid-2000s) in
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September when they have reached a
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Salmon, Salmo salar Biology and dis
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tween 1 and 2.4 billion individuals
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It should be noted that the breedin
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66°N 64°N 62°N 60°W 60°W Arcti
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Knowledge on habitat use of the win
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Great shearwater, Puffinus gravis T
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Common eider, Somateria mollissima
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Figures 4.7.7. At-sea distribution
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Figure 4.7.9. Distribution and inte
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Figure 4.7.11. At-sea distribution
Page 113 and 114: The Iceland gull has a favourable c
Page 115 and 116: Figure 4.7.12. Distribution and int
Page 117 and 118: Murres spend very long time on the
Page 119 and 120: The puffins are migratory, but thei
Page 121 and 122: Figure 4.7.16. Density of whitetail
Page 123 and 124: sonal communication 1984) varied wi
Page 125 and 126: Numbers: The status of the walrus s
Page 127 and 128: tively impacted by disturbance from
Page 129 and 130: surround the eyes and line the oral
Page 131 and 132: Sensitivity: Non-whelping hooded se
Page 133 and 134: winter in reoccurring leads and pol
Page 135 and 136: Critical and important habitats: Th
Page 137 and 138: Figure 4.8.6. The main frequency ra
Page 139 and 140: tude breeding grounds and high lati
Page 141 and 142: Figure 4.8.7. Migration routes for
Page 143 and 144: long-finned squid (Loligo pealei) (
Page 145 and 146: Until recently the abundance of har
Page 147 and 148: Figure 4.8.9. Main summer and winte
Page 149 and 150: 4.9.1 Pelagic hotspots The shelf ba
Page 151 and 152: 5 Natural resource use 5.1 Commerci
Page 153 and 154: 66°N 64°N 62°N 60°W Snow crab c
Page 155 and 156: Figure 5.1.4. Distribution and size
Page 157 and 158: Salmon, Salmo salar The fishery for
Page 159 and 160: Figure 5.2.2. Annual number of king
Page 161 and 162: 2003/04-2007/08 the catch averaged
Page 163: 66°N 64°N 62°N 66°N 64°N 62°N
Page 167 and 168: Figure 5.3.1. The number of cruise
Page 169 and 170: 6.2 National nature protection legi
Page 171 and 172: formation see the IBA website (http
Page 173 and 174: glaucous gulls, great black-backed
Page 175 and 176: 7.2 Conclusions on contaminant leve
Page 177 and 178: structures containing up to 10 ring
Page 179 and 180: The current warming trends are ofte
Page 181 and 182: species interactions. In the review
Page 183 and 184: 8.5 Marine mammals and seabirds The
Page 185 and 186: 9 Impact assessment David Boertmann
Page 187 and 188: 10 Impacts of the potential routine
Page 189 and 190: Impact of seismic noise on zoo- and
Page 191 and 192: type or timing of vocalisations. In
Page 193 and 194: detailed studies on the effect of s
Page 195 and 196: Table 10.1.1. Overview of potential
Page 197 and 198: een eliminated on the grounds of en
Page 199 and 200: 10.3 Development and production act
Page 201 and 202: hydrocarbon activities in Greenland
Page 203 and 204: parts of the shelf. Activities in t
Page 205 and 206: Seabird hunting is widespread and i
Page 207 and 208: There is a risk of reduced availabi
Page 209 and 210: General knowledge on the potential
Page 211 and 212: week period after the Exxon Valdez
Page 213 and 214: In general, species with distinct s
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A study of the density and distribu
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majority of the biomass. From a bio
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waters longer. The coastal fishery
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Seal pups are very sensitive to dir
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indicates that similar long-term im
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other parameters. It should be note
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Autumn (September-November) During
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to oil spills and produced water. I
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12.2.1 Ecotoxicological Monitoring
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Andersen JB, Böcher J, Guttmann B,
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Anon (2011b). Selvstyrets bekendtg
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Blackwell SB, Lawson JW, Williams M
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Born EW (2003). Reproduction in mal
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Buch E, Nielsen MH, Pedersen SA (20
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Clark RC, Finley JS (1977). Effects
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Dietz R, Heide-Jørgensen MP (1995)
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Falk K, Møller S (1997). Breeding
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Gjertz I, Kovacs KM, Lydersen C, Wi
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Hansen JLS, Hjorth M, Rasmussen MB,
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Heide-Jørgensen MP, Laidre KL (201
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Horsted SA (2000). A review of the
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Jonas RF (1974). Prospect for the e
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Ketten DR, Lien J, Todd S (1993). B
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Lick R, Piatkowski U (1998). Stomac
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Melle W, Serigstad B, Ellertsen B (
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Mosbech A, Danø R, Merkel FR, Sonn
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Nielsen OK, Lyck E, Mikkelsen MH, H
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Parry GD, Gason A (2006). The effec
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Popper AN, Fewtrell J, Smith ME, Mc
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Rivkin RB, Tian R, Anderson MR, Pay
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Schaaning MT, Trannum HC, Øxnevad
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Simpson AC, Howell BR, Warren PJ (1
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Taylor MK, Akeeagok S, Andriashek D
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Wegeberg S, Bangsholt J, Dolmer P,
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