View/Open - University of Zululand Institutional Repository
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Some <strong>of</strong> the plants investigated in this study have previously been tested for the<br />
presence <strong>of</strong> phytochemicals. According to Oluwole et al., (2007) Acanthospermum<br />
australe tested positive for alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides and tanins and negative<br />
for saponins. It was not tested for anthraquinones. In this study A. australe tested<br />
only positive for alkaloids (Table 5.1). Acorus calamus was previously tested positive<br />
for alkaloids and flavonoids and corresponds to the results <strong>of</strong> this research.<br />
Literature reports that it contains saponins and tanins but in this research it tested<br />
negative for it. Anthraquinones and glycosides have not been tested before (Gilani,<br />
et al., 2006). Albizia adianthifolia was tested for alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, and<br />
tanins and were all found to be present (Burkill, 1985). These findings contradict with<br />
the ones in this research. Flavonoids and anthraquinones have never been tested<br />
before. Oluwole et al., (2007) found that Baccharroides adoensis had saponins,<br />
glycosides and tanins but did not have alkaloids, flavonoids and anthranoids. The<br />
results for anthraquinones and tanins correspond to the ones in this research (Table<br />
5.1). For Clerodendrum hirsutum no information concerning the phytochemicals<br />
tested was found. Flavonoids were the only phytochemical to be tested in<br />
Combretum erythrophyllum and tested positive for it (Martini et al., 2004). Alkaloids<br />
were the only phytochemical found to be tested previously in Faurea saligna (Table<br />
5.1).<br />
No results could be found in the literature for phytochemicals in the following plants<br />
Gerbera ambigua and Hypericum aethiopicum. Alkaloids are present in Gunnera<br />
perpensa (McGaw et al., 2008). Hypoxis hemerocallidea was found to be having<br />
alkaloids, cardiac glycosides and tanins, the other phytochemicals were not tested<br />
(Muwanga, 2006). No information could be found concerning the testing <strong>of</strong> these<br />
phytochemicals for Lippia javanica, Pentanisia prunelloids and Warbugia salutaris.<br />
Literature revealed that Sclerocarya birrea tested positive for alkaloids, flavonoids,<br />
cardiac glycosides and tannins (Oluwole et al., 2007). The results for the alkaloids<br />
and flavonoids contradict the ones in this research. Oluwole et al., (2007) report that<br />
saponins and anthraquinones were absent in Sclerocarya birrea which corresponds<br />
to results in this research. Solanum uculeastrum was tested negative for all six<br />
phytochemicals but Oluwole et al. (2007) found alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides and<br />
tanins to be present. Tanins were the only phytochemicals found to be present in<br />
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