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According to the interviews that were conducted 34 plants were found to be useful in treating sores and wounds (Table 2.1 and 2.2). Eighteen were available in the wild and at the homesteads. Three of the eighteen plants were obtained from the muthi market. The people selling the plants obtain them from the wild. The information of the plants from the interviews pointed that the plants are mostly obtained from the wild. The big trees were the ones found in their homes probably because they provide them with shade e.g. Trichilia dregeana, Albizia adianthifolia and Sclerocarya birrea. Men and women participated in the survey. The results from the survey showed that women had more knowledge than men. In all the age ranges that were provided in the questionnaires the knowledge was obtained from both men and women (see Table 3.1). Table 3.1 Age range of the participants. Age-range (yrs) No of people Women Men 15-24 7 4 3 25-34 9 6 3 35-44 19 14 5 45-54 20 11 9 55-64 21 13 8 Over 65 4 2 2 Total 80 50 30 Table 3.1 shows that the knowledge was carefully passed on verbally from generation to generation. This information was passed on as the person grew up and this is supported by the number of people in each age range. For an example at the age-range of 15-24 yrs very few people had the knowledge but as the age increases, the number of people also increases. In the age-range of 65 yrs and above the number decreases because most of the homes did not have old people and the homes that had old people, their memory was not as good. The survey also showed that young men tend to have less interest on medicinal plants as it is believed to be a thing for women because they are the caretakers in their families. As men grow up some of them develop the interest and acquire knowledge on medicinal plants. This is supported by the slowly growing numbers of men participants in the survey (Table 55
3.1). Hypericum aethiopicum (unsukumbili) was the most used plant for treating sores and wounds. Of the 80 homesteads visited, 57 survey participants were using Hypericum aethiopicum at the time of the survey because it works the best for them. 56
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Antimicrobial activity testing of t
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3.1 Introduction 21 3.2 Plants used
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Appendix I: Research questionnaire
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2.5 Sensitivity table of MDR Gram p
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2n diploid Abbreviations ATCC Ameri
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Dedication My sincere thanks and gr
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Plants have
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legislation in South Africa, which
Page 18 and 19: 1.1 OBJECTIVES The objectives of th
Page 20 and 21: Table 2.1 Plants that were collecte
Page 22 and 23: Scientific names Zulu names Parts u
Page 24 and 25: Surname Gender Place Age-range M. D
Page 26 and 27: Antibiotics Escherichia coli U16403
Page 28 and 29: Dragendorff’s reagent Ethanol (Fe
Page 30 and 31: The plates were observed for the pr
Page 32 and 33: 2.6.4 Anthraquinones Dried plant ma
Page 34 and 35: 3.1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 3 ETHNOBOT
Page 36 and 37: 3.2.1 Scientific name : Acanthosper
Page 38 and 39: Medicinal uses The Acorus calamus i
Page 40 and 41: Figure 3.5 The fruits of Albizia ad
Page 42 and 43: Botanical description Baccharoides
Page 44 and 45: Data from ethnobotanical survey The
Page 46 and 47: 3.2.7 Scientific name : Hypoxis hem
Page 48 and 49: 3.2.8 Scientific name : Faurea sali
Page 50 and 51: emerge from the crown and bear a si
Page 52 and 53: Conservation status The species is
Page 54 and 55: 3.2.12 Scientific name : Lippia jav
Page 56 and 57: 3.2.13 Scientific name : Pentanisia
Page 58 and 59: Botanical description The marula is
Page 60 and 61: The lobed discolorous leaves, the m
Page 62 and 63: Figure 3.21 The leaves of Trichilia
Page 64 and 65: 3.2.17 Scientific name : Warburgia
Page 66 and 67: 3.2.18 Scientific name : Ziziphus m
Page 70 and 71: CHAPTER 4 ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY 4.
Page 72 and 73: factor in selecting resistant micro
Page 74 and 75: present in a cow’s udder or equip
Page 76 and 77: haemolysins, leukocidin, and perhap
Page 78 and 79: 4.4.2 Disc diffusion results The di
Page 80 and 81: Table 4.15 Comparison of results ob
Page 82 and 83: PLANT NAMES Agar well result SA Dis
Page 86 and 87: PLANT NAMES Agar well result SA4790
Page 90 and 91: PLANT NAMES Agar well result ECU164
Page 92 and 93: The use of American Type Culture Co
Page 94 and 95: mentioned strain which were Acantho
Page 96 and 97: In this study it was found that Aco
Page 98 and 99: 5.1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 5 PHYTOCHE
Page 100 and 101: cleansers. They are used in Ayurved
Page 102 and 103: Plant species Alkaloids Flavonoids
Page 104 and 105: Trichilia dregeana in this study wh
Page 106 and 107: Rf =Distance moved by the compound/
Page 108 and 109: Figure 6.5 The TLC plate (left) and
Page 110 and 111: 6.3 DISCUSSION The bio-autoautograp
Page 112 and 113: the results obtained from the agar
Page 114 and 115: e at least effective as forest guar
Page 116 and 117: Brain, K.R., Turner T.D., 1975. The
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Howard, P.L., 2003. Women and Plant
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McGaw, L.J., Jager, A.K., van Stade
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Portillo, A., Vila, R., Freixa, B.,
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Van Vuuren, S., 2007. The antimicro
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APPENDIX I: Research Questionnaire
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APPENDIX II: Antimicrobial activity
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a + 2 Average Calculation of result
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Sensitivity of different bacteria a
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Table 4.7 Results of sensitivity of
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MIC results in mg/ml ATTC CULTURES
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Table 4.12 Minimum inhibitory conce
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