download - IOA

More documents

Recommendations

Info

ness, on the production of strength, endurance, speed, power, and skill would point in this direction. This process may already be taking place or may be obscured by the rising standards of the best performers. It is quite possible now for a great nation state to produce national teams to beat the world while the population at large degenerates. Gold medals are no guarantee of national fitness. At the other extreme it may be that many people in all countries have glimpsed a vision of a new value for physical prowess and a new dignity for physical achievement at all levels of innate ability. For the future, the affluent societies will inevitably be to some extent concerned with debility and it may be that the emergent nations with a newly found enthusiasm for physical prowess have a special role to play in directing our attention to a positive ideal, a new asceticism, which could affect our very survival. The answer, then, in my view, is in the balance and I cannot think of any group of men and women who have a heavier responsibility or a more exciting mission in education than those whose task it is to teach the young the techniques and the philosophy of fitness. SPORT IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION By PETER CHISHOLM McINTOSH, Senior Inspector of Physical Education to the London Country Cuoncil Sport is one of those words which we originally borrowed from the French and have since turned to our own use in a great variety of contexts. It is used in talking of vigorous physical activities from team games to underwater swimming; motor cycling is a sport, so are hunting shooting and fishing and making love; sport covers animals' and adult satire and jokings; the word has ethical implications where we ask someone to be a sport, sartorial implications when I sport a gold tie pin and botanical implications when a freak plant or scion turns up in the garden. I shall not attempt to disentangle the skein, merely to pull one or two threads from it. The British are commonly supposed to have a unique and peculiar attitude to sport and it may be helpful first to pull a historical thread and see where our present attitude to sport came from. At a recent conference on sport organised by UNESCO an eminent 101
physical educationist from another country stated categorically that sport was a 20th century phenomenon and was adult in character. This may be how it appears in many parts of the world today but from a historical point of view both parts of the statement are false. Sport as we know it is essentially derived from the 19th century and was then developed by adolescents. Even the principle of compulsory games' was first established by boys, not by masters. Indeed the growth of games and sports in England during the nineteenth century was a revolution. Before the beginning of the nineteenth century few modern sports had been developed or formalised. The English aristocracy had long enjoyed horse racing and hunting, and this latter pastime was rigorously and harshly protected by the Game Laws. Cricket too became an aristocratic pastime during the eighteenth century, when the upper classes adopted for their own enjoyment the traditional game of the village green. Occasionally noble Lords indulged in yachting, in real or royal tennis, in pedestrian feats and in fist fighting, while fencing, originally learned from Italian teachers in the sixteenth century, had long been regarded as a gentleman's accomplishment. During the nineteenth century a great change took place in the pattern of English sport. Several factors caused this change; one was urbanisation. Team games like football, hockey and cricket did not need wide expanses of countryside as hunting did, but they could be played in and around the towns. Lawn tennis too was suitable for many suburban gardens. Athletic tracks could be improvised on any flat ground and the Victorian campaign for urban hygiene led to the building of numerous public baths where swimming could be practised as a pastime and as a competitive sport. Rowing in eights, fours, pairs and single sculls became popular on inland waterways, and at the end of the century an escape from the towns became possible on the bicycle which French manufacturers had designed and British developed. Cycling like swimming became popular as a pastime and a competitive sport. These developments took place as a new middle class rose to privilege and power and were, in fact, brought about by them. It was primarily in the Public Schools, old and new, and in the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge and secondarily in the Services and the suburbs that these new sports were first developed. Football for instance was regarded at the beginning of the century as "a game fit for butcher boys". "Why", remarket a famous headmaster, "the Yorkshire common people play it". Some of the 'common people" infiltrated into Public Schools and Universities, and there football was turned from a test of violence and brute strength into a game of grace and skill. The "Cam- 102
Page 4:
REPORT ΟF TΗE THIRD SUMMER SESSIO
Page 7 and 8:
PREFACE THE PURPOSE of this Preface
Page 9 and 10:
MESSAGE FROM H.R.H. THE CROWN PRINC
Page 11 and 12:
In the Altis of ancient Olympia
Page 13 and 14:
Mr. John Ketseas, President of the
Page 15 and 16:
Much of the discussion centred arou
Page 17 and 18:
of a healthy attitude and practice
Page 19 and 20:
that he could not have come earlier
Page 21 and 22:
in morning exercises, followed by b
Page 24 and 25:
A lecture was then read, sent by Mr
Page 26 and 27:
say a few words on behalf of my fri
Page 28 and 29:
PARTICIPANTS Miss Heide AINHIRN Mis
Page 30 and 31:
THE THIRD SUMMER SESSION PART II TH
Page 32 and 33:
The inaugural meeting at Olympia ad
Page 34 and 35:
Olimpic Stadium. In the centre tent
Page 36 and 37:
ivalry of sport or of nations, with
Page 38 and 39:
a) If he has not a basic occupation
Page 40 and 41:
The Olympic Games were not revived
Page 42 and 43:
for the Olympic Movement. This is o
Page 44:
A morning lecture in the shade of t
Page 47 and 48:
countries. The importance given, ho
Page 49 and 50:
demand made upon the "vegetative li
Page 51 and 52: Their minds are unencumbered by any
Page 53 and 54: though at present we do not know wh
Page 55 and 56: 50 In the shade of the pine trees a
Page 57 and 58: The ancient Stadium seen from the I
Page 59 and 60: If it enters, it means that the spe
Page 61 and 62: speak of a"ius quia acceptum", with
Page 63 and 64: look forward to further aid and enc
Page 65 and 66: tant de la morale sportive nous en
Page 67 and 68: valeur égale par un esprit qui est
Page 69 and 70: Il faut porter en soi ses possibili
Page 71 and 72: fois sportivement, de la culture ph
Page 73 and 74: quipes, et réalisons que le meille
Page 75 and 76: 74 A group of 1.0.A. lecturers and
Page 77 and 78: 76 A group walks through the Heraio
Page 79 and 80: ouvre un esprit à des possibilité
Page 81 and 82: à la fois une discipline et une mo
Page 83 and 84: gnent pas à ses performances. Nous
Page 85 and 86: les numéros de la vie auxquels nou
Page 87 and 88: au coeur de ce Comité Olympique do
Page 89 and 90: d'un esprit, en entretenir et en pr
Page 91 and 92: in those around us. In India the gr
Page 93 and 94: their collapse and the destruction
Page 95 and 96: Both similarities and differences m
Page 97 and 98: jured and the handicapped. I would
Page 99 and 100: in which perhaps more than physical
Page 101: not to say that the striving and th
Page 105 and 106: extensive. Von Neumann in his "Theo
Page 107 and 108: activities in the categories of com
Page 109 and 110: in 20th century sport. If it has th
Page 111 and 112: A group of lecturers (listening to
Page 113 and 114: The Cronion Hill from the I.O.A. gr
Page 115 and 116: It is satisfying for at least two r
Page 117 and 118: physical education. With care and a
Page 119 and 120: are incompatible". This foresight o
Page 121 and 122: pearance as either professionals or
Page 123 and 124: should differentiate between the vo
Page 125 and 126: employee and a perverse employer, w
Page 127 and 128: pearing in the Olympic movement. Si
Page 129 and 130: I. THE SPORTING ACTIVITY OF STUDENT
Page 131 and 132: 130 An evening talk in the
Page 133 and 134: In the Coubertin Memorial pit. Mr.
Page 135 and 136: Athletic Club .....................
Page 137 and 138: - The directors and General Manager
Page 139 and 140: Rowing * * ** * * Tennis Riding Equ
Page 141 and 142: serve to arouse the imagination and
Page 143 and 144: towards sports. It is here a questi
Page 145 and 146: VIII. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STUD
Page 147 and 148: THE NECESSITY OF SCIENTIFIC OBSERVA
Page 149 and 150: 3. The THEORY OF MOTION, of the hum
Page 151 and 152: vation and the interpretation of be
Page 153 and 154:
self qualified for such a career be
Page 155 and 156:
have been a description of the manu
Page 157 and 158:
It was by these, therefore, accordi
Page 159 and 160:
In the papyrus of Oxyrrhynchos (Rob
Page 161 and 162:
ebuilt it (96 B.C.). close to Mount
Page 163 and 164:
as a God and had erected a temple t
Page 165 and 166:
INFORMATION REGARDING THE "GYMNASIO
Page 167 and 168:
166 On the flag matt hillock partic
Page 169 and 170:
Some lady participants of the I.O.A
Page 171 and 172:
The Greek colonists of the Hellenis
Page 173 and 174:
lacking in essentials: oil, wheat a
Page 175 and 176:
wanted to send his son to the palae
Page 177 and 178:
the pride of a coach for astonishin
Page 179 and 180:
articles written regarding professi
Page 181 and 182:
THE ISTHMIAN GAMES TWO LECTURES By
Page 183 and 184:
in the stadium, where the danger fr
Page 185 and 186:
As the festival developed and drew
Page 187 and 188:
i. A group in the Temple of Apollon
Page 189 and 190:
Plan of Isthmia Finds from the exca
Page 191 and 192:
when Pindar wrote his odes before t
Page 193 and 194:
closing wall of which is not earlie
Page 195 and 196:
and variety of these dedications we
Page 197 and 198:
We are at a loss to explain how the
Page 200 and 201:
the participants brought. The culmi
Page 202 and 203:
The quality and abundance of modern
Page 204 and 205:
must build up on already familiar r
Page 206 and 207:
Some centres have already aligned t
Page 208 and 209:
SOMMAIRE DE LA 1ère PARTIE La Sess
Page 210 and 211:
1962. Le Président demanda qu'à t
Page 212 and 213:
neer est parvenu à expliquer les l
Page 214 and 215:
ACADEMIE OLYMPIQUE INTERNATIONALE S
Page 216:
Participants at the Cyllene Olympic
Page 219 and 220:
ERKLÄRUNGEN DER PHOTOBILDER In die
Page 221 and 222:
165A Dr. Korbs in einem Morgenvortr
Page 223 and 224:
ΣΤΝΟΨΙΣ Η ΘΕΡΙΝΗ ΣΤ
Page 225 and 226:
Προτού κηρύξει την
Page 227 and 228:
oí οποίοι απεκάλυψα
Page 229 and 230:
Σελίς τον ναόν του
Page 231 and 232:
ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΙΣ ΟΜΙΛΙΑΣ T
show all

download - IOA

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?