biological diversity and tropical forests in tunisia - PART
biological diversity and tropical forests in tunisia - PART
biological diversity and tropical forests in tunisia - PART
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Tunisia/Algeria endemic Quercus afares. Associated vegetation <strong>in</strong>cludes: .<br />
Ilex aqukfolium Sanicula europaea<br />
Cytisus trif lorus Brachypodfum silvaticum<br />
Erica arborea Athyrium fklix-fem<strong>in</strong>a<br />
Arbutus unedo r PotentPlla micrantha<br />
Luzala forsteri Saxifraga veronicifolia<br />
r Alliaria offic<strong>in</strong>alis r Viola odorata<br />
r Dryopteris aculeta Prunella vulgaris<br />
r = Rare<br />
Two st<strong>and</strong>s of aleppo p<strong>in</strong>e P<strong>in</strong>us halepensis exist 3 km northwest <strong>and</strong> 5<br />
km cortheast of Fernana. Each st<strong>and</strong> is c.300 ha <strong>in</strong> size. The<br />
<strong>in</strong>terspersion of the aleppo p<strong>in</strong>e st<strong>and</strong>s <strong>in</strong>to the oak forest <strong>in</strong>creases the<br />
ecotone, or transition zone, between the Kroumirie <strong>and</strong> the High Tell.<br />
Biol~gical <strong>diversity</strong> <strong>in</strong> the area is enhacced by the Dar Fatma bog (see<br />
Sectior 3.3.4.5) acd somewhat by the Beni Mtir reservoir. The reservoir<br />
provides a freshwater rest area for migrat<strong>in</strong>g waterfowl <strong>and</strong> waders, but<br />
the deep water <strong>and</strong> urvegetated edges do not favor cont<strong>in</strong>ual use by large<br />
numbers of acimals. Downstream from the dam, the Oued Melah is vegetated<br />
by Neriun olearder, Laurus nobilis, Hypericum <strong>and</strong>rosaemum <strong>and</strong> other<br />
riparian placts acd it is reported to be used by mongoose <strong>and</strong> rare otters<br />
--<br />
Lutra lutra.<br />
B. Irflaecces<br />
Exploitatioc of forest vegetation <strong>and</strong> clear<strong>in</strong>g for cultfvation or<br />
developmert are the maic factors affect<strong>in</strong>g the ecosystems.<br />
3.4.1.3. Tabarka<br />
0c the Mediterranear coast, Tabarka is the northwestern most city <strong>in</strong><br />
Tacisia. The Kroumirie maunta<strong>in</strong>s drop abruptly to the sea to the west of<br />
Tabarka aad subside more gently to the east.<br />
A. Vegetation<br />
Forests <strong>in</strong> the area are domknated by cork oak <strong>and</strong> occasionally conta<strong>in</strong><br />
Zen oak ard aleppo .. p<strong>in</strong>e. - Southwest of Tabarka there is a maritime p<strong>in</strong>e<br />
- P<strong>in</strong>us picaster ssp. renoui forest near the Algerian border. This 5;500 ha<br />
natural forest is the largest of its type <strong>in</strong> Tunisia. Cork oak is mixed<br />
ic with the forest, but it does not grow well on the acidic soil. Other<br />
associated species <strong>in</strong>clude:<br />
Erkca scoparium Pistacia lentiscus<br />
E. arborea Lavacdula stoechas<br />
Halimiam halimifolium Teucrium fraticacs<br />
Arbatas ured~
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