biological diversity and tropical forests in tunisia - PART

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Kedi cical Plarts: Myrtus commucis Rosmaricus of ficicalis Pistacia lectiscus Nabeul (conticuedl Gecetic Resource Plants: Ceratoria siliqua Olea ezropaea oleaster Orchids: Ophrys apifera 0. bombyljflora T!eotf ria icracta Acacamptis puramidelis H: nartoglossum hi rcicum Fzxa : Kamz:lals: b'ild boar (xcomnoc) Jackal Red fox Kafflr cat Egyptiar norgoose . E~ropeac rabbit ssp. Sirds: See Fig;re 11 Callitris articulata Euphorbj a sp. Erica multiflora Quercus sp. Vitis v<strong>in</strong>ifera Orchis palustris 0. paters 0. choriophora 0. papiliocacea Serapias parviflora S. lirgua ssp. e2-licgaa Black rat NA Shew's jird NA Gerbillus cam estris (gerbil) Jaculus or-(jerboa) Field mouse Eliongs quercyrus Sparrouhewk trappicg : Use2 for hurt<strong>in</strong>g, ther. released Hxtlrg acd poachicg Pollutior: Sewage discharge, dumpice Dams To~ristic developmeet Crazirg, ciltivatiac, erosioc v = Very Rare NA = Gorth Africa Ecdemic I' = Rare ?A = Tcci sj a/~lgeria Ecdemj c T = T~cisia Erdemic
Gancet Grey heror. Little egret t White stork Black stork C race Greater flamicgo Spoorbill Glossy ibis Shelduck Kallard Osprey Black kj te t Red kite Short-toed eagle Narsh harrier Her harrier Pallid harrier Moxtag~'~ harrier Sparro-,:hawk Levact sparrowhawk Biizzard Locg-legged buzzard Horey bxzard Lesser spotted eagle Booted eagle Bocelli ' s eagle Egyptiar v~lture Red-footed falcoc Plerlic Hobby Eleocora' s falcoc Saker falcoc Laccer falcoc t Peregrice Figure 11 Bj rds of the Nabeul Couvercorat (from Scace 1977, ICRP 1987) t = Threatened species Kestrel Lesser kestrel Barbary partridge Quail Coot Moorhec Black Virged-stilt Oystercatcher Avocet Ricged plover Little rireed plover Kectish plover Little stict Temmirck's stict Redshark Spotted redshack Greershack Curlew sacdpiper Commoc sacdpj per Black-tailed godwlt Slender-billed gull Mediterraceac gzll Little gull Herricg gull Black terc Little terc Caspiac terc Palm dove Roller Bee eater Cuckoo Hoopoe Wrer Lesser short-toed lark Galerid larks Fac-tailed warbler Blackcap Uhj tethroat Bocelli' s warbler Chiffchaff Goldcrest Spotted flycatcher Red-backed shrike Yellow wagtail Grey wagtail Tree pipit \r!ater pipit Swallcw House nartic Black redstart Redstart S torechat Koussier' s redstart Rlackbi rd Nightir-gale Rufous bashchat Robic Goldficch Chaffjrch Serir Oriole Durrock Spacish sparrow Ravec Great grey shrike Woodchat shrike
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BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY AND TROPICAL F
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Preface Exec2tjve Sxmmary BIOLOGICA
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List of Figures: LISTS OF FIGURES A
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EIOLOCICAL DIVERSITY AXD TROPICAL F
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Vast areas are domicated by steppe
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Effective pollctioc coctrol legisla
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2. BACKGROUND INFOREATIOC ON TUNISI
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Table 1. Climate and Bioclimate Dat
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Important factors influencing the r
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have been made of medicinal plants
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forage plants that have Graminees :
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2.4 FAUNA Currently, about 75 speci
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All of the large mammals of Tunisia
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3. PRIMARY ECOSYSTENS OF TUFISIA 3.
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Urban wastes (sewage) also alter co
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combination of surface waters produ
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Raf Raf is highly cultivated, excep
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B. Fauna Rhodophyceae (red algae) L
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Mean annuah temperatures along this
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3.1.4. Culf of Cabes: Rass Kaboudia
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B. Fauna -- Mamnals. Although there
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Little grsbe Great crested grebe Bl
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Figure 5 Locations of Islands of Tu
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A. Vegetation Wuch of Galite is cov
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Duricg the cesticg season it is con
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species appearing at this stage inc
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factors increase predation on uplan
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B. Fauna Kuriate is one of the thre
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Fishermen construct long barricades
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A. Vegetation Most of Jerba has bee
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3.3. WETLANDS In this docamect the
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3.3.1 . Harkne Lakes and Lagoons 3.
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the number of species (zouali 1975)
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Honey buzzard Black kite Egyptian v
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B. Fauna Mammals. Red fox, jackal,
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center and the lake edge is highly
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3.3.1.6. Thyna Salt Ponds Just sout
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3.3.2. Sebkhets and Chotts Sebkhets
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A. Fauna Ic the south and west part
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- Birds. Two rare species of duck h
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The high numbers .of pochard and co
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A. Fauna Whet there is water, the e
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winter there. Waterfowl observed in
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wetlands have been selected as repr
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A. Vegetation Alocg the pools, the
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There are five maic mocctaic system
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The ~roumirie/~ogods are composed o
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Much of the Krournirie/~ogods has b
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Undergrowth in the zen oak stands c
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C. Irflcerces Decse forest cover no
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B. Fauca To the west of Tabarka is
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A. Vegetation The mountaic is domin
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sparse, acd the rkemaq is mixed wit
Page 107 and 108: 3.4. Tucisiac Dorsal The Tanisian D
Page 109 and 110: B. Fauca -- Mammals. Fama of Djebel
Page 111 and 112: B. Fauca Mammals living or. Dj. Mrh
Page 113 and 114: Astragalis fortanesii ssp. numidicd
Page 115 and 116: A. Vegetatioc Dj. Hansour is fairly
Page 117 and 118: B. Fauna Fauna of special interest
Page 119 and 120: C. Icfluecces The mouctaic slopes a
Page 121 and 122: 3.4.3.13. Djebel Sidi Abder Rahmane
Page 123 and 124: 3.4.4. Mouctairs of the High Steppe
Page 125 and 126: A. Vegetation A t the sammit of Bou
Page 127 and 128: 3.4.5. Douirat !4ouctaics Ic southe
Page 129 and 130: 3.5. STEPPES The term steppe is oft
Page 131 and 132: Irfluences. The imp~cts of humar ac
Page 133 and 134: Ic the southeeat, heavier soils res
Page 135 and 136: C. Influecces Nost of the inland ar
Page 137 and 138: A t the base of Djebel Bou Hedma, t
Page 139 and 140: A. Vegetation Vegetatioc associatio
Page 141 and 142: .3.6. GRAND EASTERN ERG: SAHARA Alo
Page 143 and 144: 3.7. OASES There are abait 60,000,0
Page 145 and 146: 4. BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY DATA BY GOU
Page 147 and 148: - Cecetic Resource Placts: Ceratoci
Page 149 and 150: Medicical Placts: Asphodelis cerasi
Page 151 and 152: Birds: Le Kef (~orticsed ) t White
Page 153 and 154: D. SILIANA &jar Bmqstems: High Tell
Page 155 and 156: Area: 350,000 ha E. BIZERTE Major E
Page 157: Area: 290,000 ha F. NABEUL Major Ec
Page 161 and 162: Tucis (~ortinued) Xammals (foucd at
Page 163 and 164: Area: 375,000 ha Ha jor Ecosystems:
Page 165 and 166: Area: 665,000 ha I. KAIROUAN Major
Page 167 and 168: Area: 800,000 ha J. KASSERINE Major
Page 169 and 170: Figure 13 Birds of the '~asserice C
Page 171 and 172: - Birds: See Figure 14 Sidi Bou Zid
Page 173 and 174: Area: 280,000 ha Major Ecosystems:
Page 175 and 176: Area: 235,000 ha N. SOUSSE Major Ec
Page 177 and 178: Area : 770,000 ha Major Ecosystems:
Page 179 and 180: Area: 695,000 ha P. GABES Major Eco
Page 181 and 182: Little grebe Great crested grebe Bl
Page 183 and 184: Area: 705,000 ha Najor Ecosystems:
Page 185 and 186: Area: 2,035,000 ha R. KEBILI Major
Page 187 and 188: Area: 845,000 ha S. MEDENINE Major
Page 189 and 190: Area: 3,600,000 ha T. TATAOUIME Naj
Page 191 and 192: Area: 610,000 ha U. TOZEUR Major Ec
Page 193 and 194: Arid Regiocs Institute (Icstitute d
Page 195 and 196: Law No. 58-105, 1958: Oc slopes > 2
Page 197: One of the goals of the catiocal pa
Page 200 and 201: 5.4.9. Lake ~unfs Prbtected Vetland
Page 202 and 203: 6. SU!
Page 204 and 205: 4. Mouataies: A. Boi Korcire G.P.:
Page 206 and 207: , PART I1
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C. Querc~s cacariecsis (Zen oak) c.
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3. STATUS OF TUNISIAN FORESTS Ocly
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4. FOREST PROTECTION A cuxect polic
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LITERATURE CITED Acdrec, L. acd 14.
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Hollis, C. 1986. The modelling acd
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Vnr. Dijk et. al. 1986. Wictering w
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ANNEX 1 RARE, VERY RARE AND ENDEMIC
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Annex 1 (~onttnued) Species Status
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Annex 1 (continued) Species Status
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Annex 1 (continued) Species Status
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Ancex 1 (~octtcued) Species Status
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Annex 1 (~onticued) Species Status
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Acnex 2 (Cocticued) Comnor Kane: Sc
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Conmoc Name: Red-breasted merganser
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Connoc Came: Aiidoaic ' s gdl Slecd
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Conmoc Nane: Moustached warbler Aqu
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ANNEX 4 HEILICENHAFEM CRITERIA (~e~
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