Discussion

plain-text passwords (continued)
JUNOS configuration and, 75
login accounts and, 82, 83
NTP authentication and, 188
OSPF authentication, 403
RIP, 333, 342
root account and, 14, 74
SSH and, 78
plus sign (+), 28
point of presence (POP), 62, 471, 472, 475
point to point connection (see PPP
connection)
poison reverse technique, 332, 333
policers
limiting interface traffic, 319, 320
policer action, 306
protecting Routing Engines, 327–329
policies
actions, 283–285, 287, 288, 290, 306
adding BGP community, 465, 469
advertising RIP routes, 338, 339
advertising RIPng routes, 340
BGP and, 419, 436
changing routing information, 290–291
creating, 284–289
creating chain of, 297–300
default actions, 306
dynamic SAs, 111–117
ensuring proper functioning, 300
filtering long prefixes, 293–295
filtering routes by AS paths, 445, 447,
448
filtering routes by IP addresses, 291, 292
firewall filters and, 303
IS-IS static routes, 368–371
leaking IS-IS Level 2 routes, 371–373
load balancing traffic, 471, 473
LOCAL_PREF attribute, 441
match conditions, 283–285, 287, 288,
290, 306
NEXT_HOP attribute, 439
OSPF static routes, 406
overview, 282–284
prepending AS numbers to path, 443
RIP updates, 333
route flap damping, 458–462, 464
setting up route reflectors, 456
unallocated prefix blocks, 295–296
VPNs and, 555, 562
POP (point of presence), 62, 471, 472, 475
pound sign (#), 2, 11
PPP (point to point) connection
Frame Relay, 231
SONET interfaces, 234
T1 interfaces, 226
preemption, 506, 539, 540, 543
prefer keyword, 186
preference (see routing preference)
preference action (BGP), 291
preferred addresses, 210–212
prefix lists, 292, 294
prefixes
adding BGP community to routes, 470
bogons as, 467
CIDR addresses, 248
filtering, 293–295
filtering unallocated blocks, 295–296
IP address, 292, 481
mandatory attributes and, 420
martian addresses, 273, 274, 467
prepending AS numbers to path, 443, 444
restricting advertised routes, 448, 449
route flap damping, 460, 462, 463
switching tables and, 496
unallocated, 467
viewing routes, 257–258
VPN routes and, 573–575
prefix-length-range keyword, 294
prefix-list match term, 305
primary addresses, 210–212
primary NTP server, 181
prioritizing LSPs, 537–543
private IP addresses, 419
private keys, 123, 124
privilege class, 89–91, 95
privileges
customizing, 89–95
setting up login accounts, 81, 87
setting up user accounts, 82
protection LSPs, 529, 533
protocol data units (see PDUs)
protocol family, 194
protocol match term, 305
Protocol-Independent Multicast Sparse Mode
(see PIM-SM)
Protocol-Independent Multicast-Dense Mode
(see PIM-DM)
protocols
applying policies/filters, 284
graceful restart, 277–281
match terms, 305
viewing routes learned, 259
provider edge routers (see PE routers)
provider routers (P routers), 553, 555, 556
Prune messages, 613, 621
ps command (Unix), 57
644 | Index
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