Protocol for the Derivation of Environmental and Human ... - CCME

Bioaccumulation: The process by which chemical compounds are
taken up by terrestrial and aquatic organisms directly from the
medium and through consuming contaminated food.
Bioassay: A controlled, experimental study in which organisms
(typically rodents) are exposed to several different
doses/concentrations of a chemical over a predetermined time
(see long- and short-term exposure), and the resulting effects
are identified and measured.
Bioavailability: The amount of chemical available to the target tissues
following exposure.
Bioconcentration: The process by which contaminants are directly
taken up by terrestrial and aquatic organisms from the medium.
Biomagnification: The process of bioaccumulation by which tissue
concentrations of accumulated chemical compounds are passed
up through two or more trophic levels so that tissue residue
concentrations increase systematically as trophic level increases.
Biota: Biological organisms (including plants, microbes, invertebrates,
and animals).
CCC
Carcinogen: A substance or agent that causes the development or
increases the incidence of cancer. A carcinogen can also act
upon a population to change its total frequency of cancer in
terms of numbers of tumours or distribution by site and age.
Carcinogenic: Of or pertaining to the ability to cause the development
of cancer.
Carcinogenic potency: Expressed as a concentration or dose that
induces a 5% increase in the incidence of, or death due to
tumours or heritable mutations associated with exposure.
Cation exchange capacity: The total amount of exchangeable cations
that a soil can absorb.
Cation exchange: The interchange between a cation in solution and
another cation on the surface of any surface-active material
(e.g., clay or colloidal organic matter).
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