Protocol for the Derivation of Environmental and Human ... - CCME

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• determining estimated daily intake (EDI) of that chemical unrelated to any specific contaminated site (i.e. normal "background" exposure); and • defining generic exposure scenarios appropriate to each land use. Soil guidelines must ensure that total exposure to a contaminant (EDI + on-site exposure at the guideline concentration) will present negligible risk. Some of the steps employed to derive human health soil remediation guidelines are similar to those used in a site-specific risk assessment. However, to establish these generic guidelines, several basic assumptions were made about the sensitive receptor and the nature of chemical exposure for each land use. Guidelines derived for non-carcinogens are based on an assumed threshold for toxic effects. For carcinogens presenting some risk at any level of exposure, guidelines are derived based on estimated lifetime incremental cancer risk from exposure to soil. Chemical constituents in soil can migrate and contaminate other media. For example, soil contaminants can: • leach into a groundwater drinking source; • migrate in a vapour phase into basements and contaminate indoor air; • be taken up by plants and garden produce. These important indirect and direct soil exposure pathways are considered in check mechanisms in this protocol. There are five checks but only two types of check mechanisms. The first check mechanism uses probabilistic analysis to determine generic input values for the model parameters. Both the groundwater and volatilization into indoor air checks use this method, and the results of the check may adjust the final soil quality guideline. The second check mechanism uses conservative models which may or may not adjust a guideline value (Management Adjustment Factors). The Subcommittee uses the term, Management Adjustment Factors, to acknowledge the necessarily imprecise nature of these models, which use conservative point estimates, based on data and professional judgement, for generic input values. Management Adjustment Factors are used in the check vi
mechanisms for migration of soil contaminants into food, or migration of contaminants from industrial sites to more sensitive neighbouring land. On a site-specific level, more sophisticated models and actual site data for input variables can reduce the uncertainty in these calculations. Generic guidelines can be altered to account for sitespecific conditions by removing (or zeroing) exposure pathways, or recalculating management adjustment factors. For more information on setting site-specific objectives, see Section 1.3.3, Part A. The final generic soil quality guideline is based on the lowest value generated by the environmental and human health approaches for each of the four land uses: Agricultural, Residential/ Parkland, Commercial, and Industrial. vi
Page 1 and 2: A Protocol for the Derivation of En
Page 3 and 4: Readers' Comments The Canadian Coun
Page 5: Overview In response to growing pub
Page 9 and 10: procédures d'élaboration des reco
Page 11 and 12: • être absorbés par les plantes
Page 13 and 14: PART B Section 1 Derivation of Envi
Page 16 and 17: Section 2 Investigation of Contamin
Page 18 and 19: PART D Section 1 Derivation of the
Page 20 and 21: List of Figures 1 National Framewor
Page 22 and 23: Acknowledgements The CCME Subcommit
Page 24 and 25: Document Organization This document
Page 26 and 27: Bioaccumulation: The process by whi
Page 28 and 29: Denitrification: The gaseous loss o
Page 30 and 31: GGG Guidelines: Generic numerical l
Page 32 and 33: Mutagenicity: The ability of a chem
Page 34 and 35: xxxiv human exposure. Risk estimati
Page 36 and 37: Soil: Normally defined as the uncon
Page 38 and 39: VVV Volatilization: The chemical pr
Page 41 and 42: Section 1 The National Contaminated
Page 44 and 45: Part A, Section 1 6
Page 46 and 47: Part A, Section 1 1.2.2.2 Remediati
Page 48 and 49: Part A, Section 1 of, and establish
Page 50 and 51: Part A, Section 2 Section 2 Nationa
Page 53 and 54: Part A, Section 2 2.2 Limitations o
Page 55 and 56: Part A, Section 2 17
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Part A, Section 2 Industrial: where
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• the sensitivity of the test con
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Part A, Section 3 23
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Section 2 Level of Ecological Prote
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Part B, Section 2 2.3 Endpoint Defi
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Part B, Section 2 There is consiste
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Part B, Section 4 Section 4 Potenti
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Part B, Section 4 Figure 4 Simplifi
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Figure 5 Key Receptors and Exposure
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Part B, Section 5 grazing herbivore
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Part B, Section 5 5.2.2 Maintenance
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Part B, Section 5 5.4 Industrial La
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Section 6 Uncertainty in Guidelines
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Section 7 Guidelines Derivation Pro
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Part B, Section 7 (SQG SG = soil qu
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Part B, Section 7 a soil quality gu
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Where: NPER = no to Potential Effec
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Part B, Section 7 7.5.2.1 Using Mic
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Part B, Section 7 data, the Median
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Part B, Section 7 EC 50 LC 50 UF =
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Where: ERL = Effects Range Low, ECL
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Part B, Section 7 Where: EC 50 = Me
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Part B, Section 7 Where the ECL lie
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Part B, Section 7 4. Fewer than thr
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Part B, Section 7 An uncertainty fa
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Part B, Section 7 Therefore, BCF =
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Part B, Section 7 ingestion (SQG I
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Section 8 Derivation of the Final E
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Part C, Section 1 65
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Part C, Section 1 various sites acr
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Part C, Section 1 Geographical unce
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preferred for the assessment, but s
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Part C, Section 2 Environmental con
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Part C, Section 2 extent, the steep
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Section 3 Exposure to Contaminants
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Part C, Section 4 Section 4 Exposur
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Part C, Section 4 within limits, th
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Part C, Section 4 Figure 19 Concept
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Part C, Section 4 4.2 Absorption of
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Part C, Section 4 In the case of no
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Residential/Parkland Land Use Sensi
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Part C, Section 4 Commercial Land U
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Part C, Section 4 Industrial Land U
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Part C, Section 5 these data are av
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Part C, Section 5 GEOCHEM (Mattigod
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Part C, Section 5 • K oc (sorptio
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Part C, Section 5 5.3.3 Evaluation
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Part C, Section 5 parameters, and s
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Section 6 Derivation of the Final H
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Part D, Section 1 101
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does not apply to the commercial or
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Part D, Section 1 105
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References Aldenberg, T., and W. Sl
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References -dwelling Organisms", Ab
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References 112
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References Hill, E.F., and D.J. Hof
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References Paustenbach, D.J., (1989
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References Summers, J.K., H.T. Wils
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Appendix A Appendix A Nutrient and
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Appendix A Figure A.1 Simplified Te
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Appendix A 4.1 Agricultural and Res
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Appendix A References Bååth, E.,
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The Subcommittee considers that exp
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Appendix B P l P r BW = percent pro
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Appendix B Substituting equation 5
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Appendix B Where no MRL exists, the
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Appendix B Then, the remainder (T R
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Appendix B For carcinogens, total i
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Appendix C Rearranging [2] and subs
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Appendix C References Chiou, C.T.,
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Appendix D uncontaminated organic m
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Appendix D R = recharge, m/yr A = a
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Appendix D 2.3.3 Hydraulic Gradient
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Appendix D 2.3.5 Site Length The le
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Appendix D Table D.2 Lower Quantile
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Figure D.2 Conceptual Model of Dilu
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Appendix D Figure D.3 Recharge Esti
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Appendix D 159
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Smith, A.E., P.B. Ryan, and J.S. Ev
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Appendix E C K L V is the climate f
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Appendix E contaminant concentratio
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Appendix F Appendix F Multi-media E
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Appendix F example, fish BCFs are t
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Appendix G 2.2 Contaminant Vapour T
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Appendix G Table G.1 Equations Used
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Appendix G at the outset that, rath
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Appendix G 4.4 Application of the R
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Average outdoor summer temperature
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Appendix G References Alberta Envir
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