Mental health policy and practice across Europe: an overview

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372 Mental health policy and practice Beiser, M. (1999) Strangers at the Gate: The ‘Boat People’s’ First Ten Years in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. Bernal, M. (2003) Identification study: Spain, in C. Watters and D. Ingleby, Good Practice in Mental Health and Social Care for Refugees and Asylum Seekers. Canterbury: University of Kent. Castles, S. and Miller, M. (2003) The Age of Migration: International Population Movements in the Modern World. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Crisp, J. (2003) A New Asylum Paradigm? Globalization, Migration and the Uncertain Future of the International Refugee Regime. Working paper no. 100. Geneva: Evaluation and Policy Analysis Unit, UNHCR. Eisenbruch, M. (1991) From post-traumatic stress disorder to cultural bereavement: diagnosis of Southeast Asian refugees, Social Science and Medicine, 33(6): 673–80. European Commission (2003) Council Directive 2003/9/EC of 27th January 2003. Brussels: European Commission. Fassin, D. (2001) The biopolitics of otherness: undocumented foreigners and racial discrimination in French public debate, Anthropology Today, 17(1): 3–7. Goldberg, D., Benjamin, S. and Creed, F. (1994) Psychiatry in Medical Practice. London: Routledge. Gorst-Unsworth, C. and Goldenberg, E. (1998) Psychological sequelae of torture and organized violence suffered by refugees from Iraq: trauma-related factors compared with social factors in exile, British Journal of Psychiatry, 172(Jan): 90–4. Hollingfield, J. (2000) The politics of international migration, in C. Brettell and J. Hollingfield (eds) Migration Theory. New York: Routledge. Justice (2002) Asylum: Changing Policy and Practice in the UK, EU and Selected Countries. London: Justice. Kamau, M., Silove, D., Steel, Z., Catanzaro, R., Bateman, C. and Ekblad, S. (2004) Psychiatric disorders in an African refugee camp, International Journal of Mental Health, Psychosocial Work and Counselling in Areas of Armed Conflict, 2(2): 84–9. McCallin, M. (1992) The impact of current and traumatic stressors on the psychological well-being of refugee communities, in M. McCallin (ed.) The Psychological Well-Being of Refugee Children: Research, Practice and Policy Issues. Geneva: International Catholic Child Bureau. Mollica, R.F., McInnes, K., Sarajli, N., Lavelle, J., Sarajli, I. and Massagli, M. (1999) Disability associated with psychiatric comorbidity and health status in Bosnian refugees living in Croatia, Journal of the American Medical Association, 282(5): 433–9. PICUM (Platform for International Cooperation on Undocumented Migrants) (2001) Health Care for Undocumented Migrants. Antwerp: PICUM. Pourgourides, C.K., Bracken, P.J. and Sashidharan, S.P. (1996) A Second Exile: The Mental Health Implications of Detention of Asylum Seekers in the United Kingdom. Birmingham: Academic Unit, Northern Birmingham Mental Health Trust. Silove, D. (1999) The psychosocial effects of torture, mass human rights violations, and refugee trauma, Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 187(4): 200–7. Silove, D., McIntosh, P. and Becker, R. (1993) Risk of retraumatization of asylum-seekers in Australia, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 27(4): 606–12. Silove, D., Ekblad, S. and Mollica, R. (2000a) The rights of the severely mentally ill in post-conflict societies, Lancet, 355(9214): 1548–9. Silove, D., Steel, Z. and Watters, C. (2000b) Policies of deterrence and the mental health of asylum seekers, Journal of the American Medical Association, 284(5): 604–11. Stubbs, P. (2004) Transforming local and global discourses: reassessing the PTSD movement in Bosnia and Croatia, in D. Ingleby (ed.) Forced Migration and Mental Health: Rethinking the Care of Refugees and Displaced Persons. Amsterdam: Kluwer.
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European Observatory on Health Syst
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The European Observatory on Health
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Open University Press McGraw-Hill E
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European Observatory on Health Syst
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viii Contents five six The evidence
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List of tables 2.1 Beds in state ps
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List of figures 4.1 The production
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List of boxes 3.1 A personal testim
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List of contributors Francesco Amad
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xviii List of contributors Viviane
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Series editors’ introduction Euro
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Foreword Mental health may be the m
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Foreword by the Minister of Health
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Acknowledgements This volume is par
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chapter one Mental health policy an
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An overview 3 agencies (see Chapter
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An overview 5 Funding In broad term
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An overview 7 Social inclusion and
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An overview 9 actions such as inter
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An overview 11 of symptom alleviati
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An overview 13 Kessler, R.C., Demle
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chapter two The historical developm
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Historical development of mental he
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A lack of historical continuity His
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Tackling social exclusion 35 • in
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Tackling social exclusion 37 networ
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Tackling social exclusion 39 regula
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Tackling social exclusion 41 where
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Tackling social exclusion 43 and Sw
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Tackling social exclusion 45 addres
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Tackling social exclusion 47 than o
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Tackling social exclusion 49 in thi
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Tackling social exclusion 51 not ho
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Tackling social exclusion 53 Box 3.
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Tackling social exclusion 55 Conclu
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Tackling social exclusion 57 Disabi
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Tackling social exclusion 59 Read,
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Financing and funding 61 problems h
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Financing and funding 63 provides a
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Financing and funding 65 recognizin
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Financing and funding 67 care docto
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Financing and funding 69 Trends in
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Financing and funding 71 employment
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Financing and funding 73 kind, cove
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Financing and funding 75 emphasis o
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Financing and funding 77 provided i
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Financing and funding 79 for differ
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Financing and funding 81 budgets in
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Financing and funding 83 Europe or
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Financing and funding 85 the famili
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Financing and funding 87 of further
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Financing and funding 89 mental hea
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Financing and funding 91 community
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Financing and funding 93 Available
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Financing and funding 95 Basu, A. (
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Financing and funding 97 of interve
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Financing and funding 99 World Heal
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The evidence base 101 result of pub
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The evidence base 103 campaigns, it
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The evidence base 105 using health
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Table 5.1 A matrix of evidence Rese
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Identifying needs using epidemiolog
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The evidence base 111 facilitate gl
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The evidence base 113 Learning from
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The evidence base 115 sources of ev
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The evidence base 117 Europe, and i
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The evidence base 119 to Policy pro
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The evidence base 121 Finally, it i
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The evidence base 123 Lavis, J., Ro
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The evidence base 125 World Health
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The treatment of mental disorders 1
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Psychopharmaceuticals in Europe 147
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Table 7.6 Europe by drug type and c
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Table 7.8 Europe by drug type and c
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Table 7.10 Europe by drug type and
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Table 7.12 Europe by drug type and
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Table 7.14 Europe comparative presc
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Table 7.20 Decline in psychiatric i
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Promotion and prevention 189 Mental
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Promotion and prevention 191 Box 8.
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Promotion and prevention 193 risk o
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Promotion and prevention 195 and th
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Promotion and prevention 197 (Üstu
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Promotion and prevention 199 and un
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Promotion and prevention 201 The li
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Promotion and prevention 203 income
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Promotion and prevention 205 implem
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Promotion and prevention 207 When d
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Promotion and prevention 209 health
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Promotion and prevention 211 Murphy
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Promotion and prevention 213 Vuori,
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chapter nine Common mental health p
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Mental health disorders in primary
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Mental health problems in primary c
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chapter ten Reforms in community ca
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Table 10.1 Mental health care in th
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Reforms in community care 239 syste
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Reforms in community care 241 integ
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Reforms in community care 243 In 19
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Reforms in community care 245 Secon
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Reforms in community care 247 must
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Reforms in community care 249 Goldb
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Addiction and alcohol 251 (Brown et
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Addiction and alcohol 253 Figure 11
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Addiction and alcohol 255 Table 11.
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Addiction and alcohol 257 Some stud
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Addiction and alcohol 259 availabil
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Addiction and alcohol 261 Table 11.
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Addiction and alcohol 263 Hours and
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Addiction and alcohol 265 College s
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Addiction and alcohol 273 Alcohol t
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Addiction and alcohol 275 developme
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Addiction and alcohol 277 Greenfiel
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Addiction and alcohol 279 World Hea
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Housing and employment 281 European
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Housing and employment 283 to a lif
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Housing and employment 285 relative
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Housing and employment 287 comprise
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Housing and employment 289 treatmen
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Housing and employment 291 rented h
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Housing and employment 293 occupati
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Housing and employment 295 market;
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Housing and employment 297 Table 12
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Housing and employment 299 Return t
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Effectiveness of pre-vocational and
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Housing and employment 303 where re
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Housing and employment 305 mental h
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Housing and employment 307 S.M. (20
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A human rights perspective 309 Nor
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Monitoring compliance with the inte
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A human rights perspective 313 Ment
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A human rights perspective 315 Equa
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A human rights perspective 317 Last
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A human rights perspective 319 Comb
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Page 355 and 356: A human rights perspective 327 ensu
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Page 359 and 360: A human rights perspective 331 Arti
Page 361 and 362: A human rights perspective 333 Refe
Page 363 and 364: A human rights perspective 335 Will
Page 365 and 366: The user and survivor movement 337
Page 385 and 386: Care of asylum seekers and refugees
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Page 403 and 404: Carers and families 375 In this cha
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Page 411 and 412: Carers and families 383 Interventio
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Page 417 and 418: Carers and families 389 Conclusion
Page 419 and 420: Carers and families 391 Cohen, C.A.
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Page 425 and 426: chapter seventeen Mental health pol
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Policy in former eastern bloc count
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Policy in former eastern bloc count
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Box 18.1 Recommendations in The Wor
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The WHO perspective 429 isolation,
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The WHO perspective 431 high when c
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The WHO perspective 433 Key issues
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The WHO perspective 435 Box 18.2 Qu
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The WHO perspective 437 services is
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The WHO perspective 439 Desjarlais,
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Index abuse of psychiatry, eastern
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Index 443 community care ECHR, 321
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Index 445 European countries commun
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Index 447 initiatives, discriminati
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Index 449 applying principles, 317-
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Index 451 policy, 228-9 practice, 2
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