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Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks for Lighting Energy ...

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ŷ k +1<br />

= 2 + <br />

<br />

1 <br />

S <br />

1+ <br />

k<br />

<br />

1 <br />

S k<br />

[2]<br />

(5.14)<br />

The prediction <strong>and</strong> corresponding prediction error generated by double<br />

exponential smoothing approach on the same set of daylight data as that used in Figure<br />

5-3 is shown in Figure 5-6, where the blue solid line in (a) is the true daylight data<br />

sampled every ten seconds <strong>and</strong> the green dashed line is the prediction. Unlike Kalman<br />

<strong>and</strong> Wiener filtering approaches, which may be started with r<strong>and</strong>om initial guesses, the<br />

double exponential soothing method has to be initiated by smoothing over the first few<br />

data points. In this case, the first 24 data points were used <strong>for</strong> initialization, <strong>and</strong> the<br />

MSE is 91.9.<br />

Figure 5-6 Prediction per<strong>for</strong>mance of double exponential smoothing.<br />

Compare the per<strong>for</strong>mance of the above three predictive models (Figure 5-3,<br />

Figure 5-5 <strong>and</strong> Figure 5-6). Each model can provide a reasonably good prediction.<br />

69

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