ssc-367 - Ship Structure Committee

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U.S.Department of Transportation United States CoastGuard /47 ● ● ,*c%,, # ~ @ %,J SSC-367 FATIGUE TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT AND STRATEGIES FOR FATIGUE AVOIDANCE IN MARINE STRUCTURES APPENDICES his dmumcnt has been approvsd for public rdsaseandsalwits distribution is unlimited SHIP STRUCTURE COMMITTEE 1993 C-,1 %r@llz’”” .,-Q#q / ‘$’”
~HIP STRUCTURF CO MMllTEF The SHIP STRUCTURE COMMllTEE is constituted to prosecute a research program to improve the hull structures of ships and other marine structures by an extension of knowledge pertaining to design, materials, and methods of construction. RADM A. E. Henn, USCG (Chairman) Chief, Office of Marine Safety, Security and Environmental Protection U, S, Coast Guard Mr. Thomas H. Peirce Mr. tit T, Hailer Dr. Donald Mu Marine Research and Development Associate Administrator for Ship- Senior Vrce President Coordinator building and Ship Operations Ameri=n Bureau of Shipping Transportation Development Center Maritime Administration Transport Canada Mr. Alexander Malakhoff Mr. Thomas W. Allen CDR Stephen E. Sharpe, USCG Director, Structural Integrity Engineering Officer (N7) Executive Director Subgroup (SEA 05P) Military Sealift Command Naval Sea Systems Command :Y1.%%;s?m’”ee CONTRACTING OFFICER TECHNICAL REPRESENTATIVE Mr. William J. Siekierka SEA05P4 Naval Sea Systems Command SHIP ST RUCTLJRFSUR~OMMllTFF The SHIP STRUCTURE SLIBCOMMllTEE acts for the Ship Structure Committee on technical matters by providing technical coordination for determinating the goals atrd objectives of the program and by evaluating and interpreting the results in terms of structural design, construction, and operation. AMERICAN BUREAU OF SHIPPING NAVAL S EA SYSTEMS COM MAND TRANSPORT CANADA Mr. Stephen G. Arntson (Chairman) Dr. Robert A. Sielski Mr. John Grinstead Mr. John F, ConIon Mr. Charles L Null Mr. Ian Bayly Dr. John S, Spencer Mr. W. Thomas Packard Mr. David L, Stocks Mr, Glenn M, Ashe Mr. Allen H. Engle Mr. Peter Timonin &llLITARY SEAI IFT COM MAND jYIARITIME ADMINI STRA TIO~ U, S, COAST GU ARD Mr, Robert E. Van Jones Mr. Frederick Seibold CAPT T. E. Thompson Mr. Rickard A Anderson Mr. Norman 0, Hammer CAPT W. E, Colburn, Jr. Mr. Michael W. Touma Mr. Chao H. Lin Mr. Rubin Scheinberg Mr, Jeffrey E. Beach Dr. Walter M. Maclean Mr. H. Paul Cojeen SHIP STRUCTURE SUBCOMMITTEE LIAISON MEMBERS ~Y LCDR Bruce R. Mustain ~s - ~n Mr. Alexander B. Stavovy U. S. M FRCHANT MARINE ACAO EMY Dr. C. B, Kim ~Y NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES - COMMllTEE ON MARINE STRUCTURES Mr. Peter M. Palermo Dr. Ramswar Bhattacharyya ~SEARCHCOUNCll STATE UMNIV~~SITY OF NEW YORK Dr. Martin Prager Dr. W. R. Porter SOCIETY OF NAVAL ARC HITECTS AND MARINE ENGINEERS AMERICAN IRON AND STEEL INSTITUTE Mr, Alexander D. Wilson DEPARTMENTOF NATIONAL DEFENCE - CANADA Dr. William Sandberg Dr, Neil G. Pegg OFFI CE OF NAVAL RESEARCH Dr. Yapa D, S. Rajapaske
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SSC-367 - FATIGUE TECHNOLOGY ASSESS
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SHIP STRUCTURF COMMllTFF The SHIP S
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—.--— 1. Report No. 2. Gowotnmr
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FATIGUE TECHNOLOGY Assessment AND D
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6. FATIGUE STRESS HISTORY MODELS 6,
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APPENDICES A. REVIEW OF OCEAN ENVIR
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D. VORTEX SHEDDING AVOIDANCE AND FA
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LIST OF FIGURES (cent.) FIGURE TITL
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HOT-SPOT STRESS . The hot-spot stre
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QA/Qc : Quality Assurance/QualityCo
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1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND The
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general assessmentof fatiguewhile t
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2. OVERVIEW OF FATIGUE 2.1 FATIGUE
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2.2 FATIGUE ANALYSIS 2.2.1 Anal.vsi
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● Loads generated as affected by
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A deterministic method is sometimes
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1 APPLICATION OF NUMEROUS CYCLIC ST
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I MOBiLEANDSTATIONARY MARWE STRUCTU
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3. FATIGUE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS PARA
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and in-plane/out-of-planeangles,and
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the general quality of fabrication,
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3.2 REVIEW OF FATIGUE ANALYSIS PARA
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frequencies of interest, requiring
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● Reqular Waves in FrecjuencvDoma
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The finite element models of increa
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The stressmodel parametersdiscussed
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While API S-N curves are applicable
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DESIGN Osn40H rAnNsirsR8 FAMcA~ M P
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Primarily Affect .--------+’ & In
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MOTIONS MODEL — .—. ● ;LOADS
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loa 1 10 -— — — -t-i-nT 1[ -t
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4. GLOBAL REVIEW OF FATIGUE 4.1 APP
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An allowable stress method, also co
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esults of work covering assessment
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location. Thus, the method should b
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1. SDectral FaticlueAnalvsis Althou
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2. Weibull AtIDroach The Weibull sh
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energy about the central direction
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Although considered to be an emergi
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many design rules implement this ap
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Detailed Anal.vsisMethods The detai
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The DnV X-curve and the DEn Guidanc
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ending restrictions. Cruciform and
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period, are also designed tomeet th
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incorporates inspection-strategy(Re
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‘Thereare numerous finite element
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LOCATIONs oF FATIGUE CMCKS Figure 4
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TW=’T ——— ———___ __ r
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1 —. — — — — -.. - .. - .
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TOP[C U.K.DEPARTMENTOF ENERGY(OEn)
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:1 U.K.DEPARTMENTOF ENERGY(DEn) AME
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TOPIC U.K.DEPARTMENJOFEIWRGV(oEn) O
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5. FATIGUE STRESS MODELS 5.1 REVIEW
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● The water particle kinematicsar
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“radiation pressure” of waves,
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influence on the applied loading. H
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their function, selecting appropria
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hydrostatic stiffness is introduced
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structure is unique and an allowabl
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loads directly. Since the diffracti
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typically from 0.6 to 0.8 and 1.5 t
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therefore be defined uniformly alon
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load analysisof adetailed three-dim
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esponsesare required , or where con
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either multiple stick elements (for
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Braces may have stubs or cones, whi
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Whatever the basis for an empirical
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The SCF equations currently in use
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life. During the comprehensive desi
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?.s I z - ]LEvE~ ~ 1,5 \ i i+ 11 Is
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-. Figure 5-5 Comparison of Detaile
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( -t ) ( T-JOINT Y-JOINT ( \ I / K-
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SMEDLEY-WORDSWORTH 0 d =— = D 600
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Wave Records Older wave and wind in
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In many cases wind informationmay b
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q = 3.3 s = 0.07, for f< fm s = 0.0
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Seasonal Variation The annual wave
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4. ~arpkaya spreading. (Reference 6
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~. \“ life of a structure,cannot
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6.3 TIME-DOMAIN ANALYSES Nonlinear
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The wave environmentdefinitionsbase
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.,..,, ....- ., ;., .. .... .- .. .
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● Fatiguetest data should be care
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assessmentis typically identifiedas
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damage accumulation similar to that
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“FabricationRestrictions Fabricat
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Fatigue strength of a tubular joint
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Current recommendations,rules and s
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n NB=T 1 [p=+pi Ei . ‘c where: NB
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(2) Damage computation does not acc
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DNB = (f. T/K) (2/2 U)m r (f+ 1) wh
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interactionof multiple fatigue crac
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amplitude loading and loading seque
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n“ CAP PASSES ROOT = * { A A 4 I
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It should be pointed out that the e
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v= flow velocity normal to the cyli
Page 194 and 195: 8.4 METHODS OF MINIMIZING VORTEX SH
Page 196 and 197: Ra < S REGIME OF UNSE?ARATE~ FLOW 5
Page 198 and 199: ages. The designer has no control o
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Page 202 and 203: connections, knife edge crossings,
Page 204 and 205: 9.3.1 Fabrication Effects The fatig
Page 206 and 207: ● Controlled Erosion An alternate
Page 208 and 209: after a given number of stress cycl
Page 210 and 211: A second pass with polishingdisc is
Page 212 and 213: others. Extensive analytical and ex
Page 214 and 215: d) Stress SDectrum Hot-spot stresse
Page 216 and 217: Cumulativefatiguedamagecomputations
Page 218 and 219: as a parametric study intended to i
Page 220 and 221: Additional areas requiring further
Page 222 and 223: GROUP Modification of Weld Profile
Page 224 and 225: 400 ‘,, . . 350 - I I 300r [ ~ ,0
Page 226 and 227: TOPIC SUBJECT INVESTIGATOR COMPLETI
Page 228 and 229: 3.1 Soyak, J. F., Caldwell, J. W.,
Page 230 and 231: 4.12 Daidola, J.C., and Basar, N.S.
Page 232 and 233: 5.4 Papanikolaou,A. and Zaraphoniti
Page 234 and 235: 5.21 -”’ ” ”---”---”
Page 236 and 237: “7.2 Jordan, C.R., and Cochran, C
Page 238 and 239: 7.19 Niemi, E.J., “FatigueTests o
Page 240 and 241: 9.1 Skaar, K.T., “ContributingFac
Page 242 and 243: COMMllTEE ON MARINE STRUCTURES Comm
Page 246 and 247: Member Agencies: United States Coas
Page 248 and 249: ‘ METRIC CONVERSION FACTORS Appro
Page 250 and 251: APPENDIX A REVIEW OF OCEAN ENVIRONM
Page 252 and 253: The most distinctive feature-of a r
Page 254 and 255: s(w) = 2*(4*112) - For a “height
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Page 258 and 259: T: v. Visually Observed Period, or
Page 260 and 261: The characteristic wave heights of
Page 262 and 263: H~ is the significantwave height, a
Page 264 and 265: a = 0.09, for UJ>wm The U value of
Page 266 and 267: H~ is the significant height, ‘m
Page 268 and 269: If the wind duration is less than t
Page 270 and 271: Sample Wave scatter Diagram s 12 +.
Page 272 and 273: Nm is the total number of waves in
Page 274 and 275: turbulence largely a function of te
Page 276 and 277: Applied Wind Speed Vz(t) ft/s (m/s)
Page 278 and 279: A.1O REFERENCES A*I Mechanics of Wa
Page 280: APPENDIX B REVIEW OF LINEAR SYSTEM
Page 283 and 284: Awhite noise function-may be used t
Page 285 and 286: Multiplication of the wave spectrum
Page 287 and 288: B.2.2.2 Response Amplitude Operator
Page 289 and 290: 0.2.3 Wave Spectra The wave spectru
Page 291 and 292: 9 is the acceleration of gravity in
Page 293 and 294: The following is..a. sample...of..a
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is the damping ratio,..the ratio of
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the set of extreme conditions, and
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A response scatter diagram could be
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2.4 2.2 2 1 ‘Sen &-”Swull$p~ctr
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L ‘2
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o Kuang (ReferenceCl) “ o Wordswo
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C.2 STRESS CONCENTRATION FACTOR EQU
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C.3 PARAMETRIC STUDY RESULTS . C.3.
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30. 2s , 20. 15. 10. 5. & wORDSWORT
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ChordSide Brace Side K-Joints SCFU
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Definition of Parameters, Validitv
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-, l— I + ?1 -— I . 4> a ,- I I
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Kuang SCF Computdion 1 L u UI \ f-
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., I , 1- out— FIano SCF m tg n I
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— 6 Smedley-Wordswoti SCF Computa
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T ln— Plan- SCF CrOwn POsltlon o
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C.3.l(C) Kuang Chord SCF’S for T-
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5 Kuang SCF Computation 4 IL u M 3
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C.3.l(d) Smedley-WordsworthChord SC
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. ,i 5 Smedley-Wordsworth SCF Compu
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I I K Out— Plan= SCF —— Saddl
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- 10 Smedley-Wordsworth SCFComputat
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‘\, ?v x out— Plan- SCF ——
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C.3.2(a) Kuang Chord SCF’S for T-
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KuwqSE _im T-joint In%neW UrrdSicko
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C.3.2(b) Smedley-HordsworthChord SC
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T-joint Axial SF Saddle Posiiim
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-— T-joint CtkuHlane ELFSaddlePci
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I 1 1 1 1 ~. l~o ~ ha= 1s0 : ~. ~J
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1 ! ! O.fi ;0.762 %841 0,769 O,= !0
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Ikrdwth-kdlw SF l%quiaiifm K-joint
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hdsmthqwdhy W Camputatim l-joint Ax
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Ejrnnt flkf+lane SF SaddlePmitim ~,
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MAXIMUM PRINCIPAL STRESS SCF = ----
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‘-W, .\ I Ill I : II m -,, !) .
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’ \./ ““’ w~”mm m ““-
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. . I Column L’ Longitudinal Gird
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C.8 Underwater Engineering Group,
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APPENDIX D VORTEX SHEDDING AVOIDANC
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a an b d f“ f ar f~ ‘bmax f~ fn
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D. VORTEX SHEDDING 0.1. INTRODUCTIO
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Vortex Shedding Frequency (f”) fv
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waves. When only isolated members u
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member’s nominal diameter and thi
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\Lf-! of cycles. Thus, the reduced
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s ; J steady current, by substituti
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Step 3: Obtain a new valueof 1/10 b
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vortex shedding will occur, i.e., V
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h. The fatigue life may -be modifie
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NOTE: The relationship given is bas
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CELL C7: KINEMATIC VISCOSITY = U CE
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COLUMN N: THE STRESS AMPLITUDE IS C
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D.8.3 Devices and Spoilers Devices
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D*9 REFERENCES D.1 King, R., “A R
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Fint Insmbility Rtgion I !%mmd Inat
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.—____ *U.S. E.P.O. :1993-343-273
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COMMllTEE ON MARINE STRUCTURES Comm
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4!! . ,—.-.,
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