European Journal of Medical Research - Deutsche AIDS ...

June 27, 2007 EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
41
pre- and post-intervention phases was obtained. Economic estimates
were used to design the studies: The (moderate) costs
of applying effectless interventions (type-I-error rate) and the
(very high) theoretical costs of new HIV-infections without
the intervention (type-II-error rate) were “translated” into designs
with increased levels of significance (up to 30 %),
which is unusual in conventional experimentation.
Results: An effect of the intervention could be detected.
Model estimations showed that between 2 and 8 HIV-infections
were prevented by the intervention in the period
from1998 to 2005, and thus had saved costs up to 5.9 million
Euros, with project costs of 30.000,--.
Conclusions: The current practice of an arbitrary specification
of error rates may result in wrong decisions with the
detrimental consequence of stopping effective interventions.
Thus, an interdiscipinary strategy for specifying an appropriate
level of significance was developed, by combining psychological
methodology and health economics. The risk of
“reporting effects that don’t exist“ and the risk of “failing to
see existing effects“ are balanced by using the monetary values
of each error’s respective consequences. In general, even
very small effects “pay for the investment” in HIV prevention,
but such effects often can not be detected when conventional
levels of significance are used.
A.40 (Poster)
„ … aber sicher. Informationen für Jugendliche zu
Liebe, Sexualität und AIDS“ – Schüler schreiben
und gestalten eine Informationsbroschüre für
Schüler
Krause K. 1
1 AIDS-AUFKLÄRUNG e.V., Frankfurt, Germany
Fragestellung: Werden Jugendliche gezielter angesprochen,
wenn sie an der Erarbeitung von Informationsmaterialien
beteiligt sind? Die heutige Informationsflut macht eine Selektion
nach Gehalt und Bedeutung schwierig und das nicht nur
für Jugendliche. Auf den ersten Blick müssen sich Jugendliche
angesprochen fühlen und die Thematik erkennen
können. In der entwickelten Schüler-Broschüre lassen sich
schnell die wichtigsten Informationen zu HIV und AIDS finden.
Sie bietet einen Überblick, ohne Panik zu machen. Trotz
des ernsten Themas soll das Besondere der ersten Liebe erhalten
bleiben. Die jugendgerechte Gestaltung regt zum Nachdenken
und zur Auseinandersetzung mit dem Thema an. In
den Medien sind Bilder die Schlüsselreize bei der Aufnahme
von neuen Informationen. Ergo: will man Informationen/Fakten
transportieren, braucht man (zielgruppengerechte) Bilder.
Diese wurden für die Broschüre gemeinsam mit den Schülern
entwickelt.
Methoden: Projektarbeit als intensive Auseinandersetzung
mit dem Thema an sich: Einstimmungsphase – Umsetzungsphase
– Fertigstellungsphase. Schüler werden zu Multiplikatoren.
Entwicklung einer jugendgerechten Informationsbroschüre:
die Schüler arbeiteten als Texter, Organisatoren
und Graphiker.
Ergebnisse: Präsentation einer zielgruppengerechten Informationsbroschüre.
Es werden die ersten Ergebnisse nach
sechs Monaten Befragung/Rückmeldung von Schülern in verschiedenen
Schulen dargestellt.
Schlussfolgerungen: Diskussion darüber, wie man solch ein
Broschüren-Projekt mit Schülern durchführen kann. Zielgruppengerechte
Informationsmaterialien zu HIV/AIDS sind ein
deutlicher Punkt im Bereich der Aufklärung. Dennoch: diese
Art der Zusammenarbeit mit einer Zielgruppe ist
zeitaufwendig und deshalb wahrscheinlich nicht überall umsetzbar.
A.41 (Poster)
Seroprevalence of HIV infection among patients
attending the pre-pregnancy class at prenatal
diagnosis and therapy centre, college of medicine,
University of Lagos. A nine years review
Ajayi G. 1 , Omilabu S. 1 , Alamu D. 1 , Balogun Y. 1 , Badaru S. 1
1 Prenatal Diagnosis and Therapy Center, Tertiary Hospital,
Lagos, Nigeria
Objective: To study the sero prevalence of HIV infection in
the pre-pregnancy period in a tertiary care centre in Lagos.
Setting: Prenatal Diagnosis and Therapy Centre of a Tertiary
Hospital in Lagos.
Design: A cross sectional study.
Materials and methods: Blood samples of males and females
referred to pre-pregnancy class with written consent
were collected and tested for HIV antibodies between 1997
and 2005. Only those who are HIV sero positive were included
in this study. Partners of sero positive were also counseled
and tested. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test.
Result: Out of a total of n=1886 screened, n=73 (3.87%) were
found to be sero reactive or sero positive. The highest sero
prevalence of HIV was in the year 2004 with (n=17) 9.39%.
The majority of sero active n=39 were in the age group 26-35
years. The total male: female ratio was 1:2.7(20:53).
Conclusion: In the present study, sero prevalence of HIV infections
was found to be high (3.87%) among pre-pregnancy
class in Lagos. There is need to reduce this high prevalence
by targeting an intervention program towards high risk and
vulnerable groups in the society. Apart from these patients attending
such pre-pregnancy class, patients should consider
this and be screened before and after any procedure.
A.42 (Poster)
Effect of Zinc therapy in HIV positive pregnancies
Ajayi G. 1 , Omilabu S. 1 , Alamu D. 1 , Balogun Y. 1 ,
Badaru S. 1
1 Prenatal Diagnosis and Therapy Center, Tertiary Hospital,
Lagos, Nigeria
Objective: To measure the concentration of Zinc in HIV positive
pregnant women and the effect of Zinc replacement therapy.
Design: Longitudinal Study
Setting: Prenatal Diagnosis and Therapy Centre in Tertiary
Hospital in Lagos.
Materials and methods: In HIV positive patients, Zinc concentrations
were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
(AAS) and patients were treated with 20-
30mgZn/day orally for an average of 10 weeks apart from the
Antiretroviral drug they were on.
Result: Zinc concentration improved and was accompanied
by a statistically significant increase from 0.846 to
1.031mg/ml or 84.6 to 1031mg/l (9ppm)
Conclusion: Our result shows that trace element deficiency of
Zinc is present in HIV positive patients and correlates with
the CD4 count. The effect of adjuvant Zinc replacement therapy
should be recommended.