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Single-Particle Electrodynamics - Assassination Science

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On the other hand, for a Pauli moment only, and no electric charge, we<br />

effectively have |g| → ∞, and hence<br />

g − 1<br />

g<br />

= 1.<br />

∣ Pauli only<br />

Thus, the factor (g − 1)/g in front of a term tells us that, for the anomalous<br />

part of the magnetic moment, the term is fully manifested; but for the Dirac<br />

part of the magnetic moment, it is reduced by a factor of one-half.<br />

Let us first consider the factor (g−1)/g in the Hamiltonian (4.77): it is the<br />

best-known appearance of this factor. It represents, of course, the Thomas<br />

precession reduction of the spin-orbit coupling of the electron, that allows<br />

the g = 2 electron to still have the correct energy levels in the hydrogen<br />

atom [213, 214]. As such, it is highly desirable, and it was an early success of<br />

the Dirac equation that it should yield this relativistic effect automatically.<br />

Naturally, this factor of (g − 1)/g propagates through from the Hamiltonian<br />

to the Heisenberg equations of motion. Of fundamental concern is its<br />

presence in the relation between the canonical and mechanical momentum<br />

operators, equation (4.78).<br />

(The keeping of terms up to order m 0 essentially<br />

places us in the rest frame of the particle; i.e., terms of order v are<br />

neglected.) One can already begin to sense the incorrectness of the identification<br />

“p” for md t x, by realising that a purely kinematical effect—the<br />

Thomas precession—is purporting to modify the dynamical definition of extended<br />

minimal coupling [11].<br />

But the clincher comes when one examines in turn the equation of motion<br />

for this “p” operator, namely, equation (4.79): we find that a proportion<br />

(g − 1)/g of this equation is given by the accepted equation of motion for<br />

a magnetic moment, while the remaining 1/g of it is the rejected equation<br />

of motion! This nonsensical result is of course a result of the destruction,<br />

implied by (4.78), of the extended minimal coupling between p and b.<br />

It has been pointed out by Wignall [236] that, were this to be true, it<br />

168

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