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Single-Particle Electrodynamics - Assassination Science

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A.3.17<br />

Orders<br />

For the purposes of this thesis, the terminology surrounding the term order<br />

is defined as follows:<br />

A term T is said to be “of order f(A)”, where f(A) is some function f of<br />

some quantity A, if, were T to have its (implicit or explicit) dependencies on<br />

A written out explicitly, the resulting explicitly-written term would, when<br />

simplified, contain a factor of f(A), and no other dependency on A.<br />

If the function f(A) is a power A n of A, then T may be simply said to be<br />

“of order n in A”. The power n may, in general, be of arbitrary type, but in<br />

practice it is usually integral.<br />

If unambiguous, the term T may be simply said to be “of order n”,<br />

without explicitly mentioning A, if the preceding context makes it clear that<br />

it is the order of A that is being discussed.<br />

An expression E is said to be “of order n” in some quantity A if the<br />

lowest (highest) order in A of any of its terms is n; the choice of whether it<br />

is the lowest or highest order depends on the application.<br />

An expression E is said to be “expanded to order n in A” if all of the<br />

terms in E with order in A less than (greater than) or equal to n are written<br />

out explicitly, and the remaining terms—if any—replaced with the symbol<br />

+ O(A m ), (A.20)<br />

where m is the lowest (highest) order in A of the omitted terms. If E contains<br />

no terms of higher (lower) order in A than n, then the symbol +O(A m ) shall<br />

not be used.<br />

A.3.18<br />

Covariance<br />

Consider the “G” group, where “G” stands for the name of the person or<br />

other object that the group is named after. Any arbitrary mathematical<br />

quantity that transforms as a representation of the G group is referred to<br />

335

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