Human Settlements Review - Parliamentary Monitoring Group

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Human Settlements Review, Volume 1, Number 1, 2010 • Cob Examples of cob architecture can be found in Tulbach. After the earthquake of 29 September 1969, in which the largest portion of the main street of Tulbach was almost ruined, Dr Gawie Fagan, who conducted the restoration, found that the walls of the houses were made of cob. Figure 6: Historic houses restored in Church Street, Tulbach Cob walls were also used in the construction of the early Free State houses (Pretorius 1997:134). When a farm became a more permanent residence, stone and sun-dried blocks were used for construction (Pretorius 1997:134). • Sods The earth sods were cut and left to dry. They were then laid in a shallow trough, with the grass facing the ground. Each layer was placed, using mud as an adhesive, or sometimes the sods were dry-stacked (Labuschagne 1998:27). South Africa has a rich earth-building tradition regarding the different techniques, locations and soil types, as well as the country’s different cultures. What is possibly even more important is the fact that, in the various earth-building traditions of the people of this country, more similarities than differences can be observed. 3.2 Contemporary sustainable earth buildings in South Africa During recent years different groups started experimenting with alternative materials and construction methods in South Africa. The word “alternative” is applied to materials and techniques not part of mainstream building practices. Many of the buildings may not constitute great architecture but they have played a noteworthy role regarding the criteria of sustainability. 204
Human Settlements Review, Volume 1, Number 1, 2010 3.2.1 The Cape Province The Alliance Française building in Cape Town, designed by ACG Architects and Development Planners, provides the venue for a language school. The process followed promoted the use of compressed earth blocks in a contemporary building. This project provided economic opportunities and skills-training for the surrounding community (SA Digest, 2000:90). Figure 7: Exterior (a) and interior (b) views of the Alliance Française building in Cape Town 3.2.2 The Free State The Unit for Earth Construction (UEC) which is part of the Department of Architecture at the UFS has constructed several experimental buildings since 1995. These include a prototype house, ablution facilities for sports grounds, daycare centers for pre-school children, a large multi-purpose hall and a tourist centre. Stabilised adobe and compressed earth blocks were used for these buildings. Training of unskilled small builders and students comprised a large part of these projects. Figure 8: Three projects by the UEC: (a) and (b) day care centers in Bloemfontein and (c) a tourism craft center in Gariep Dam. 3.2.3 The Northern Cape The South African Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) – the main research instituttion in the country – launched a project entitled Thube Makote, with the aim of building a school in each of the nine provinces. One of the requirements was the use of locallyproduced materials. In a project entailing the construction of a school in Bankhara Budolong near Kuruman a part of this project was realised with the help of The Unit for Earth Construction at the UFS. A group of people from the community received training in the production of compressed earth blocks and the contractor bought the bricks from them. 205
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Human Settlements Review - Parliamentary Monitoring Group

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