India: Effects of Tariffs and Nontariff Measures on U.S. ... - USITC

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———. Ministry <strong>of</strong> Finance. Central Board <strong>of</strong> Excise <strong>and</strong> Customs. Customs Tariff Notification No. 101/2007-Customs, September 11, 2007. http://www.cbec.gov.in/customs/csact/notifications/notfns-2k7/cs101-2k7.htm. ———. Ministry <strong>of</strong> Finance. Central Board <strong>of</strong> Excise <strong>and</strong> Customs. Customs Tariff Notification No. 27/2009-Customs, March 24, 2009. http://www.cbec.gov.in/customs/cs-act/notifications/notfns- 2k9/cs27-2k9.htm. ———. Ministry <strong>of</strong> Finance. Central Board <strong>of</strong> Excise <strong>and</strong> Customs. Customs Tariff Notification No. 28/2009-Customs, March 26, 2009. http://www.cbec.gov.in/customs/cs-act/notifications/notfns- 2k9/cs28-2k9.htm. ———. Ministry <strong>of</strong> Finance. Union Budget 2005–2006: Customs <strong>and</strong> Central Excise Notifications, Explanatory Notes (Customs), 2005. ———. Ministry <strong>of</strong> Finance Union Budget 2006–2007: Customs <strong>and</strong> Central Excise Notifications, Explanatory Notes (Customs), 2006. ———. Ministry <strong>of</strong> Finance. Union Budget 2008–2009: Customs <strong>and</strong> Central Excise Notifications, Explanatory Notes (Customs), 2008. ———. Ministry <strong>of</strong> Finance. Union Budget 2009–2010, Abstract <strong>of</strong> Receipts. http://indiabudget.nic.in/ub2009-10/rec/sum.pdf (accessed August 17, 2009). ———. Planning Commission. Eleventh Five Year Plan, 2007–12. vol. 3, 2008. Agriculture, Rural Development, Industry, Services, <strong>and</strong> Physical Infrastructure, 2008. New Delhi: Oxford, 2008. http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/planrel/fiveyr/11th/11_v3/11th_vol3.pdf. Govindan, A. <strong>India</strong>: The <strong>India</strong>n Budget 2006/07; Agricultural Highlights 2006. GAIN Report no. IN6017. U.S. Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture, Foreign Agriculture Service, March 1, 2006. ———. <strong>India</strong>: Grain <strong>and</strong> Feed; Annual, 2008. GAIN Report no. IN8015. U.S. Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture, Foreign Agriculture Service, February 20, 2008. ———. <strong>India</strong>: Grain <strong>and</strong> Feed; Annual, 2009. GAIN Report no. IN9025. U.S. Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture, Foreign Agriculture Service, February 20, 2009. ———. <strong>India</strong>: Grain <strong>and</strong> Feed; Quarterly Lock-Up Report, May, 2008. GAIN Report no. IN8045. U.S. Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture, Foreign Agriculture Service, May 6, 2008. ———. <strong>India</strong>: Oilseeds <strong>and</strong> Products; Annual, 2006. GAIN Report No., IN6042. U.S. Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture, Foreign Agriculture Service, May 15, 2006. Hertel, T. W. (editor). Global Trade Analysis: Modeling <strong>and</strong> Applications. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1997. Hertel, T. W., <strong>and</strong> R. Keeney. “What Is at Stake: The Relative Importance <strong>of</strong> Import Barriers, Export Subsidies <strong>and</strong> Domestic Support.” In Agricultural Trade Reform <strong>and</strong> the Doha Development Agenda, edited by K. Anderson <strong>and</strong> W. Martin. Washington, DC: World Bank, 2006. <strong>India</strong>n Express.com. “Government Allows Duty-Free Rice Imports, Cuts Rate on Edible Oils,” March 21, 2008. http://www.indianexpress.com/news/govt-allows-dutyfree-rice-imports-cuts-rat/286964/. 5-22
<strong>India</strong>n Express.com. “Excise Duty Drops from 16% to 8% in One Year,” February 25, 2009. http://www.indianexpress.com/news/excise-duty-drops-from-16-to-8-in-one-year/427780/. JBC International Inc. Comprehensive Study <strong>of</strong> the <strong>India</strong>n Wine Market, August 21, 2008. Narayanan, Bradri, <strong>and</strong> Terrie, Walmsley, eds. Global Trade, Assistance, <strong>and</strong> Production: The GTAP 7 Data Base. Center for Global Trade Analysis, Purdue University, 2008. Northwest Horticulture Council (NHC). Written submission to the U.S. International Trade Commission in connection with inv. No 332-504, <strong>India</strong>: <strong>Effects</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tariffs</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Nontariff</strong> <strong>Measures</strong> on U.S. Agricultural Exports, June 24, 2009. P<strong>and</strong>a, M., <strong>and</strong> A. Ganesh-Kumar. “Trade Liberalization, Poverty <strong>and</strong> Food Security in <strong>India</strong>.” Working Paper no. WP-2008-013. Mumbai: Indira G<strong>and</strong>hi Institute <strong>of</strong> Development Research, June 2008. http://www.igidr.ac.in/pdf/publication/WP-2008-013.pdf. P<strong>and</strong>a, M., <strong>and</strong> J. Quizon. “Growth <strong>and</strong> Distribution under Trade Liberalization in <strong>India</strong>.” In Trade <strong>and</strong> Industry: Essays by NIPFP-Ford Foundation Fellows, edited by A. Guha, K. L. Krishna, <strong>and</strong> A. K. Lahiri. New Delhi: National Institute <strong>of</strong> Public Finance <strong>and</strong> Policy, 2001. Priyadarshi, Shishir. “Decision-Making Processes in <strong>India</strong>: The Case <strong>of</strong> the Agriculture Negotiations.” Managing the Challenges <strong>of</strong> WTO Participation, Case Study 15. World Trade Organization. http://www.wto.org/english/res_e/booksp_e/casestudies_e/case15_e.htm. Polaski, S., A. Ganesh-Kumar, S. McDonald, M. P<strong>and</strong>a, <strong>and</strong> S. Robinson. <strong>India</strong>’s Trade Policy Choices: Managing Diverse Challenges. Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2008. RTTNews. “<strong>India</strong>-Mercosur Trade to Touch $10 Bln. In 5-years,” June 4, 2009. http://www.dailymarkets.com/stocks/2009/06/04/india-mercosur-trade-to-touch-10-bln-in-5-years. Saffron. “<strong>India</strong>n Flowers! Backward Flip.” Connect October 8, 2008. http://www.indodutchconnect.com/newsletter/8-oct-08/indian_flower.html. Sen, Amiti. “<strong>India</strong> Gets Kinder ASEAN Duty Cuts.” Economic Times, June 6, 2009. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/News/Economy/Foreign-Trade/<strong>India</strong>-gets-kinder-Ase<strong>and</strong>uty-cuts/articleshow/4623381.cms. Shunmugan,V. <strong>India</strong>: Oilseeds <strong>and</strong> Products; <strong>India</strong> Revises Tariff Rates <strong>and</strong> Reference Prices <strong>of</strong> Palm Oil <strong>and</strong> Products. GAIN Report No. IN5033. U.S. Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service, April 5, 2005. ———. <strong>India</strong>: Oilseeds <strong>and</strong> Products; <strong>India</strong>n Government Increases Reference Prices <strong>of</strong> Edible Oils, 2005. GAIN Report no. IN5111. U.S. Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service, October 5, 2005. U.S.-<strong>India</strong> Business Council (USIBC). Written submission to the U.S. International Trade Commission in connection with inv. No. 332-504, <strong>India</strong>: <strong>Effects</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tariffs</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Nontariff</strong> <strong>Measures</strong> on U.S. Agriculture Exports, June 26, 2009. U.S. Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture (USDA). Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS). <strong>India</strong>-Agriculture Economy <strong>and</strong> Policy Report, January 2009. 5-23
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United States International Trade C
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U.S. International Trade Commission
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Abstract This report describes <str
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TABLE ES.1 India:
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U.S. agricultural products face str
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U.S. Foreign Direct Investment U.S.
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CONTENTS Page Abstract ............
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CONTENTS―Continued Chapter 6 <str
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CONTENTS―Continued Figures 1.1. <
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ACRONYMS AND TERMS AAY Antodaya Ann
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ACRONYMS AND TERMS—Continued RGGV
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TABLE 1.1 India: A
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FIGURE 1.1 India:
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India’s central
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Despite their weak economic pr<stro
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Approach Current India</str
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Bibliography Birner, Regina, Surupt
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World Bank. Agriculture for Develop
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FIGURE 2.1 India:
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TABLE 2.1 India: A
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FIGURE 2.3 India:
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premium); (2) India</strong
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include government export restricti
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TABLE 2.3 India: A
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FIGURE 2.6 India:
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Exports by Major Trading Partner <s
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CHAPTER 3 Domestic Consumption Over
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TABLE 3.2 India: P
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more likely to have been exposed to
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BOX 3.3 Indian Con
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TABLE 3.3 India: T
Page 67 and 68: are expected to see income growth <
Page 69 and 70: Food Preferences India</str
Page 71 and 72: Regional Variation Geographic <stro
Page 73 and 74: CCC. “Know India
Page 75 and 76: CHAPTER 4 Indian A
Page 77 and 78: For most crops, however, In
Page 79 and 80: The Farm Sector soybeans 29 —but
Page 81 and 82: Food processing in India</s
Page 83 and 84: BOX 4.1 The Central Government’s
Page 85 and 86: BOX 4.2 Does the Minimum Support Pr
Page 87 and 88: August 3, 2009, New Delhi announced
Page 89 and 90: known as zamindars, have doubled or
Page 91 and 92: that the PFA Act was strictly enfor
Page 93 and 94: ———. Bharat Nirman: A Time-Bo
Page 95 and 96: Organisation for Economic Co-operat
Page 97 and 98: CHAPTER 5 TARIFFS Overview
Page 99 and 100: sensitive. They include vegetable f
Page 101 and 102: wholly milled rice and</str
Page 103 and 104: The Indian governm
Page 105 and 106: India also reporte
Page 107 and 108: Reference Prices Reference prices,
Page 109 and 110: Landing Fees <stro
Page 111 and 112: Simulated Effects
Page 113 and 114: and nuts” by $0.
Page 115 and 116: 5-19 TABLE 5.4 India</stron
Page 117: Bibliography Acharya, Keya. “Thor
Page 121 and 122: CHAPTER 6 Nontariff</strong
Page 123 and 124: foreign sources. 6 For example, SPS
Page 125 and 126: BOX 6.1 Milk and M
Page 127 and 128: BOX 6.2 Wheat—Continued Yet, <str
Page 129 and 130: perpetuated continuously. The impor
Page 131 and 132: notices that must be integrated wit
Page 133 and 134: import corn under the TRQ is too bu
Page 135 and 136: Customs Procedures India</s
Page 137 and 138: Corruption Interests within <strong
Page 139 and 140: TABLE 6.2 India: E
Page 141 and 142: Bibliography American Apparel <stro
Page 143 and 144: Mattson, Jeremy W., Won, W. Koo, <s
Page 145: ———. 2009 National Trade Esti
Page 148 and 149: TABLE 7.1 India: C
Page 150 and 151: First Point of Sal
Page 152 and 153: Private mandis Som
Page 154 and 155: approximately 65 million households
Page 156 and 157: 7-10 TABLE 7.2 India</stron
Page 158 and 159: poor communications infrastructure
Page 160 and 161: limited popularity with farmers bec
Page 162 and 163: The lack of infras
Page 164 and 165: found that 39 percent of</s
Page 166 and 167: Bibliography Banerjee, A. Dairying
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Tiwari, Shri Rajendra Kumar. “Pos
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FDI Regulations and</strong
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TABLE 8.2 India: A
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Food Processing and</strong
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There is not necessarily a strong l
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For processing of
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BOX 8.3 Restrictions on Foreign Joi
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Under certain circumstances, FDI ca
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commenced. States tend to be quick
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Bibliography Bahn, Niti, an
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International Center for Alcohol Po
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Structure of the <
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BOX 9.1 The UPOV System for Plant V
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that the public sector in I
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Whether this situation will soon ch
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The U.S.-India Bus
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eggplant, which began field trials
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Maskus, Keith E. “Intellectual Pr
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APPENDIX A REQUEST LETTER
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The Honorable Sham L. Arano
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cprice-sewell on PRODPC61 with NOTI
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APPENDIX C HEARING WITNESSES
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ORGANIZATION AND WITNESS: Tuttle Ta
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Summary of Views <
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advertising and pr
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highest in the Asia-Pacific region.
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to U.S. exports to India</s
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transparent sanitary regulations th
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hotel and catering
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Western Pistachio Association 26 In
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APPENDIX E POTENTIAL FOR U.S. AGRIC
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E-4 TABLE E.1 India</strong
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APPENDIX F INDIAN AGRICULTURAL PROD
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TABLE F.1 India: A
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FIGURE F.1 India:
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is in nonirrigated areas with yield
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Consumption India
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efrigeration. This characteristic i
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70 percent of tota
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eportedly preferred in southern <st
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Cotton During MY 2003/04-2007/08, <
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Government of <str
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APPENDIX G UNION AND STATE/UNION TE
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certain agricultural goods in the p
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Bibliography Chaulan, Shri U.K. “
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Simulation Framework The effects <s
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Producers determine the optimal sup
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Applied ad valorem tariff equivalen
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We considered the possibility that
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Estimation of <str
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Bibliography Anderson, Kym, Mariann
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