India: Effects of Tariffs and Nontariff Measures on U.S. ... - USITC

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Global Trade Information Service, Inc. (GTIS). World Trade Atlas Database (accessed November 3, 2009). Government <strong>of</strong> <strong>India</strong>. Ministry <strong>of</strong> Commerce <strong>and</strong> Industry. Department <strong>of</strong> Commerce. “Foreign Trade Policy 2004–2009,” April 11, 2008. http://164.100.9.245/exim/2000/policy/ftpplcontents2008.pdf. ———. Ministry <strong>of</strong> Commerce <strong>and</strong> Industry. Department <strong>of</strong> Commerce. “Import <strong>of</strong> Sensitive Items,” n.d. http://commerce.nic.in/tradestats/import.aspid=3 (accessed September 22, 2009). ———. Ministry <strong>of</strong> Commerce <strong>and</strong> Industry. Department <strong>of</strong> Commerce. “PEC-Ltd.—Company Overview,” n.d. http://www.peclimited.com/overview.htm (accessed June 9, 2009). ———. National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation <strong>of</strong> <strong>India</strong> Ltd. (NAFED). “International Trade <strong>of</strong> Nafed,” n.d. http://www.nafed-india.com/international-trade.asp (accessed June 10, 2009). ———. State Trading Corporation <strong>of</strong> <strong>India</strong> Limited (STC), n.d. http://money.newkerala.com/companypr<strong>of</strong>ile-id-16610053.00.html (accessed June 9, 2009). ———. State Trading Corporation <strong>of</strong> <strong>India</strong> Limited (STC). “Imports Into <strong>India</strong>,” n.d. http://stc.gov.in/import.htm (accessed June 10, 2009). Govindan, A. <strong>India</strong>: Grain <strong>and</strong> Feed; Annual, 2008. GAIN Report no. IN8015. U.S. Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service, February 20, 2008. ———. <strong>India</strong>: Grain <strong>and</strong> Feed; Annual, 2009. GAIN Report no. IN9025. U.S. Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service, February 20, 2009. ———. <strong>India</strong>: Grain <strong>and</strong> Feed: Quarterly Lock-up Report; May, 2008. GAIN Report no. IN8045. U.S. Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service, May 6, 2008. Hindu Business Line. “Beware the Palm Oil Cartel,” March 12, 2004. http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2004/03/12/stories/2004031200070800.htm. ———. “Bt Brinjal: No Outst<strong>and</strong>ing Bio-safety Issues,” July 17, 2009. http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2009/07/18/stories/2009071850631602.htm. Hoque, Anwarul. “<strong>India</strong> Relaxes Restraints on Agricultural Imports.” Agricultural Outlook, November 2000, 13–17. http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/agoutlook/nov2000/nov2000e.pdf. Indonesian Commercial Newsletter. “Indonesia—<strong>India</strong> Agrees on Counter Trade,” March 26, 2002. Kulkarni, Parashar. “Non-Tariff Barriers <strong>and</strong> NAMA Negotiations.” Centad Hong Kong Series, no. 1 (September 2005). Kumar, Pranav, Ch<strong>and</strong>an Mukherjee, <strong>and</strong> Simi TB. “Negotiations on Non-Tariff Barriers under NAMA: The Major South Asian Concerns.” CUTS International Briefing Paper SAFIT-II 5/2007, May 2007. http://www.cuts-citee.org/pdf/BP07-WTO-13.pdf. Kurtzman, Joel, <strong>and</strong> Glenn Yago. “Opacity Index 2007–2008: Measuring Global Business Risks,” April 2008. http://www.milkeninstitute.org/pdf/2008OpacityIndex.pdf. 6-22
Mattson, Jeremy W., Won, W. Koo, <strong>and</strong> Richard D. Taylor. “Non-Tariff Trade Barriers in Agriculture.” Agribusiness <strong>and</strong> Applied Economics Report no. 531, Center for Agricultural Policy <strong>and</strong> Trade Studies, University <strong>of</strong> North Dakota, March 2004. http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/23501/1/aer531.pdf. Mohanty, Deba R. “Offsets in <strong>India</strong>n Defence Sector.” Economic Times, May 22, 2009. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/Opinion/Offsets-in-<strong>India</strong>n-defencesector/articleshow/4562512.cms. National Corn Growers Association (NCGA). Written submission to the U.S. International Trade Commission in connection with inv. no. 332-504, <strong>India</strong>: <strong>Effects</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tariffs</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Nontariff</strong> <strong>Measures</strong> on U.S. Agricultural Exports, June 19, 2009. National Foreign Trade Council. “Bill Reinsch’s Speech on Impact <strong>of</strong> Corruption on Global Business,” September 17, 2008. http://www.nftc.org/newsflash/newsflash.aspMode=View&articleid=1987&Category=All. Northwest Horticultural Council (NHC). Written submission to the U.S. International Trade Commission in connection with inv. no. 332-504, <strong>India</strong>: <strong>Effects</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tariffs</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Nontariff</strong> <strong>Measures</strong> on U.S. Agricultural Exports, June 24, 2009. Nicita, Aless<strong>and</strong>ro. “Non Tariff <strong>Measures</strong>.” Presentation at “Data Day at the WTO,” Geneva, May 18, 2009, http://www.wto.org/english/res_e/statis_e/data_day_may09_e/nicita_e.ppt. Organisation for Economic Co-operation <strong>and</strong> Development (OECD). Agricultural Policies in Emerging Economies 2009: Monitoring <strong>and</strong> Evaluation. Paris: OECD, 2009. ———. “Analysis <strong>of</strong> Non-Tariff <strong>Measures</strong>: The Case <strong>of</strong> Labelling.” TC/TC/WP(2002)40/FINAL. Paris: OECD, November 13, 2003. http://www.olis.oecd.org/olis/2002doc.nsf/LinkTo/NT00004A22/$FILE/JT00153610.PDF. Raghavan, Chakravarthi. “St<strong>and</strong>-<strong>of</strong>f on New Round <strong>and</strong> Services Issues.” IFDA, July 9, 1984. http://www.sunsonline.org/trade/areas/services/07120084.htm. Reuters. “<strong>India</strong> Steps Up Countertrade Deals to Cut Trade Gap,” n.d. http://cpansearch.perl.org/src/KWILLIAMS/reuters-21578/training/10268 (accessed June 11, 2009). Rochette, Peggy S. Association <strong>of</strong> Food, Beverage <strong>and</strong> Consumer Products Companies, to Gloria Blue, U.S. Department <strong>of</strong> Commerce, November 6, 2008. ———. Food Processors Association (FPA), to Michael Riedel, U.S. Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service, January 17, 2006. ———. FPA, to Directorate General <strong>of</strong> Health Services, Government <strong>of</strong> <strong>India</strong>, July 30, 2008. ———. International Council <strong>of</strong> Grocery Manufacturer Associations (ICGMA) to Dr. Chattapadhya, Ministry <strong>of</strong> Health, Government <strong>of</strong> <strong>India</strong>, September 30, 2008. Robertson, Robert E. “Biotechnology: Information on Prices <strong>of</strong> Genetically Modified Seeds in the United States <strong>and</strong> Argentina.” GAO/T-RCED/NSIAD-00-228, June 29, 2000. http://www.gao.gov/archive/2000/r400228t.pdf. 6-23
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United States International Trade C
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U.S. International Trade Commission
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Abstract This report describes <str
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TABLE ES.1 India:
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U.S. agricultural products face str
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U.S. Foreign Direct Investment U.S.
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CONTENTS Page Abstract ............
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CONTENTS―Continued Chapter 6 <str
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CONTENTS―Continued Figures 1.1. <
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ACRONYMS AND TERMS AAY Antodaya Ann
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ACRONYMS AND TERMS—Continued RGGV
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TABLE 1.1 India: A
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FIGURE 1.1 India:
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India’s central
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Despite their weak economic pr<stro
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Approach Current India</str
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Bibliography Birner, Regina, Surupt
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World Bank. Agriculture for Develop
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FIGURE 2.1 India:
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TABLE 2.1 India: A
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FIGURE 2.3 India:
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premium); (2) India</strong
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include government export restricti
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TABLE 2.3 India: A
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FIGURE 2.6 India:
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Exports by Major Trading Partner <s
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CHAPTER 3 Domestic Consumption Over
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TABLE 3.2 India: P
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more likely to have been exposed to
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BOX 3.3 Indian Con
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TABLE 3.3 India: T
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are expected to see income growth <
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Food Preferences India</str
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Regional Variation Geographic <stro
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CCC. “Know India
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CHAPTER 4 Indian A
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For most crops, however, In
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The Farm Sector soybeans 29 —but
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Food processing in India</s
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BOX 4.1 The Central Government’s
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BOX 4.2 Does the Minimum Support Pr
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August 3, 2009, New Delhi announced
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known as zamindars, have doubled or
Page 91 and 92: that the PFA Act was strictly enfor
Page 93 and 94: ———. Bharat Nirman: A Time-Bo
Page 95 and 96: Organisation for Economic Co-operat
Page 97 and 98: CHAPTER 5 TARIFFS Overview
Page 99 and 100: sensitive. They include vegetable f
Page 101 and 102: wholly milled rice and</str
Page 103 and 104: The Indian governm
Page 105 and 106: India also reporte
Page 107 and 108: Reference Prices Reference prices,
Page 109 and 110: Landing Fees <stro
Page 111 and 112: Simulated Effects
Page 113 and 114: and nuts” by $0.
Page 115 and 116: 5-19 TABLE 5.4 India</stron
Page 117 and 118: Bibliography Acharya, Keya. “Thor
Page 119 and 120: Indian Express.com
Page 121 and 122: CHAPTER 6 Nontariff</strong
Page 123 and 124: foreign sources. 6 For example, SPS
Page 125 and 126: BOX 6.1 Milk and M
Page 127 and 128: BOX 6.2 Wheat—Continued Yet, <str
Page 129 and 130: perpetuated continuously. The impor
Page 131 and 132: notices that must be integrated wit
Page 133 and 134: import corn under the TRQ is too bu
Page 135 and 136: Customs Procedures India</s
Page 137 and 138: Corruption Interests within <strong
Page 139 and 140: TABLE 6.2 India: E
Page 141: Bibliography American Apparel <stro
Page 145: ———. 2009 National Trade Esti
Page 148 and 149: TABLE 7.1 India: C
Page 150 and 151: First Point of Sal
Page 152 and 153: Private mandis Som
Page 154 and 155: approximately 65 million households
Page 156 and 157: 7-10 TABLE 7.2 India</stron
Page 158 and 159: poor communications infrastructure
Page 160 and 161: limited popularity with farmers bec
Page 162 and 163: The lack of infras
Page 164 and 165: found that 39 percent of</s
Page 166 and 167: Bibliography Banerjee, A. Dairying
Page 168 and 169: Tiwari, Shri Rajendra Kumar. “Pos
Page 170 and 171: FDI Regulations and</strong
Page 172 and 173: TABLE 8.2 India: A
Page 174 and 175: Food Processing and</strong
Page 176 and 177: There is not necessarily a strong l
Page 178 and 179: For processing of
Page 180 and 181: BOX 8.3 Restrictions on Foreign Joi
Page 182 and 183: Under certain circumstances, FDI ca
Page 184 and 185: commenced. States tend to be quick
Page 186 and 187: Bibliography Bahn, Niti, an
Page 188 and 189: International Center for Alcohol Po
Page 190 and 191: Structure of the <
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BOX 9.1 The UPOV System for Plant V
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that the public sector in I
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Whether this situation will soon ch
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The U.S.-India Bus
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eggplant, which began field trials
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Maskus, Keith E. “Intellectual Pr
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APPENDIX A REQUEST LETTER
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The Honorable Sham L. Arano
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cprice-sewell on PRODPC61 with NOTI
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APPENDIX C HEARING WITNESSES
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ORGANIZATION AND WITNESS: Tuttle Ta
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Summary of Views <
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advertising and pr
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highest in the Asia-Pacific region.
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to U.S. exports to India</s
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transparent sanitary regulations th
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hotel and catering
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Western Pistachio Association 26 In
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APPENDIX E POTENTIAL FOR U.S. AGRIC
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E-4 TABLE E.1 India</strong
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APPENDIX F INDIAN AGRICULTURAL PROD
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TABLE F.1 India: A
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FIGURE F.1 India:
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is in nonirrigated areas with yield
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Consumption India
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efrigeration. This characteristic i
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70 percent of tota
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eportedly preferred in southern <st
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Cotton During MY 2003/04-2007/08, <
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Government of <str
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APPENDIX G UNION AND STATE/UNION TE
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certain agricultural goods in the p
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Bibliography Chaulan, Shri U.K. “
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Simulation Framework The effects <s
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Producers determine the optimal sup
Page 277 and 278:
Applied ad valorem tariff equivalen
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We considered the possibility that
Page 281 and 282:
Estimation of <str
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Bibliography Anderson, Kym, Mariann
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