India: Effects of Tariffs and Nontariff Measures on U.S. ... - USITC

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eggplant, which began field trials in 2002 <strong>and</strong> was expected to reach final approval in 2009. 55 That time frame now appears less likely in light <strong>of</strong> the recent announcement by <strong>India</strong>’s environment Minister that approval by GEAC was not sufficient <strong>and</strong> that a series <strong>of</strong> additional consultations with interested groups would be necessary. 56 Wide-ranging inquiries into matters other than biosafety can make regulatory review processes unduly time-consuming <strong>and</strong> unpredictable. 55 Choudhary <strong>and</strong> Guar, Development <strong>and</strong> Regulation, 2009, 54. 56 The Times <strong>of</strong> <strong>India</strong>, “Bt Brinjal Debate Goes to People,” October 16, 2009. 9-12
Bibliography Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO). Written submission to the U.S. International Trade Commission in connection with inv. no. 332-504, <strong>India</strong>: <strong>Effects</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tariffs</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Nontariff</strong> <strong>Measures</strong> on U.S. Agricultural Exports, June 26, 2009. Business St<strong>and</strong>ard. “Guj Worst-Hit by Illegal Bt Cotton Production,” April 22, 2008. http://www.business-st<strong>and</strong>ard.com/india/storypage.phptp=on&autono=36076. Choudhary, Bhagirath, <strong>and</strong> Kadambini Guar. Trust in the Seed. International Services for the Acquisition <strong>of</strong> Agri-biotech Applications (ISAAA) Publication. New Delhi, <strong>India</strong>: ISAAA, 2008. ———. The Development <strong>and</strong> Regulation <strong>of</strong> Bt Brinjal in <strong>India</strong>. ISAAA Brief No. 38. ISAAA: Ithaca, NY, 2009. Dhar, Biswajit. Sui Generis Systems for Plant Variety Protection. Discussion paper. Geneva: Quaker United Nations Office, April 2002. http://www.qiap.ca/documents/SGcol1.pdf. Girdhar, Mahesh. “Public Private Partnership in Seed Development.” Presentation, Bayer CropScience, October 19, 2006. http://www.ficci.com/media-room/speechespresentations/2006/oct/agri/SessionIII/Girdhar.pdf. Government <strong>of</strong> <strong>India</strong>. Controller General <strong>of</strong> Patents, Designs, <strong>and</strong> Trademarks (<strong>India</strong>n Patent Office). Public Search for Patents. https://www.ipindiaonline.gov.in/patentgrantedsearch/(S(2vdnl455ubp42x45lny1ek45))/GrantedS earch.aspx (accessed various dates). ———. Ministry <strong>of</strong> Environment <strong>and</strong> Forests. “New Procedure for Commercial Release <strong>of</strong> Bt Cotton Hybrids Expressing Approved Events.” Office Memor<strong>and</strong>um F.No. 13/39/2007-CS-II, February 20, 2009. Govindan, A. <strong>India</strong>: Planting Seeds; <strong>India</strong>n Seed Industry under Transition, 2003. GAIN Report No. IN3125. U.S. Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service. December 29, 2003. Gracen, Vernon. “How Intellectual Property <strong>and</strong> Plant Breeding Come Together: Corn as a Case Study for Breeders <strong>and</strong> Research Managers.” In Intellectual Property Management in Health <strong>and</strong> Agricultural Innovation: A H<strong>and</strong>book <strong>of</strong> Best Practices, edited by A. Krattiger, R.T. Mahoney, L. Nelson, et al., 1819–1827. Oxford, UK: MIHR, <strong>and</strong> Davis, USA: PIPRA, 2007. Herring, Ron. “Persistent Narratives: Why Is the ‘Failure <strong>of</strong> Bt Cotton in <strong>India</strong>’ Story Still with Us” AgBioForum 12(1) (2009): 14–22. International Business Times. “<strong>India</strong>n Court Is 466 Years Behind Schedule,” February 7, 2009. http://www.judicialreforms.org/files/completely_collaspsed_system.pdf. James, Clive. Global Status <strong>of</strong> Commercialized Biotech/GM Crops: 2008. ISAAA Brief No. 39. Ithaca, New York: ISAAA, 2008. Lalitha, N., Carl E. Pray, <strong>and</strong> Bharat Ramaswami. “The Limits <strong>of</strong> Intellectual Property Rights: Lessons from the Spread <strong>of</strong> Illegal Transgenic Seeds in <strong>India</strong>.” Discussion Paper 08-06, <strong>India</strong>n Statistical Institute, Delhi, March 2008. 9-13
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United States International Trade C
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U.S. International Trade Commission
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Abstract This report describes <str
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TABLE ES.1 India:
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U.S. agricultural products face str
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U.S. Foreign Direct Investment U.S.
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CONTENTS Page Abstract ............
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CONTENTS―Continued Chapter 6 <str
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CONTENTS―Continued Figures 1.1. <
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ACRONYMS AND TERMS AAY Antodaya Ann
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ACRONYMS AND TERMS—Continued RGGV
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TABLE 1.1 India: A
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FIGURE 1.1 India:
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India’s central
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Despite their weak economic pr<stro
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Approach Current India</str
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Bibliography Birner, Regina, Surupt
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World Bank. Agriculture for Develop
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FIGURE 2.1 India:
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TABLE 2.1 India: A
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FIGURE 2.3 India:
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premium); (2) India</strong
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include government export restricti
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TABLE 2.3 India: A
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FIGURE 2.6 India:
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Exports by Major Trading Partner <s
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CHAPTER 3 Domestic Consumption Over
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TABLE 3.2 India: P
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more likely to have been exposed to
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BOX 3.3 Indian Con
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TABLE 3.3 India: T
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are expected to see income growth <
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Food Preferences India</str
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Regional Variation Geographic <stro
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CCC. “Know India
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CHAPTER 4 Indian A
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For most crops, however, In
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The Farm Sector soybeans 29 —but
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Food processing in India</s
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BOX 4.1 The Central Government’s
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BOX 4.2 Does the Minimum Support Pr
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August 3, 2009, New Delhi announced
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known as zamindars, have doubled or
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that the PFA Act was strictly enfor
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———. Bharat Nirman: A Time-Bo
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Organisation for Economic Co-operat
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CHAPTER 5 TARIFFS Overview
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sensitive. They include vegetable f
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wholly milled rice and</str
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The Indian governm
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India also reporte
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Reference Prices Reference prices,
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Landing Fees <stro
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Simulated Effects
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and nuts” by $0.
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5-19 TABLE 5.4 India</stron
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Bibliography Acharya, Keya. “Thor
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Indian Express.com
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CHAPTER 6 Nontariff</strong
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foreign sources. 6 For example, SPS
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BOX 6.1 Milk and M
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BOX 6.2 Wheat—Continued Yet, <str
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perpetuated continuously. The impor
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notices that must be integrated wit
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import corn under the TRQ is too bu
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Customs Procedures India</s
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Corruption Interests within <strong
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TABLE 6.2 India: E
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Bibliography American Apparel <stro
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Mattson, Jeremy W., Won, W. Koo, <s
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———. 2009 National Trade Esti
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TABLE 7.1 India: C
Page 150 and 151: First Point of Sal
Page 152 and 153: Private mandis Som
Page 154 and 155: approximately 65 million households
Page 156 and 157: 7-10 TABLE 7.2 India</stron
Page 158 and 159: poor communications infrastructure
Page 160 and 161: limited popularity with farmers bec
Page 162 and 163: The lack of infras
Page 164 and 165: found that 39 percent of</s
Page 166 and 167: Bibliography Banerjee, A. Dairying
Page 168 and 169: Tiwari, Shri Rajendra Kumar. “Pos
Page 170 and 171: FDI Regulations and</strong
Page 172 and 173: TABLE 8.2 India: A
Page 174 and 175: Food Processing and</strong
Page 176 and 177: There is not necessarily a strong l
Page 178 and 179: For processing of
Page 180 and 181: BOX 8.3 Restrictions on Foreign Joi
Page 182 and 183: Under certain circumstances, FDI ca
Page 184 and 185: commenced. States tend to be quick
Page 186 and 187: Bibliography Bahn, Niti, an
Page 188 and 189: International Center for Alcohol Po
Page 190 and 191: Structure of the <
Page 192 and 193: BOX 9.1 The UPOV System for Plant V
Page 194 and 195: that the public sector in I
Page 196 and 197: Whether this situation will soon ch
Page 198 and 199: The U.S.-India Bus
Page 202 and 203: Maskus, Keith E. “Intellectual Pr
Page 205: APPENDIX A REQUEST LETTER
Page 208 and 209: The Honorable Sham L. Arano
Page 211 and 212: cprice-sewell on PRODPC61 with NOTI
Page 213: APPENDIX C HEARING WITNESSES
Page 216 and 217: ORGANIZATION AND WITNESS: Tuttle Ta
Page 219 and 220: Summary of Views <
Page 221 and 222: advertising and pr
Page 223 and 224: highest in the Asia-Pacific region.
Page 225 and 226: to U.S. exports to India</s
Page 227 and 228: transparent sanitary regulations th
Page 229 and 230: hotel and catering
Page 231 and 232: Western Pistachio Association 26 In
Page 233: APPENDIX E POTENTIAL FOR U.S. AGRIC
Page 236 and 237: E-4 TABLE E.1 India</strong
Page 243: APPENDIX F INDIAN AGRICULTURAL PROD
Page 246 and 247: TABLE F.1 India: A
Page 248 and 249: FIGURE F.1 India:
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is in nonirrigated areas with yield
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Consumption India
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efrigeration. This characteristic i
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70 percent of tota
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eportedly preferred in southern <st
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Cotton During MY 2003/04-2007/08, <
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Government of <str
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APPENDIX G UNION AND STATE/UNION TE
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certain agricultural goods in the p
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Bibliography Chaulan, Shri U.K. “
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Simulation Framework The effects <s
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Producers determine the optimal sup
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Applied ad valorem tariff equivalen
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We considered the possibility that
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Estimation of <str
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Bibliography Anderson, Kym, Mariann
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