India: Effects of Tariffs and Nontariff Measures on U.S. ... - USITC

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TABLE 2.3 <strong>India</strong>: Agricultural exports to the world <strong>and</strong> the United States by product, 2003–08 (million $) Product Source 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Animal products Live animals World 4 5 5 10 10 11 United States 0 0 0 0 0 0 Frozen beef a World 268 392 553 656 804 1,091 United States 2 0 0 0 0 0 Other meat World 43 31 31 44 48 96 United States 0 0 0 0 0 1 Concentrated/sweetened dairy World 17 39 124 89 108 171 United States 0 4 3 1 0 0 Other dairy World 24 49 89 64 178 192 United States 13 30 62 34 78 64 Eggs World 46 60 76 57 101 109 United States 0 0 0 0 0 0 Grains Rice World 885 1,173 1,763 1,460 2,360 2,784 United States 22 20 31 33 51 45 Corn World 27 187 73 105 325 953 United States 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other grains World 442 451 216 28 109 148 United States 0 0 0 0 0 1 Animal feed Soybean meal World 389 767 638 1,070 1,303 2,337 United States 0 0 0 0 0 2 Other animal feed World 61 156 165 198 314 462 United States 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fats <strong>and</strong> oils Oilseeds World 163 242 199 205 367 553 United States 20 28 24 29 34 63 Castor oil World 106 184 229 199 275 380 United States 21 34 31 30 32 48 Other fats <strong>and</strong> oils World 69 129 90 116 149 207 United States 8 24 5 9 8 11 Vegetables Onions <strong>and</strong> shallots World 109 162 157 232 263 326 United States 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chickpeas World 1 5 22 49 126 94 United States 0 0 0 1 1 1 Pickled vegetables World 35 40 68 87 94 127 United States 6 6 9 13 16 22 Other vegetables World 183 214 378 374 249 298 United States 8 9 12 16 1 1 Nuts Cashews World 351 491 620 546 532 667 United States 170 234 251 211 191 221 Peanuts World 82 126 109 166 238 283 United States 3 17 0 0 0 0 Other nuts World 26 29 35 34 38 54 United States 14 18 25 33 37 47 See footnotes at end <strong>of</strong> table. 2-12
TABLE 2.3 <strong>India</strong>: Agricultural exports to the world <strong>and</strong> the United States by product, 2003–08 (million $)—Continued Product Source 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Fruit Guava/mango World 70 93 116 153 164 211 United States 2 3 3 4 5 6 Grapes World 24 20 44 55 58 101 United States 0 - 0 0 0 0 Other fruit World 443 588 745 704 708 906 United States 10 9 8 12 21 26 Beverages <strong>and</strong> products C<strong>of</strong>fee World 155 156 238 317 294 397 United States 2 6 4 6 6 4 Tea World 307 380 386 415 441 541 United States 18 22 24 24 27 35 Alcoholic beverages World 21 24 33 38 57 96 United States 1 1 1 1 1 2 Nonalcoholic beverages World 8 9 14 12 14 11 United States 1 2 1 2 4 2 Sugar, sweeteners, confectionery Cane/beet sugar World 370 52 38 620 1,024 1,511 United States 5 3 1 5 5 1 Other sugars/sweeteners World 39 38 55 84 111 133 United States 9 9 13 16 6 24 Spices Pepper World 87 124 124 194 396 353 United States 24 27 30 43 84 76 Cumin World 10 16 17 49 76 174 United States 1 2 2 8 13 16 Other spices World 88 98 112 123 149 206 United States 13 17 15 18 20 27 Miscellaneous processed products Instant c<strong>of</strong>fee World 68 68 99 111 124 152 United States 1 2 1 3 4 5 Other processed foods World 84 102 142 161 186 274 United States 11 14 20 25 28 40 Gum <strong>and</strong> thickeners World 243 284 403 402 380 471 United States 89 90 146 164 139 208 Seeds for sowing World 11 13 18 26 35 28 United States 2 3 2 3 4 3 Tobacco World 220 265 299 366 455 666 United States 14 15 13 15 20 27 Fibers Cotton World 36 176 323 978 1,655 1,560 United States 0 0 0 - 3 0 Other fibers World 18 34 18 34 22 31 United States 1 2 1 1 1 1 All other World 504 476 440 700 967 989 United States 92 102 122 160 169 253 Total World 6,135 7,949 9,310 11,330 15,307 20,150 United States 585 754 862 917 1,008 1,282 Source: GTIS, World Trade Atlas Database (accessed June 8, 2009). a Frozen beef is mostly buffalo meat. 2-13
Page 1 and 2: United States International Trade C
Page 3 and 4: U.S. International Trade Commission
Page 5: Abstract This report describes <str
Page 8 and 9: TABLE ES.1 India:
Page 10 and 11: U.S. agricultural products face str
Page 12 and 13: U.S. Foreign Direct Investment U.S.
Page 15 and 16: CONTENTS Page Abstract ............
Page 17 and 18: CONTENTS―Continued Chapter 6 <str
Page 19 and 20: CONTENTS―Continued Figures 1.1. <
Page 21 and 22: ACRONYMS AND TERMS AAY Antodaya Ann
Page 23: ACRONYMS AND TERMS—Continued RGGV
Page 26 and 27: TABLE 1.1 India: A
Page 28 and 29: FIGURE 1.1 India:
Page 30 and 31: India’s central
Page 32 and 33: Despite their weak economic pr<stro
Page 34 and 35: Approach Current India</str
Page 36 and 37: Bibliography Birner, Regina, Surupt
Page 38 and 39: World Bank. Agriculture for Develop
Page 42 and 43: TABLE 2.1 India: A
Page 46 and 47: premium); (2) India</strong
Page 48 and 49: include government export restricti
Page 54 and 55: Exports by Major Trading Partner <s
Page 57 and 58: CHAPTER 3 Domestic Consumption Over
Page 59 and 60: TABLE 3.2 India: P
Page 61 and 62: more likely to have been exposed to
Page 63 and 64: BOX 3.3 Indian Con
Page 65 and 66: TABLE 3.3 India: T
Page 67 and 68: are expected to see income growth <
Page 69 and 70: Food Preferences India</str
Page 71 and 72: Regional Variation Geographic <stro
Page 73 and 74: CCC. “Know India
Page 75 and 76: CHAPTER 4 Indian A
Page 77 and 78: For most crops, however, In
Page 79 and 80: The Farm Sector soybeans 29 —but
Page 81 and 82: Food processing in India</s
Page 83 and 84: BOX 4.1 The Central Government’s
Page 85 and 86: BOX 4.2 Does the Minimum Support Pr
Page 87 and 88: August 3, 2009, New Delhi announced
Page 89 and 90: known as zamindars, have doubled or
Page 91 and 92: that the PFA Act was strictly enfor
Page 93 and 94: ———. Bharat Nirman: A Time-Bo
Page 95 and 96: Organisation for Economic Co-operat
Page 97 and 98: CHAPTER 5 TARIFFS Overview
Page 99 and 100: sensitive. They include vegetable f
Page 101 and 102:
wholly milled rice and</str
Page 103 and 104:
The Indian governm
Page 105 and 106:
India also reporte
Page 107 and 108:
Reference Prices Reference prices,
Page 109 and 110:
Landing Fees <stro
Page 111 and 112:
Simulated Effects
Page 113 and 114:
and nuts” by $0.
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5-19 TABLE 5.4 India</stron
Page 117 and 118:
Bibliography Acharya, Keya. “Thor
Page 119 and 120:
Indian Express.com
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CHAPTER 6 Nontariff</strong
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foreign sources. 6 For example, SPS
Page 125 and 126:
BOX 6.1 Milk and M
Page 127 and 128:
BOX 6.2 Wheat—Continued Yet, <str
Page 129 and 130:
perpetuated continuously. The impor
Page 131 and 132:
notices that must be integrated wit
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import corn under the TRQ is too bu
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Customs Procedures India</s
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Corruption Interests within <strong
Page 139 and 140:
TABLE 6.2 India: E
Page 141 and 142:
Bibliography American Apparel <stro
Page 143 and 144:
Mattson, Jeremy W., Won, W. Koo, <s
Page 145:
———. 2009 National Trade Esti
Page 148 and 149:
TABLE 7.1 India: C
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First Point of Sal
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Private mandis Som
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approximately 65 million households
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7-10 TABLE 7.2 India</stron
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poor communications infrastructure
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limited popularity with farmers bec
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The lack of infras
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found that 39 percent of</s
Page 166 and 167:
Bibliography Banerjee, A. Dairying
Page 168 and 169:
Tiwari, Shri Rajendra Kumar. “Pos
Page 170 and 171:
FDI Regulations and</strong
Page 172 and 173:
TABLE 8.2 India: A
Page 174 and 175:
Food Processing and</strong
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There is not necessarily a strong l
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For processing of
Page 180 and 181:
BOX 8.3 Restrictions on Foreign Joi
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Under certain circumstances, FDI ca
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commenced. States tend to be quick
Page 186 and 187:
Bibliography Bahn, Niti, an
Page 188 and 189:
International Center for Alcohol Po
Page 190 and 191:
Structure of the <
Page 192 and 193:
BOX 9.1 The UPOV System for Plant V
Page 194 and 195:
that the public sector in I
Page 196 and 197:
Whether this situation will soon ch
Page 198 and 199:
The U.S.-India Bus
Page 200 and 201:
eggplant, which began field trials
Page 202 and 203:
Maskus, Keith E. “Intellectual Pr
Page 205:
APPENDIX A REQUEST LETTER
Page 208 and 209:
The Honorable Sham L. Arano
Page 211 and 212:
cprice-sewell on PRODPC61 with NOTI
Page 213:
APPENDIX C HEARING WITNESSES
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ORGANIZATION AND WITNESS: Tuttle Ta
Page 219 and 220:
Summary of Views <
Page 221 and 222:
advertising and pr
Page 223 and 224:
highest in the Asia-Pacific region.
Page 225 and 226:
to U.S. exports to India</s
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transparent sanitary regulations th
Page 229 and 230:
hotel and catering
Page 231 and 232:
Western Pistachio Association 26 In
Page 233:
APPENDIX E POTENTIAL FOR U.S. AGRIC
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E-4 TABLE E.1 India</strong
Page 238 and 239:
Page 240 and 241:
Page 243:
APPENDIX F INDIAN AGRICULTURAL PROD
Page 246 and 247:
TABLE F.1 India: A
Page 248 and 249:
FIGURE F.1 India:
Page 250 and 251:
is in nonirrigated areas with yield
Page 252 and 253:
Consumption India
Page 254 and 255:
efrigeration. This characteristic i
Page 256 and 257:
70 percent of tota
Page 258 and 259:
eportedly preferred in southern <st
Page 260 and 261:
Cotton During MY 2003/04-2007/08, <
Page 262 and 263:
Government of <str
Page 265:
APPENDIX G UNION AND STATE/UNION TE
Page 268 and 269:
certain agricultural goods in the p
Page 270 and 271:
Bibliography Chaulan, Shri U.K. “
Page 273 and 274:
Simulation Framework The effects <s
Page 275 and 276:
Producers determine the optimal sup
Page 277 and 278:
Applied ad valorem tariff equivalen
Page 279 and 280:
We considered the possibility that
Page 281 and 282:
Estimation of <str
Page 283 and 284:
Bibliography Anderson, Kym, Mariann
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