revolutionary action movement (ram) - Michael Schwartz Library

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Williams was
invited to Cuba along with other Afro-American writers
in 1960 . Williams' exposure to the Cuban revolution convinced him that a
government could eliminate racism if it wanted to .
Williams became increas
ingly militant and became one of the first leaders in the 1960's to take an
anti-imperialist stand . In 1961, during a time of racial tension in Monroe,
Williams was forced to flee a combined KKK, FBI and N .C . state police/guard
manhunt . Williams went to Cuba, where he received political asylum . Williams
stayed in Cuba from 1961 to 1966 . While there he organized a radio
program and
raised the question of urban guerrilla warfare as a tactic for
the black liberation movement in the United States . During this period, he
became chairman in exile of the Revolutionary Action Movement . After various
political bouts with members of the American and Cuban Communist Parties,
Williams took refuge in China . Williams stayed in China until 1968 ;
then he moved to East Africa before coming back to the United States . In
1968, Williams was elected president of the provisional Republic of New
Africa . After returning to the United States, Williams got in several disputes
over tactics with former associates and resigned from all his organizational
posts . In the last chapter of Black Crusader , Cohen presents
Williams' "Three Part Plan ." 19
In Dictatorship and Armed Struggle in Brazil , Joao Quartim describes
the development, transformation and contradictions of the ruling class in
Brazil . He describes how, because of the split in the national bourgeoisie
in Brazil and the rise of nationalism, a pseudo-democracy was about to be
created which threatened the interests of the imperialists . As a result,
a coup d'etat took place establishing a counter-revolutionarly military
19 Robert Carl Cohen, Black Crusader (New Jersey : Lyle Stuart, Inc .,
1972) .