revolutionary action movement (ram) - Michael Schwartz Library

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ABSTRACT POLITICAL SCIENCE STANFORD, MAXWELL CURTIS B .A ., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS, 1976 RevolutionarZ Action Movement (RAM) : A Case Study of an Urban Revolutionary Movement in Western Cap i talist Society Adviser : Professor Lawrence Moss Thesis dated May, 1986 The primary intent of this thesis is to present a political descriptive analysis of the Revolutionary Action Movement (RAM), an urban revolutionary movement active in the 1960's . An attempt has been made to por tray the historical context, the organization, ideology of the RAM organization and response of the state to the activities of the organization . The thesis presents a methodological approach to developing a paradigm in which the study of urban revolutionary movements is part of a rational analysis . The thesis also explains concepts and theories that are presented later in the text . A review of black radical activity from 1900 to 1960 is given to provide the reader with historical background information of the events and personalities which contributed to the development of RAM . A comparative analysis is made between urban revolutionary movements in Latin America and the United States in order to show that the RAM organization was part of a worldwide urban phenomenon . The scope of the thesis is to present an analysis of the birth, early beginnings of RAM as a national organization, and Malcolm X's impact on the organization . The thesis also covers RAM's organizational activities
TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter I . INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 II . HISTORICAL CONTEXT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 III . URBAN REVOLUTIONARY MOVEMENTS IN WESTERN CAPITALIST SOCIETIES : LATIN AMERICA AND THE UNITED STATES . . . . . . . . 49 IV . THE EMERGENCE OF RAM--REVOLUTIONARY ACTION MOVEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 V . THE RAM ORGANIZATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 VI . IDEOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 VI i . RESPONSE OF THE STATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 VIII . SYNTHESIS : RESURGENCE OF THE BLACK LIBERATION MOVEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 APPENDIX A : SELECTED RAM DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 APPENDIX B: BLACK GUARD DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216 APPENDIX C : RAM DOCUMENTS-CHRONOLOGICALLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Page 1: REVOLUTIONARY ACTION MOVEMENT (RAM)
Page 5 and 6: 2 the black movement in the 1960's
Page 7 and 8: 4 Therefore, the historical backgro
Page 9 and 10: liberation movement in America usua
Page 11 and 12: independent black nation . 5 Slave
Page 13 and 14: into urban centers gave rise to nat
Page 15 and 16: 12 ideology of world black revoluti
Page 17 and 18: 14 The protracted war of national l
Page 19 and 20: evolution is the central theme in G
Page 21 and 22: 1 8 precipitious action, to attack
Page 23 and 24: 20 Nationalist Movement as a whole
Page 25 and 26: 2 2 dictatorship . This led to an e
Page 27 and 28: 2 4 Also, Latin America went throug
Page 29 and 30: '6 b . the transition period, 1964-
Page 31 and 32: 28 The racism black soldiers faced
Page 33 and 34: York City, Garveyites attacked whit
Page 35 and 36: 3 2 Part of the ABB's program was o
Page 37 and 38: 34 struggle for clarity (direction)
Page 39 and 40: 36 Angelo Herndon, a Negro Communis
Page 41 and 42: 38 its members told to join the Nat
Page 43 and 44: 40 At its inception the CP attacked
Page 45 and 46: 42 the Montgomery Improvement Assoc
Page 47 and 48: 44 The student leaders decided to r
Page 49 and 50: 46 first lieutenant, Elijah Karriem
Page 51 and 52: 48 publicizing the infamous "Kissin
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50 because of their centrality to t
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52 a tactic for people in the Third
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54 Indians in Uruguay . The Tupamar
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56 In Argentina, the Revolutionary
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58 conversative leaders in the civi
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60 the most powerful military compl
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62 There are various accounts of th
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64 inciting to riot . As a result o
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66 position of supporting Martin Lu
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68 coast RAM leadership . Plans wer
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7 0 Mao goes on to state that it is
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72 protracted . Guillen states : Wh
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CHAPTER FOUR EMERGENCE OF RAM The i
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76 Freeman sent letters to the Chal
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78 Philadelphia . One acquaintance
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80 a series of ideological discussi
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82 mass movement . 9 Queen Mother A
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84 The demonstration was scheduled
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86 dance . They called for support
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88 Philadelphia voted with Freeman,
Page 93 and 94:
90 The leadership of the national o
Page 95 and 96:
92 Cleage's terms, a "strategy of c
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94 James Foreman violently opposed
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were killed, eighty beaten, thirty-
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98 into armed self-defense . It was
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100 Executive Secretary . . . . . .
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102 Information Agency (USIA) . The
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104 a force which he had not develo
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10 6 to go to the University of Al-
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CHAPTER FIVE THE RAM ORGANIZATION T
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All recruitment into the organizati
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and to purge the black community of
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In response to the U .S . increasin
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influence in northern black communi
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was a short lived group because of
Page 123 and 124:
120 The Black Panther Party was est
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12 2 Brother G ., an ex-Black Panth
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12 4 cadre that would aid the vangu
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126 mean attempting to unite all se
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128 one hundred cities protesting t
Page 133 and 134:
130 RAM leadership . Also, new forc
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132 most important thing in that pe
Page 137 and 138:
134 Eleven members of the RNA inclu
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136 began to ask how to go about jo
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138 in-glove with the corporation,
Page 143 and 144:
140 But DRUM Learned that in order
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142 it supported black candidates w
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14 4 In the meeting, it was analyze
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146 racist . Reform was impossible
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148 this position . These cautious
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15 0 This ideology was placed in a
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152 they were ahead of the masses p
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154 The captive nation status of bl
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156 that a historical lesson was of
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158 and could become a "political M
Page 163 and 164:
160 RAM's view of revolution in tha
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16 2 youth would lead the organizin
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164 must be organized as well . The
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166 enslaved . The fact that the U
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168 The international program of RA
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17 0 true aspirations for self-dete
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172 One could make a fairly strong
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17 4 to wage a war of self-defense
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CHAPTER SEVEN RESPONSE OF THE STATE
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17 8 various military intelligence
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180 4 . Prevent militant Black Nati
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182 Intelligence information was ga
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184 "neutralize" him as an effectiv
Page 189 and 190:
186 Malcolm X's break from the nati
Page 191 and 192:
188 While the search of the first f
Page 193 and 194:
190 country were arrested on variou
Page 195 and 196:
192 block . Us, in a carload, would
Page 197 and 198:
194 Churches that permitted the Pan
Page 199 and 200:
196 the black liberation movement .
Page 201 and 202:
198 system and its failure to inves
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200 The Revolutionary Action Moveme
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202 of the economic gains black peo
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APPENDIX A : Selected RAM Documents
Page 209 and 210:
206 This can be done by telling fri
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208 rights leaders with the nationa
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210 it meant to black people . His
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21 2 To be read or given to Afro-Am
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214 THE CODE OF THE REVOLUTIONARY N
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APPENDIX B : BLACK GUARD DOCUMENTS
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218 know that we have been fighting
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220 1965, August Black Vanguard, Vo
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22 2 BIBLIOGRAPHY Ahmad,Muhummad Ak
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22 4 Cluster, Dick . "The Borning S
Page 229 and 230:
226 Henderson, Jeff . "A Philip Ran
Page 231 and 232:
228 . Marxism and Black Radicalism
Page 233 and 234:
23 0 Sobel, Lester A ., ed . Politi
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