fm 44-100 us army air and missile defense operations
fm 44-100 us army air and missile defense operations
fm 44-100 us army air and missile defense operations
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FM <strong>44</strong>-<strong>100</strong><br />
surveillance, or target acquisition range of a target. Reverse IPB is <strong>us</strong>ed to<br />
pick enemy objectives. Potential to support maneuver forces. Air assets that<br />
are <strong>us</strong>ed to achieve ground objectives will seek to <strong>us</strong>e <strong>air</strong> avenues of approach<br />
coincident with ground avenues of approach. Air assets attacking deep are<br />
not limited to these ground avenues. Ground corridors do not limit <strong>missile</strong>s<br />
<strong>and</strong> ISR UAVs.<br />
A-20. The following questions should be <strong>us</strong>ed to evaluate the avenue’s<br />
freedom to maneuver:<br />
• Canalize the <strong>air</strong> system?<br />
• Have access to adjacent avenues?<br />
• Provide the ability to acquire a target <strong>and</strong> <strong>us</strong>e available munitions?<br />
• Assist in navigation?<br />
A-21. The following questions should be <strong>us</strong>ed to evaluate the avenue’s<br />
protection for the system <strong>and</strong> pilot:<br />
• Provide terrain masking (cover <strong>and</strong> concealment)?<br />
• Provide for full <strong>us</strong>e of <strong>air</strong> system speed?<br />
• Provide protection against radar detection?<br />
• Provide protection from <strong>air</strong> <strong>defense</strong> weapon systems <strong>and</strong> tactical <strong>air</strong><br />
support?<br />
• Provide a st<strong>and</strong>off orbit location?<br />
• Provide a st<strong>and</strong>off orbit?<br />
A-22. The following questions should be <strong>us</strong>ed to evaluate the <strong>air</strong> threat <strong>and</strong><br />
pilot capabilities. Can the <strong>air</strong> system or pilot--<br />
• Perform contour flying?<br />
• Fly at night?<br />
• Fly in all weather conditions?<br />
• Range the targets?<br />
WEATHER ANALYSIS<br />
A-23. Air <strong>operations</strong> are especially s<strong>us</strong>ceptible to the effects of weather.<br />
Weather analysis for <strong>air</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>air</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>missile</strong> <strong>defense</strong> <strong>operations</strong> is designed to<br />
predict the most likely time over target <strong>and</strong> other considerations based on<br />
weather effects <strong>and</strong> light data.<br />
A-24. Many of the same factors the G2 or S2 considers for ground <strong>operations</strong><br />
are as follows:<br />
• Visibility has a significant impact on offensive <strong>air</strong> <strong>operations</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />
ISR. Visibility has the same effects on visually directed ADA systems<br />
<strong>and</strong> sensors.<br />
• High winds will hinder maneuver, close <strong>air</strong> support, <strong>and</strong> target<br />
engagement, especially in tight <strong>air</strong> avenues of approach. Missiles <strong>and</strong><br />
UAVs will be adversely affected in performance <strong>and</strong> accuracy.<br />
• Precipitation affects <strong>air</strong>craft, <strong>missile</strong>, <strong>and</strong> UAV performance <strong>and</strong><br />
reduces the effectiveness of sensors. Precipitation reduces ADA<br />
sensor range.<br />
A-5
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