fm 44-100 us army air and missile defense operations

FM 44-100
enemy's capability to bring combat power to bear and to exploit every possible
enemy weakness.
APPORTIONMENT
4-69. Contributions by Army assets, particularly ADA and FA, to the joint
theater air and missile defense mission is important to overall air and ground
operations. The Army air defense contribution to the counterair and theater
missile defense operation is a major factor in providing ground-force
commanders greater combat air power to achieve their objectives. Army
contributions directly influence the JFC's apportionment of the total air
effort. The JFC determines the allocation of capabilities and forces, made
available by components, necessary to support his goals. The JFC normally
apportions the available capabilities and forces for each of the mission areas
of strategic attack, interdiction, CAS, counterair, and maritime support by
percent, priority of effort, or weight of effort.
4-70. Attack operations may be factored into OCA, but can be accomplished in
other mission areas such as interdiction. After joint and Army AMD forces
have established air superiority, the JFC can reduce the apportionment of
capabilities and forces to counterair. These assets can then be tasked in
support of other air, sea, and ground operations.
FORCE PROJECTION CONSIDERATIONS
4-71. Force projection is the military component of power projection. Force
projection operations usually begin as a rapid response to a crisis somewhere
in the world. Force projection operations challenge ADA leaders. Early
critical decisions are required at every level in war and stability operations
and support operations. ADA commanders will routinely be required to plan
and execute multiple concurrent activities.
LETHALITY
4-72. Projecting the force anywhere in the world is a joint mission and total
Army mission that involves active and reserve component units, the
mobilization base, and Department of the Army civilians. It includes the
mobilization, deployment, and sustainment of the employed force; and the
redeployment and demobilization of the force in preparation for future
missions. ADA units should not expect to move smoothly from one stage to
the next stage of force projection operations.
4-73. Force projection is a complex process in which each action affects many
others. Deployed forces and lines of communications require protection. The
intelligence community may only have general information about a
contingency area. Host nation support may be unknown. Missions might
change at any point. Despite the complexity of force-projection operations,
ADA units must execute them successfully.
4-74. Credible, robust and lethal forces must be introduced early in forceprojection
operations. Sufficient combat power to resolve a crisis on favorable
terms must be deployed. These forces must be interoperable and flexible to
take into account unforeseen circumstances. The early entry air and missile
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