fm 44-100 us army air and missile defense operations

FM 44-100
Theater Missile Intelligence
3-50. Intelligence preparation must provide near real time data on enemy TM
forward operating bases, missile launch, load, and hide sites, EW systems,
C4I facilities, surveillance and control systems, and logistical support and
infrastructure. The C4I process must detect and disseminate prelaunch
signatures that indicate enemy missile launch preparations, and pass the
launch warning to friendly units.
3-51. Launch warnings provide the means to alert and increase the readiness
of friendly defensive assets, and for the employment of offensive and passive
countermeasures. Increasing the readiness posture includes weapon systems,
ISR assets, and command and control nodes for the level of threat activity
anticipated.
3-52. Once a launch is observed, the preparation and planning measures
provide a capability for concurrent and simultaneous defensive and offensive
response.
3-53. An identified enemy missile launch through sensor and surveillance
systems keys the C4I process, which uses communications interfaces to
provide near real time defensive and offensive attack responses. In-flight
threat missile trajectory data are passed in near real time directly to
interceptors, point defense, and self-protection systems. Simultaneously,
while enemy missiles are in flight, updated enemy launch locations, predicted
impact areas, and target data base information are passed to the appropriate
command and control centers and offensive systems. Concurrently, launch
warnings are provided to all units and commands within the theater.
3-54. Depending on the capabilities of the sensor and surveillance systems,
and the sources and quality of the intelligence, cueing of additional systems
may be necessary to provide more refined and accurate threat missile data.
National or theater sensor and surveillance assets may search areas that will
then require more refined ISR by theater and tactical assets. Friendly aerial
reconnaissance, ground surveillance systems, and other intelligence assets
are rapidly cued to achieve the necessary accuracy for IPB targeting
objectives.
Multinational Considerations
3-55. Intelligence requirements in support of multinational JTAMD
operations must be determined and prioritized to plan the collection and
analytical effort and to allocate appropriate resources to these functions.
Some designated national intelligence systems will augment organic systems
of US forces that are part of multinational commands. These systems must be
integrated and synchronized to ensure responsiveness to operational needs.
DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS
3-56. Defensive air and missile defense operations provide a secure area from
which all elements of the joint force can operate. To accomplish this,
defensive air and missile defense operations protect friendly land and naval
forces, bases, lines of communications, and other assets while denying the
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