fm 44-100 us army air and missile defense operations

FM44-100
FIRE DIRECTION CENTERS
5-52. A fire direction center is that sub-element of brigade and battalion
TOCs, and battery CPs, where the commander exercises engagement
operations. The FDC receives digitized target intelligence and fire control
orders and translates them into units appropriate fire directions and fire
distribution. Multiple systems are used in ADA for FDCs based on the type
and level of the ADA unit.
COMMUNICATIONS
5-53. Tactical information must be communicated among commanders, staffs,
and weapon systems. The commander must be able to communicate his
intent while moving freely about the battlefield. Electronically linked with
his command post, the commander must be able to access time-sensitive
operational and intelligence information to assess and influence the battle at
the critical time and place. A seamless, secure communications network that
provides horizontal and vertical integration of voice, data graphics, imagery,
and video information is essential. This network must support integrated
combat operations, and the focus must be on the war-fighting commander.
Implied in these requirements are streamlined communications procedures,
global connectivity of extended-range assets, and integrated communications
among the various joint and multinational forces, operations, intelligence,
logistics, and administrative functions. These communications networks
must provide entry at key points in the force to facilitate data exchange
through automated routing and filtering of information.
COMMAND AND SUPPORT RELATIONSHIPS
5-54. The Joint Force Commander, component commander, and
corps/division/brigade/battalion/battery commander establishes command
and support relationships for ADA units in accordance with joint and army
doctrine. As discussed in Chapter 3, ADA forces assigned to corps and lower
maneuver elements are under the operational control of the echelon
commander. At echelons above corps, ADA forces are under the operational
control of the component commander.
COMMAND RELATIONSHIPS
5-55. Placing an ADA unit under another unit using one of the following can
form command relationships: attachment, operational control (OPCON), or
tactical control (TACON). Command responsibilities, responsibilities for
service support, and authority to organize or reassign component elements of
a supporting force remain with the higher headquarters or parent unit unless
the authorizing commander specifies otherwise. The command relationships
and inherent responsibilities are depicted in table 5-1, page 5-14.
Attachment
5-56. Attachment is the placement of units or personnel in an organization
where such placement is relatively temporary. Subject to the limitations
imposed by the attachment order, the commander of the formation, unit, or
organization receiving the attachment has the responsibility to provide the
attached units with sustainment support above its organic capability.
5-13