fm 44-100 us army air and missile defense operations

FM 44-100
4-22
must be integrated into the supported commander's concept of the operation.
The AD plan describes vertical and horizontal integration of air defense
systems across the width and depth of the battlefield and includes
integration with joint and multinational forces.
Air Defense Artillery Employment Guidelines
4-113. Planning and positioning ADA resources involves applying six
employment guidelines. The guidelines are mutual support, overlapping fires,
balanced fires, weighted coverage, early engagement, and defense in depth
(figure 4-3).
4-114. Mutual support is achieved by positioning weapons so that the fires
of one weapon can engage targets within the dead zone of the adjacent
weapon system. For gun systems, this dead zone is usually small. For missile
systems, the dead zone can be large and the need for mutual support is great.
Mutual support can also be used to cover non-operational units or units at
lower states of readiness.
MUTUAL SUPPORT OVERLAPPING FIRES BALANCED FIRES
Fires of one weapon can engage
targets in dead zone of adjacent
weapon.
WEIGHTED COVERAGE EARLY ENGAGEMENT
Most
Likely
AAA
Concentrate fire on most likely
enemy air avenue of approach.
Engagement envelops of both
weapons overlap.
Position weapons and sensors
so they engage before ordnance
release.
Figure 4-3. ADA Employment Guidelines
Weapons positioned to deliver equal
volumes of fires in all direction
DEFENSE IN DEPTH
Position weapons so threat comes under
increasing volume of fire.
4-115. Overlapping fires are achieved by positioning weapons so their
engagement envelopes overlap. Because of the many altitudes from which the
enemy can attack or conduct RSTA operations, the defense planner must
apply mutual support or overlapping fires vertically and horizontally.
4-116. Balanced fires are achieved by positioning weapons to deliver an
equal volume of fire in all directions. This may be necessary when air defense