fm 44-100 us army air and missile defense operations

FM44-100
Air Defense Operations Area
5-127. Air defense operations area (ADOA) is an area and the airspace above
it within which procedures are established to minimize mutual interference
between air and missile defense and other operations. It can include
designation of one or more of the following areas or zones.
5-28
5-128. Air Defense Action Area. This is an area and the airspace above it
within which friendly aircraft or ADA weapons are normally given
precedence in operations except under specified conditions. This type of
ADOA is primarily used to minimize mutual interference between friendly
aircraft and ADA weapon systems. ADOA which have been prioritized for
ADA weapons are similar to restricted operations areas for aircraft, except
that ADOA are normally in effect for longer periods of time.
5-129. Air Defense Area. This is a specifically defined airspace for which air
and missile defense must be planned and provided. This type of ADOA is
primarily used for airspace control, but may also be used to define any area
within which ADA units are operating.
5-130. Air Defense Identification Zone. The air defense identification zone
(ADIZ) is the airspace of defined dimensions within which the ready
identification, location, and control of airborne vehicles are required. This
type of area is normally used only for airspace control. Areas within an ADIZ
will normally be characterized by extremely stringent hostile criteria and
weapon control statuses.
Weapon Engagement Zone
5-131. Weapon engagement zone (WEZ) identifies a volume of defined
airspace within which a specific type of AD weapon is preferred for use in an
engagement. Use of WEZ does not preclude engagement of high-priority
targets by more than one type of weapon system if centralized control of each
weapon system involved is available. The activation of a WEZ can be used to
delegate identification and engagement authority. The WEZ can be used for
specific threats. For example, a manned aircraft WEZ can be established for
fighters and ADA would still be able to engage missiles and UAVs.
5-132. ADA engagements within an activated WEZ can be conducted by the
following regardless of the level of control, weapon control status, or hostile
criteria in effect outside the activated WEZ:
• the echelon controlling engagements without further permission
• from the establishing authority of the WEZ if the targets meet
specified hostile criteria
5-133. Thus, an activated WEZ supplements ADA hostile criteria and is used
by FDCs and fire units to make target assignments and engagement
decisions. Commonly used WEZ are discussed in the following paragraphs.
5-134. Fighter Engagement Zone (FEZ). Established in an area where no
effective surface-to-air capability is employed. The responsibility for
engagement of air threats normally rests with fighter aircraft.