fm 44-100 us army air and missile defense operations

FM 44-100
TECHNOLOGY
4-4
4-18. Because the division commander is primarily concerned with tacticallevel
operations, the requirement for divisional air defense focuses on
protecting the force. The division must be free to maneuver to shape the
battlefield and destroy the enemy.
4-19. Advances in electronics, communications, automation, surveillance,
precision-guided weapons, and the exploitation of space-based capabilities
have increased the lethality, range, accuracy, and reliability of ADA weapons.
ADA can best use technology in future conflicts when it is integrated
according to joint and Army doctrine.
LEVELS OF WAR
4-20. Levels of war help commanders visualize a logical flow of operations,
allocate resources, and assign tasks. Each level is defined by the outcome
intended, not by the level of command or size of the unit. The levels of war
apply to combat as well as stability and support operations.
STRATEGIC LEVEL
4-21. Strategy involves the art and science of employing armed forces with
instruments of national power to secure strategic goals. At the strategic level
of war, the US, acting alone or as a member of a group of nations, uses
national interests to determine a strategy to ensure an effective, responsive
national power-projection capability. The National Command Authority and
the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff translate strategy into military
policy and requirements. These are the starting points for developing theater
campaign plans.
4-22. Theater commanders participate in national, alliance, and coalition
discussions as the theater military experts. They design the theater
campaign plan so that it relates to both national strategies and operational
activities. The theater campaign plan sets the desired end state and theaterstrategic
goals and is the basis for operational-level planning. Combatant and
subordinate commanders usually plan and execute campaigns. Combatant
commanders have strategic intents, concepts, and objectives.
4-23. National missile defense (NMD) is inherently a strategic operation.
Satellite defense, depending on the expected outcome, may also be a strategic
operation conducted by U.S. Space Command. Defense against air and
missile attacks that originate outside the CINC's battlespace may be theaterstrategic
operations.
4-24. Defense of theater-strategic forces and geopolitical assets may also fall
into the strategic level of war. Many stability and support operations are
strategic-level. Since casualties may be a critical vulnerability that could
impact on national resolve, ADA units are just as critical then as they are
during war.
4-25. Echelons above corps (EAC) air defense commands such as the Army air
and missile defense command (AAMDC) may participate in strategic or
theater-strategic planning and execution. Depending on the nature of the