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118 117 OGPMIV 1 1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1 2 3 4 CS CS IgG IgM CS IgM IgM Hierck 1994 CS IgM CS ABC CS CSA CSD CS56 IgM OGPMV Hes 1 2 3 3 1 2 3 NotchHes Hes1 / Hes1/ SCG 12.5 E12.5 E13.5 SCG E14.5 C1C3 Hes1/ E13.5 SCG E17.5 SCG 26.3% SCG E13.0 3 SCG E13.5 SCG Hes/ E17.5 52.5% H3 SCG Hes1/ Hes1 SCG OGPMV M. iliotibialis cranialis M.iliotibialis cranialis E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 L1 L2 E5 OGPMV 1 2 2 2 1 2 CL57BL/68 50 mm 500 mm 0 45 90 BrdU 1 mg/ml 2 BrdU BrdU OGPMVI Differential effect of aberrant expression of ectodysplasinA receptor edar on scales and jaw and pharyngeal dentition of medaka Otto Baba 1 , ADSL Atukorala 1 , Keiji Inohara 2 , Makoto Tabata 1 , Kiyoshi Mitani 3 , Yoshiro Takano 1 1 Biostructural Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical & Dental University, 2 Biological Information, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 3 Biological Science, Graduate School of Frontier Science, University of Tokyo To find out the role of ectodermal cell signaling in scale and tooth formation in teleosts and thereby to gain insights in evolutionary origin of teeth, we analyzed scales and teeth in rs3 medaka mutant characterized by reduced scale numbers due to aberrant splicing of ectodysplasinA receptor edar. Results: In normal medaka, we confirmed edar signals in the enamel epithelium at early tooth development in both jaw and pharyngeal dentition. The signal was gone once mineralized matrix had deposited. In adult rs3, drastic loss of scales 83 % and teeth occurred in both oral 43.5 % and pharyngeal 73.5 % dentition. Remaining scales were irregular and much larger in size relative to those of wild type. In contrast, there was no abnormality in size and shape in the remaining teeth of rs3. ThreeD analyses of embryonic development of pharyngeal regions indicated that pharyngeal tooth formation preceded gill slit opening and showed no sign of ectodermal cell migration in pharyngeal endoderm and hence no direct evidence of ectodermal contribution to pharyngeal odontogenesis. Conclusion: These data support intrinsic odontogenic competence of rostral endoderm in medaka. OGPMVI DNA TGFβ 1 1 2 3 1 2 3 DNA RG108 MEE TGFβ3 KO RG108 ICR C57BL/6J MEE 100 C57BL/6J TGFβ3KO RG108 in vitro ICR C57BL/6J MEE RG108 C57BL/6J MEE ICR C57BL6J TGFβ3KO RG108 ICR TGFβ3KO 15.8 DNA
117 119 OHPMIV 1 MAL 2 MAL OHPMIV D Saito et al., 2006, Steinke H et al., 2009 3D 5 MRI LaserErgo Scanner 3D 3D 3 Saito et al, Surg Radiol Anat 28, 228234, 2006 Steinke H et al. Ann Anat 191, 408416, 2009 OHPMIV 1 2 3 3 4 3 1 2 3 4 2 19% 1 Gray’s Anatomy Gottshalk 1989 3 Akita 1993 3 1 0.8 OHPMIV 1 2 2,3 1 2 3 7 12 3 67 33 1/31/6 50 50 OHPMIV Threedimensional modeling of the architecture of the plantar muscles of the great toe Takamitsu Arakawa 1,2 , Anne Agur 1 1 Division of Anatomy, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 2 Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences The plantar muscles of the great toe are involved in many foot pathologies, including hallux valgus. Forces acting along their tendons are important considerations in analyzing gait patterns and arch stability. Muscle models have not been constructed at the fiber bundle level, but rather using a series of single or multiple line segments to represent a muscle. The purpose of this study is to construct, at fiber bundle level, a volumetric 3D model of the plantar muscle of the great toe. In situ digitization with a Microscribe TM G2DX digitizer of one formalin embalmed cadaveric specimen was used to develop a 3D prototype model of abductor, adductor, and flexor hallucis muscles. Autodesk ® Maya ® , with additional plugins developed in this laboratory, were used to create a model the digitized data. Using this technique, a detailed model at the fiber bundle level was constructed and used to visualize and quantify the musculotendinous architecture of the plantar great toe muscles. This prototype may be further developed into a contractile model that enables functional analysis in normal and pathologic scenarios. OHPMI The characteristic of the filiform and fungiform papillae of human tongue ShineOd Dalkhsuren, Kikuji Yamashita, Dolgorsuren Aldartsogt, Kaori Sumida, Shinichiro Seki, Seiichiro Kitamura Objective: We aimed to clarify whether there are the structurally differences of the filiform and the fungiform papillae of human tongue depending on their position and function. Methods: The tissue specimens were separated to the significant parts: the tip, the body and the root of tongue and processed with the scanning electron microscopy SEM JCM5700, Jeol, Tokyo, Japan and the light microscopy. Results and discussions: The tip of tongue is the first sensing place for taste stimuli and the most active moving side. Consequently, the free longbased fungiform papillae distributed equable densely and a few filiform papillae containing the less and strong hairs placed along the margin of the fungiform papillae. The body of human tongue is the main mastication area. And it contained the numerous filiform papillae which are composed of a lot of hairs for making the soft sponge structure and holding the tongue plaque. In the root, the both of filiform and fungiform papillae were changed responding to the frictional stress as the swallowing. Conclusion: The structural variations of filiform and fungiform papillae might be depended on their positional role.
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