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126 117 P Chewing under restraint stress inhibits the stressinduced suppression of cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus Kinya Kubo 1 , Nobuyuki Karasawa 1 , Kazuhiko Satoh 2 , Yasutoku Kogaya 2 , Sadakazu Ejiri 2 , Huayue Chen 3 1 Seijoh Univ Grad Sch Health Care Studies, 2 Dept Oral Anat, Asahi Univ Sch Dent, 3 Dept Anat, Gifu Univ Grad Sch Med Stress reduces new cell birth in the hippocampus dentate gyrus DG. Chewing under stress suppresses stressinduced responses. We examined whether chewing under restraint stress prevents the stressinduced suppression of cell proliferation. Male SAMP8 mice were used and divided into three groups as follows: control, restraint stress group, and restraint/chewing group. Mice in the restraint stress and restraint/chewing groups were placed in a ventilated plastic restraint tube, and then the tube containing the mouse was placed under a bright light for 45 min, once a day for 14 days. Mice in the restraint/chewing group were allowed to chew on a wooden stick during this period. Plasma corticosterone levels were significantly higher in the restraint stress group than in the control and restraint/ chewing groups in association with decreased cell proliferation in the hippocampal DG. The increase in plasma corticosterone levels induced by restraint stress was inhibited in the restraint/chewing group, and the reduction in cell proliferation was attenuated. These findings suggest that chewing under restraint stress prevents the stressinduced suppression of cell birth in the hippocampal DG. P Voluntary exercise promotes astrogliogenesis from Olig cells in some nuclei of the basal ganglia of adult mouse Kouko Tatsumi 1 , Hiroaki Okuda 1 , Mariko Yamano 2 , Akio Wanaka 1 1 Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nara Medical University, 2 Department of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefectural University We have previouly reported that astrocytes derived from Olig2 cells dramatically increased in the subthalamic nucleus STN after voluntary exercise in adult mice. Recently we comfirmed that astrogliogenesis is promoted in not only STN but also another nuclei of basal ganglia, e.g., the globus pallidus GP, substantial nigra SN, by voluntary excercise. Additionally, we observed that cfos expression significantly increased in neuron of these nuclei. It is well known that tha basal ganglia regurate motor activity by processing descending information from cortical regions. These findings implied the neuronastrocyte relationship based on glutamate metabolism in response to exercisestimuli. To confirm this relationship, we used fluorocitrate FC to metabolically inhibit astrocyte functions. As would be expected, mice regionally deficient of astrocytes in the STN exhibited reduction of spontaneous activities. On the other hand, FCmicroinjection into other but neighboring regions had little influence on motor activities. These findings suggest that astrocytic activities of the STN are closely related to neuronal outputs of the STN, possibly through the glutamate metabolism. P GDNF mRNA 1 2 1 3 1 1 2 3 Glial cell linederived neurotrophic factor GDNF Wistar 2 12 10 10 4 17 m/min, 1 PCR GDNFGfra1Gfra2mRNA GDNFmRNAGfra2mRNA Gfra1mRNA P II IGFVEGF IIAngII AngII AngII ELISA 2 AngII 1 1 8 Bromodeoxiuridin BrdUVehicle BrdU 1.5 I AngII VEGF ELISA AngII P 1 1 2 3 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 3 Watson 2 Exercise EX Control CNT 246810 Rotarod test HPLC Rotarod test EX 6 CNT 2 DA 1.7 10 EX DA CNT CNT TH P cfos 1 2 1 1 1 3 3 4 1 2 3 4 cfos C57BL 4 , 20 12 m/min5 5 / 4 cfos cfos 34 cfos 22cfos cfos
117 127 P cFos 1 2 1 1 1 3 3 4 1 2 3 4 cFos 5 C57BL High fat diet 32 4 2 5 12 m 20 5 4 5 μm ABC cFos cFos cFos P 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 GFP E14 GFP 24h Tbr2 Tbr2 radial glia P SD 2-20 6 / 5HT 5HT Egr1 Egr1 21 P / Wistar 1015 3 / IGF1/IGF1R BDNF/TrkB 1620 30 60 / P n 1 n3 21 P Altered dynamics of the cortical neuronal circuit in a mouse model of autism Shinji Tanaka 1 , Toru Takumi 2 , Shigeo Okabe 1 1 Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 2 Laboratory of Integrative Bioscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University Autism spectral disorder ASD is an early onset mental disease with impairments in higher cognitive functions. ASD symptoms may originate from altered connectivity of the neocortical neurons. This possibility can be tested by combining techniques of synapse imaging with reliable animal models of ASD. Genetically engineered mice that mimic the most frequent copy number variation in ASD human 15q1113 show multiple deficits in social behaviors. The postnatal synapse formation in the neocortex of this ASD model was studied by using twophoton in vivo imaging of pyramidal neurons expressing fluorescent proteins. Pyramidal neurons showed excess formation of nascent spines and their balanced elimination. Unexpectedly, analysis of PSD size changes in established spines, estimated from PSD95 clustering, revealed reduced PSD remodeling. Enhanced gain and loss of spines during network formation may increase mismatched connectivity, leading to altered pattern of neuronal activity that secondarily suppresses PSD remodeling. Negative correlation between spinogenesis and PSD remodeling may be a unique feature of this mouse model and its relevance to the etiology of ASD should be clarified.
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192 117 Marson, Lesley Masahiro,
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