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P
FIB/SEM
1,3 1 2 2 3
1
1
2
3
FIB/SEM
CT
8
5%EDTA
5 1 OsO 4
EPON812 H7650
FIB/SEM
en block EPON812
, FIB/SEM
Quanta 3D FEGFEIFIB
Ga 1 nA 80 nm/step
80 μm
P
Molecular sequence and distribution of the NMDA receptor subunit
NR mRNA in the central nervous system of pigeons Columba livia
Mohammad Rabiul Karim 1,2 , Shouichiro Saito 1 , Yasuro Atoji 1
1
Gifu Univ, Fac Appl Biol Sci, 2 Bangladesh Agri Univ, Fac Vet Sci
NR1 is a key subunit of the NmethylDaspartate type of glutamate receptors
maintaining the glutamatergic system in the mammalian central nervous system
CNS. In the present study, cDNA sequence and expression pattern of NR1
mRNA in the pigeon CNS were examined. From cDNA sequence analysis, its
predicted amino acid sequence was revealed to show 96%, 95% and 85% identity
to that of the chicken, zebra finch and human NR1, respectively. By RTPCR,
pigeon NR1 mRNA was revealed to be highlevel in the olfactory bulb, pallium
and subpallium of the telencephalon and in the cerebellum, mediumlevel in the
diencephalon and optic tectum, and lowlevel in the lower brainstem and spinal
cord. By in situ hybridization, intense hybridization signal was observed in the
olfactory bulb, pallium except entopallium, septal nuclei and striatum of the
telencephalon, and the granular and Purkinje cell layers of the cerebellum, and
weak signal in the thalamus, optic tectum, lower brain stem and gray matter of
the spinal cord. This study revealed the similarity of NR1 expression between the
pigeon and mammals, indicating the functional importance of the glutamatergic
system in the avian CNS.
P
2 VGLUT2mRNA
VGLUT2
0.1% 4
50 μm VGLUT2 C
HVC, RA, area X
MC,
An, NL , MC
VGLUT2mRNA
P
SULTBa
GABA A
GABA
SULT2A1 SULT2B1a
mRNA
SULT2B1a SULT2B1a
SULT2B1a
SULT2B1a
P
DGDGK
C DG
DGK DGK
DGKε DG
DGKε
DGKε
DGKε
64 kDa
DGKε
DGKε 1
IP3R1
DGKε
IP3R1
P
Androgen receptor expression in the preoptic and anterior
hypothalamic areas of the adult male rats and mice
Jahan Mir Rubayet, Keiji Kokubu, Chikahisa Matsuo, Islam Md. Nabiul,
Akie Yanai, Ryutaro Fujinaga, Koh Shinoda
Functional Neuroanatomy, Yamaguchi Univ. Grad. Sch. of Med.
Species difference has been suggested on androgeninduced functions of the
preoptic and anterior hypothalamic areas PO/AH. Using paraformaldehyde
fixed completely serial frozen sections, expression of androgen receptor AR was
immunohistochemically compared in the PO/AH between adult male rats Wistar,
SD and mice C57BL/6, DBA/2j, Balb/c. In general, AR expression was stronger
in mice than rats, particularly in the medial preoptic area MPO, posterodorsal
preoptic nucleus, dorsal PO/AH junction DPAJ and suprachiasmatic nucleus
SCN. Exceptionally, more ARimmunoreactive ARir cells were seen in the
sexually dimorphic nucleus SDN of the MPO and periventricular zone of the AH
in rats. In addition, we found a distinct mousespecific ARir neuronal cluster as
the “tear drop nucleus (TDN)” dorsal to the SCN, which resembles the rat SDN or
mouse putative SDN in calbindin immunoreactivity, and two distinct ratspecific
small clusters as the “DPAJ island” and “paraventricular island”. The present data
might explain distinct androgeninduced psychotic, behavioral and endocrinergic
responses between the two rodents, warning that data cannot directly be applied
each other.