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117 83<br />
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By means of retrograde transneuronal transport of rabies virus,<br />
ascending multisynaptic pathways from the trigeminal ganglion (TG)<br />
to the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) were identified in the rat. After<br />
rabies injection into an electrophysiologically-defined trigeminal<br />
projection region of the ACC, transsynaptic labeling of secondorder<br />
neurons via the medial thalamus (including the parafascicular<br />
nucleus) was located in the spinal trigeminal nucleus pars caudalis.<br />
Third-order neuron labeling occurred in the TG. Most of these TG<br />
neurons were medium-sized or large cells giving rise to myelinated<br />
Aδ or Aβ afferent fibers, respectively. Furthermore, the TG neurons<br />
retrogradely labeled with fluorogold injected into the mental nerve<br />
were smaller in their sizes compared to those labeled with rabies. Our<br />
extracellular unit recordings revealed that a majority of ACC neurons<br />
responded to trigeminal nerve stimulation with latencies of shorter<br />
than 20 ms. Thus, somatosensory information conveyed to the ACC<br />
by multisynaptic ascending pathways derived predominantly from<br />
myelinated primary afferents and may be used to subserve affectivemotivational<br />
aspects of pain.<br />
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