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CHAPTER II. RELIGIOUS LIFE IN ENGLAND. LITURGY AND DISCIPLINE. (1066-1200.) THE Norman Conquest found the Saxons at large effete Christians who were fast relapsing into barbarism. The national vices were gaining the upper hand, and all that was strong and noble in their nature was lost sight of in the passions " of the hour. Still the Island of Saints held to its inheritance. The fragrance of St. Gregory's angeli lingered in St. Wulstan and St. Edward. The new foreign yoke tried and perfected a race which contributed so large an element to the formation of a :reat people. At the time of the Conquest the higher life was represented by two religious bodies, Benedictines and Austin Canons, who throughout remained the most numerous. Excepting the Carthusians, every order or reform originally belonged to one of these tw< great famil Th f. f Cl d f Cit w o f: St. Benedict, wh tl Canons, who followed the Eule of St. Augustine, (162)
CLUNY AND CITEAUX. 163 were principally divided into (1) Austin Canons, (2) Gilbertine Canons-the one essentially English order and (3) Premonstratensian Canons, also called White Canons. The Beform of Cluny was remarkable for its regular and splendid observance of liturgy. In the person of its abbot, Cluny admitted William the Conqueror to a participation of its prayers and good works, and it is said that the King showed more gratitude for this spiritual favour than for the crown of England. William urged Abbot Hugh to send some of his monks to England so that they might reform the Saxon monasteries. The Abbot, however, had heard discouraging reports of the Conqueror's mode of dealing with monks in general, and it was not till 1077 that the first Cluniac house was founded at Lewes in Sussex.1 The Priories of Lewes and Wenlock in Shropshire were the chief Cluniac monasteries, which became fairly numerous. The sister reform of Citeaux was more widely spread in England. St. Bobert of Molesme was the original founder of the Cistercians, or White Monks, but an Englishman, St. Stephen Harding (1112), and the great St. Bernard (1113), gave that practical impulse to the reform which it required in order to take root. It, too, was founded on a strict observance of St. Benedict's Rule, and made prayer and tilling the ground its special features. Cistercians singled 1 Rohrbacher, Universalgeschichte der Katholischen Kirche. In dentscJier Bearbeituna von Dr. A. Franz, v. 15. 40. 97. 98.
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imprimatur. HERBEHTUS, ABCHIEP. ELE
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(To tj»c tttartnrs of (tnglaub. LI
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VI11 CONTENTS. SECOND PERIOD. FROM
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X AUTHORITIES CONSULTED. Collins, R
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Xll AUTHORITIES CONSULTED. Rohrbach
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A.D. 30-597. two centuries of warfa
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4 A.D. 30-597. to the fountain head
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6 A.D. 30-597. no success. Then spi
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8 A.D. 30-597. and compelling the c
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10 A.D. 30-597. probably metropolit
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A.D. 30-597. nationalists rather th
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CHAPTEK I THE MESSENGERS OF PEACE (
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LIBRARY ST. MARY'S COLLEGE MISSION
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MISSION OF ST. -GREGORY. 19 you hav
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MISSION OF ST. GREGORY. 21 how was
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MISSION OF ST. GREGORY. which are w
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UNITY OF FAITH AND DISCIPLINE. :> h
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UNITY OF FAITH AND DISCIPLINE. 27 t
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CHAPTEE II. " NOT AXGLI BUT ANGELI"
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FOUNDATION OF WESTMINSTER. 31 calle
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SAXON PRINCESSES. 33 bert'.s, and h
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ST. AIDAN. So arose.1 Many touching
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ST. BIRINUS. » visited Northumbria
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THE SAXON HOUSEL. out St. Gregory's
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SCHOOL AT CANTERBURY. 41 to Rome mi
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AN GEL I. Faremoutier, Clielles and
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CHAPTER III. THE FIRST OF AN INVINC
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EASTER CONTROVERSY. 47 th his pries
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OF ST. PETER. 49 Church, and the ga
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CONFESSOBSHIP. 51 ; [ King Oswy die
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FOB ST. PETER. I have climbed up th
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FOR ST. PETER. follow St. Benedict'
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BY ST. PETER. the universal Catholi
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ST. \VILFliII) AND ST. BENNET BISCO
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RELIGIOUS LIFK. 61 of our Blessed L
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SAXON PRINCESSES. 63 Milgitha.1 Wul
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VENERABLE BEDE. departs from a wron
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ST. BONIFACE. 67 due to the persona
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HERTFORD. 69 whom wTas joined throu
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SAXON ARCHBISHOPS. r. 1 sensitive w
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THE ROME SCOT. 78 bear witness to t
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SPIRIT OF Offa. The same twenty art
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IMMA'S CHAINS. " 77 has to relate o
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DRYTHELM'S STORY. 79 Bede's third s
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THE DANES. 81 the North first appea
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DISCIPLINE. 83 were, strictly speak
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SPIRITUAL UNITY. 85 j When in a per
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THE DANES. 87 It is not beside the
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DANES IN EAST ANGLIA. * land one th
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ST. EDMUND. 91 long time together w
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KING ALFRED. 93 put Alfred in posse
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KING ALFRED. 95 Knowledge without p
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DEATH OF ALFRED. 97 obscure in orig
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LIBRARY ST. MARY'S COLLEG CHAPTEE V
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AT COURT. (' 101 It death, he betho
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EJ)\VV THE FAIR. 10" deserving sove
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ST. DUNSTAN. 105 There is, perhaps,
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A REFORMED. 107 " Tluit no priest r
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REFORMS. 109 carried the vigour -^
Page 127 and 128: .3SLFRIC THE TRANSLATOR. Ill bought
Page 129 and 130: ST. ELPHEGE. 113 appearing amongst
Page 131 and 132: ST. EDWARD THE CONFESSOR. 115 ness.
Page 133 and 134: SAXON PERIOD. 117 siastical discipl
Page 135 and 136: SAXON PEHIOD. tensions. A stronger
Page 137 and 138: SAXON PERIOD. 121 The Saxons had a
Page 139 and 140: SAXON PEEIOD. 1'23 trial by ordeal:
Page 141: SAXON PERIOD. 125 Richard Wethershe
Page 145 and 146: CHAPTEB I. THE NORMAN' KINGS AND TH
Page 147 and 148: LIBRARY ST. MARY S COLLEG ECCLESIAS
Page 149 and 150: NORMAN CONSUETV1>1XEX. 133 he did n
Page 151 and 152: ST. ANSELM. 135 ^ Even at the dista
Page 153 and 154: AHCH BISHOP. 137 would have it by f
Page 155 and 156: IN CONFLICT. 131 > Wickedness in it
Page 157 and 158: ROCKINGHAM. 141 Had Anselm lent him
Page 159 and 160: THE HIERARCHY. 143 by a multitude o
Page 161 and 162: DKATH OF WILLIAM RUFUS. aim. The fe
Page 163 and 164: MATILDA ATHELING. 147 they depended
Page 165 and 166: INVESTITURE. 149 openly asserted hi
Page 167 and 168: HENRY'S CONSUETUDINES. 151 to make
Page 169 and 170: COUNCIL AT WESTMINSTER. 153 tion of
Page 171 and 172: STRUGGLE. 155 possession of churche
Page 173 and 174: ARCHBISHOP OF YORK. Turstin was qui
Page 175 and 176: KING. 159 * show that he would have
Page 177: or YORK. 161 consuetu dines. Pope E
Page 181 and 182: ST. GILBERT OF SEMPRINGHAM. 165 Eng
Page 183 and 184: THE GILBERTINES. 167 Gilbertine con
Page 185 and 186: ALIEN PRIORIES. !
Page 187 and 188: MILITARY OHD 171 In ordinary relati
Page 189 and 190: ENGLISH USES. 173 except ill the La
Page 191 and 192: BARTHOLOMEW OF EXETER. 175 legend,
Page 193 and 194: ADRIAN IV. 177 Neither father nor m
Page 195 and 196: BIRTH OF ST. THOMAS. 1/1) time of H
Page 197 and 198: THE CHANCELLOR. 181 however promine
Page 199 and 200: THE ARCHBISHOP. 183 the mark of kin
Page 201 and 202: LOSS OF ROYAL FAVOUR. 185 elected t
Page 203 and 204: ONSTITUTIOXS OF CLARENDON. 187 " sa
Page 205 and 206: OUXCIL OF NORTHAMPTON. 189 The Arch
Page 207 and 208: FLIGHT. 191 I here appeal, placing
Page 209 and 210: ST. THOMAS IN FRANCE. 193 of cruelt
Page 211 and 212: RETURN OF ST. THOMAS. 195 Louis of
Page 213 and 214: THE MARTYRDOM. 197 The murderers ap
Page 215 and 216: CHAPTEK IV. PLAXTAGEXETS AX^D BISHO
Page 217 and 218: HICHARD OF DOVER. 201 the murder of
Page 219 and 220: BISHOP OF LINCOLN. 203 emergency. H
Page 221 and 222: HENRY II. 205 sent to bring him a n
Page 223 and 224: IUCHARD I. "207 tending over nine c
Page 225 and 226: RICHARD I. '209 regard to some rich
Page 227 and 228: STEPHEN LANGTOX. 211 of the king's
Page 229 and 230:
THE INTERDICT. '213 The three Bisho
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INTERDICT REMOVED. 215 France, the
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DEATH OF INNOCENT III. 217 eyes the
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CHAFTEB V. THE FRIARS (1219). IT wa
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FKANCISCAKS. 221 allowed to possess
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DOMINICANS. "2-2X astronomical accu
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ST. SIMON STOCK. ' 2'25 A Francisca
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ISHOP OF LINCOLN. 2'27 sin. He coul
Page 245 and 246:
PAPAL SUBSIDIES. '229 the English s
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AND INNOCENT IV. 231 the Lord of th
Page 249 and 250:
THE FRANCISCANS AT OXFORD. 233 subj
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fi I D A n w r V CHAPTER VI. THE FR
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ST. i.DMUND KICK. 237 tion. It was
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SIMON DE MOXTFOBT. '23(.) Edmund wa
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DEATH OF ST. EDMUND. 241 He died at
Page 259 and 260:
DKATH OF ST. RICHARD. 243 lodged by
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THE FIRST PARLIAMENT. "24.-) off fr
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ST. THOMAS CANTILUPB. 247 given up
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ST. THOMAS OF HEREFORD. "249 exact
Page 267 and 268:
CHAPTEE VII. THE THREE EDWARDS (]27
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STATUTKS OF MORTMAIN. 253 ut the gr
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\XD KIAVAKl) I. "2 5 5 time the fri
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THE JEWS. Before Edward returned, i
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1 i
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IN CONFLICT. proved far more unruly
Page 279 and 280:
EDWARD II. 263 soluteness which pre
Page 281 and 282:
ADAM ORLTON. '2(>5 'vas fairly inde
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POLICY OF EDWARD III. 267 her as mu
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AND PRJ3MUNIRE. brated act of Parli
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SAINTS AND SINNERS. 271 the convers
Page 289 and 290:
THE BLACK DEATH. 273 meat of youths
Page 291 and 292:
CHAPTEE VIII SCHISM, HERESV, AND IN
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OF AVIGNON. 'J77 returning to Rome.
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OF AVIGNON. 279 return to Kome, but
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THE PAPAL SCHISM. 281 that is, to t
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WYCLIFFE. 283 into the weak hands o
Page 301 and 302:
PECULIAR CLERK ' . 285 I loss of pr
Page 303 and 304:
WYCLIFFE. amble is couched in ambig
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WYCLIFFE AND THE BIBLE. 289 erroneo
Page 307 and 308:
LIBRARY ST. MARY'S COLLEGE THE POLL
Page 309 and 310:
SIMON SUDBURY. 293 3,ve his executi
Page 311 and 312:
AT OXFORD. 295 Kichard of Armagh in
Page 313 and 314:
DEATH OF WYCLIFFE. 297 tiation. Had
Page 315 and 316:
DETHRONEMKNT OF RICHARD II. 299 dis
Page 317 and 318:
LEGISLATION AGAINST HERESY. 301 bis
Page 319 and 320:
STATUTE EX FFK'I. 308 in view. They
Page 321 and 322:
ARCHBISHOP SCROPE. 305 what uncerta
Page 323 and 324:
THE ALIEN PRIORIES. 307 had another
Page 325 and 326:
ON PRsEMUNIRE. 309 * the action of
Page 327 and 328:
ARCHBISHOP. 311 dynasty, and made t
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ARCHBISHOP. of Canterbury. He had s
Page 331 and 332:
WILLIAM WHITE. 315 gerous agitator,
Page 333 and 334:
REGINALD PECOCK. 317 ' Wycliffe tha
Page 335 and 336:
ETON COLLEGE. and Cambridge ^ ^ aft
Page 337 and 338:
HENRY VI. AND PR&MUN1RE. 3-21 so. H
Page 339 and 340:
CHAPTER X. WARS OF ROSKS: CAUSE AND
Page 341 and 342:
EDWARD IV. 325 changes of dynasty.
Page 343 and 344:
KICHARD III. 327 Edward's death she
Page 345 and 346:
EDWARD IV. 329 * conscious of their
Page 347 and 348:
HENRY VII. 331 giversations, it was
Page 349 and 350:
CHAPTER XI REVIEW OF THE SECOND PER
Page 351 and 352:
THE LITURGY. 335 The riches of the
Page 353 and 354:
CHANTRIES. 337 whether in this worl
Page 355 and 356:
SANCTUARY. 339 purgatory. They had
Page 357 and 358:
THE KECLUSES. 341 those who eat the
Page 359 and 360:
RELIGIOUS HOUSES. 343 82; Benedicti
Page 361 and 362:
RARY ST. MARY'S COLLEG CORPUS CHHIS
Page 363 and 364:
HA1UT OF COMMUNION. 347 disuse of t
Page 365 and 366:
CHOICE OF CONFESSOR. 340 century, a
Page 367 and 368:
GUILDS. 351 "with the effigy I of H
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SHRINES OF OUR LADY. 35H was to our
Page 371 and 372:
THE SAINTS. 355 to her seven joys w
Page 373 and 374:
()F SAINTS. 357 of Canterbury, exce
Page 375 and 376:
CATHOLIC CHURCH. 359 was won, no th
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INDEX
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364 INDEX in Bertha, queen of Kent,
Page 382 and 383:
3(36 INDEX. Eleutherius, Pope St.,
Page 384 and 385:
368 INDEX. L. Lanfranc, archbishop
Page 386 and 387:
370 INDEX. Sarum Customary, 172. Sa
Page 389 and 390:
SELECTION FROM RN GATES' Catalogue
Page 391 and 392:
No. 2. 1891. SELECTION FROM BURNS A
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CATALOGUE OF PUBLICATIONS. 5 BRIDGE
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CATALOGUE OF PUBLICATIONS. 7 FABER,
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CATALOGUE OF PUBLICATIONS. 9 GROWTH
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CATALOGUE OF PUBLICATIONS. ii MANNI
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CATALOGUE OF PUBLICATIONS. 13 NEWMA
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LIBRARY ST. MARY'S COLLEGF CATALOGU
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UBRAR V COLLEGE
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. * , i i * * '"* ' f t| ;/ »' f,
Page 413:
E- ARCH 1VF
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