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Key milestones<br />

2011: <strong>Maize</strong>‐based system and poverty profiles characterized and constraints mapped using existing<br />

information and community surveys.<br />

2011: Promising technologies identified and links established with other institutions with crucial<br />

research capacity for complementary crops, trees, or livestock, resulting in an inter‐disciplinary,<br />

inter‐institutional research for development team.<br />

2012: Representative benchmark sites for specific agro‐ecologies within maize farming system<br />

identified and established (6–10 per farming system). Farmer‐participatory research trials<br />

implemented with a distinct number of integrated technology and innovation options—<br />

including improved varieties, conservation agriculture practices, crop rotations, crop<br />

diversification, and other variations of farmer resource allocation.<br />

2012: Baseline surveys started in communities, households, and markets around research hubs, and<br />

in selected areas where no interventions are taking place.<br />

2013: Baseline data analyzed and limitations to system productivity, including value chains of the<br />

principal enterprises, documented for each of the target productions systems in the hubs.<br />

2013: Ex‐ante analysis of economic profitability, poverty reduction, and sustainability gains from<br />

tested and potential interventions assessed.<br />

2014: Initial results from integrated technologies and CA‐based innovation systems tested in<br />

consultation with farmers (2011–13), and opportunities for improvement, intensification, and<br />

diversification incorporated into participatory on‐farm research programs. Outside<br />

development partners exposed to ongoing research, and scale‐out opportunities discussed.<br />

2014: Crop/soil simulation models validated across several hubs. Optimal enterprise mixes for<br />

sustainable intensification, risk reduction, and inclusive income growth identified for on‐farm<br />

testing.<br />

2015: Strategies for enhancing farmer access to scalable technologies and enterprise options<br />

developed and tested, including ICT‐enabled information centers.<br />

2016: Decision guides for effectively transmitting and scaling out profitable and more sustainable<br />

options developed, and mechanisms for accelerated diffusion to large numbers of farmers<br />

implemented.<br />

2016: Early adoption studies conducted in selected hubs, on‐ and off‐site impacts of integrated<br />

innovations on food security, income growth, gender equity, and sustainability evaluated, and<br />

results shared with partners.<br />

2014‐16: Partner efforts to scale out successful interventions through public–private partnerships,<br />

NGOs, change agents and governments facilitated in all hubs.<br />

Linkages with other SIs<br />

SI 2 shall have strong linkages with (a) SI 1 with regard to geo‐spatial information on poverty and<br />

socioeconomic profiles in target environments, as well as knowledge on livelihood strategies and<br />

sources of income growth in different maize‐based systems; (b) SI 3 in relation to decision guides, bestbet<br />

technologies, and CA practices; and (c) SIs 4 and 5 for identification of varieties that are best suited<br />

under different agronomic situations and management practices.<br />

What's new in this initiative?<br />

The key innovation and guiding principle for SI 2 is the integration of best‐bet technological options and<br />

institutional innovations to address multiple constraints that lock smallholder farmers into a nexus of<br />

poverty and land degradation—a threat to the livelihoods of both current and future generations. The<br />

pluralistic approach goes beyond addressing constraints in maize production and aims to tackle system‐<br />

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