EQUITABLE PUBLIC INVESTMENThad a spillover effect on <strong>in</strong>dustrial cities such asChelsea, Lawrence, Lowell, <strong>and</strong> Brockton.Grow<strong>in</strong>g pockets <strong>of</strong> struggl<strong>in</strong>g families <strong>in</strong>communities much farther from Boston are aproduct <strong>of</strong> the same gentrification phenomenon. 22Low-wage workers <strong>in</strong> Boston <strong>and</strong> the surround<strong>in</strong>gformer <strong>in</strong>dustrial centers are f<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>g that jobs are<strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>gly located <strong>in</strong> less accessible exurbanlocations <strong>and</strong> that their hous<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> transportationcosts are tak<strong>in</strong>g an ever larger share <strong>of</strong> their paycheck,even <strong>in</strong> the midst <strong>of</strong> an economic boom.In the northern reaches <strong>of</strong> the greater Bostonmetropolitan area, environmental <strong>and</strong> open spaceadvocates are ask<strong>in</strong>g hard questions about how issues<strong>of</strong> hous<strong>in</strong>g affordability <strong>in</strong> Boston impact theirefforts at habitat preservation. “There are entirecommunities that do not buy <strong>in</strong>to the need,” says EdBecker, executive director <strong>of</strong> Essex County GreenbeltAssociation, a 3,000-member open space l<strong>and</strong> trust.“We need to start see<strong>in</strong>g the connection <strong>and</strong> therehas to be political leadership to translate thatrecognition to policy change.”Staff from PolicyL<strong>in</strong>k ventured to Boston <strong>in</strong> June2001 at the <strong>in</strong>vitation <strong>of</strong> the board <strong>of</strong> the HyamsFoundation, due to considerable <strong>in</strong>terest <strong>in</strong> hear<strong>in</strong>gwhat lessons PolicyL<strong>in</strong>k could share from itsemerg<strong>in</strong>g national work. 23 Just weeks earlier,PolicyL<strong>in</strong>k had launched its Equitable DevelopmentToolKit as an onl<strong>in</strong>e resource to identify strategiesthat address residential <strong>and</strong> small bus<strong>in</strong>essdisplacement <strong>and</strong> other negative consequencesassociated with gentrification. “We suspected that alot <strong>of</strong> our grantees would be <strong>in</strong>terested <strong>in</strong> hear<strong>in</strong>gabout what PolicyL<strong>in</strong>k had learned, so we pulledtogether an afternoon session for the community,”recalls Cathy Cha, former program <strong>of</strong>ficer for theHyams Foundation. “It was assembled rather hastily,actually. We were concerned that no one wouldbe able to make it.” Yet 40 communityrepresentatives attended.By the time <strong>of</strong> the March 2002 national conven<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong> Kansas City, more than a dozen organizations <strong>in</strong>greater Boston were th<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g proactively aboutregional equity policy. To help further thisth<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g, the Hyams Foundation decided toprovide scholarship support to several <strong>of</strong> theirgrantees to ensure that they could attend thenational conven<strong>in</strong>g. “It was pretty evident that ourgroups needed to be there,” recalls Cha. “Therewere lessons they could <strong>of</strong>fer other regions, <strong>and</strong> alot they could learn.” At the end <strong>of</strong> theproceed<strong>in</strong>gs, the Boston caucus shared a f<strong>in</strong>al lunch<strong>and</strong> considered the implications for regional equity<strong>in</strong> greater Boston.It was clear that for a collaborative effort to beworthwhile, it would need to meet a range <strong>of</strong>exist<strong>in</strong>g needs <strong>and</strong> achieve a set <strong>of</strong> common goalsfor the local organizations. For Marv<strong>in</strong> Mart<strong>in</strong>, itmeant gett<strong>in</strong>g outcomes relevant to his constituentswith less hassle. Mart<strong>in</strong> directs the Greater FourCorners Action Coalition, a neighborhood-basedplann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> economic development nonpr<strong>of</strong>itserv<strong>in</strong>g Dorchester, Mass. “We do not need to jo<strong>in</strong>another coalition,” he declares, repeat<strong>in</strong>g a themeresonant with other representatives, “but any effortthat can make policy impact easier <strong>in</strong> ourcommunities is worth talk<strong>in</strong>g about.”Even more, it meant ceas<strong>in</strong>g the endless cycle <strong>of</strong>skirmishes with <strong>in</strong>dividual l<strong>and</strong>lords throughout thecity, expla<strong>in</strong>s Mark Pedulla, lead organizer for CityLife/Vida Urbana. Pedulla <strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>gly found himselfdrawn across a farbroader swath <strong>of</strong> thecity, defend<strong>in</strong>g“What will make this worthtenants frompursu<strong>in</strong>g is if we couldevictions bynegotiat<strong>in</strong>g rent really th<strong>in</strong>k about policy <strong>in</strong>stabilizationa way that cuts across allcollective barga<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> our primary missionsagreements—one <strong>and</strong> makes it worth stay<strong>in</strong>gbuild<strong>in</strong>g at a time. <strong>in</strong> that conversation“We are gett<strong>in</strong>g because <strong>of</strong> what results.”called on more <strong>and</strong>— Warren Goldste<strong>in</strong>-Gelbmore to provideservices citywide,despite be<strong>in</strong>g anorganization focused on Jamaica Pla<strong>in</strong>. We needsolutions that can impact thous<strong>and</strong>s, not dozens.”F<strong>in</strong>ally, Warren Goldste<strong>in</strong>-Gelb, program director atAlternatives for Community & Environment (ACE),surmises, “What will make this worth pursu<strong>in</strong>g is ifwe could really th<strong>in</strong>k about policy <strong>in</strong> a way that cutsacross all <strong>of</strong> our primary missions <strong>and</strong> makes it worthstay<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> that conversation because <strong>of</strong> what results.”22The William Monroe Trotter Institute at the University <strong>of</strong>Massachusetts, Boston is conduct<strong>in</strong>g a study for the Annie E. CaseyFoundation that <strong>in</strong>cludes f<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>gs on displacement <strong>of</strong> the AfricanAmerican community.23PolicyL<strong>in</strong>k was founded <strong>in</strong> 1999.53Funders’ Network for Smart Growth <strong>and</strong> Livable Communities
To meet all <strong>of</strong> these objectives, the group committedunequivocally that its discussion must always leadwith equity. Too <strong>of</strong>ten, organizations represent<strong>in</strong>glow-<strong>in</strong>come communities <strong>and</strong> populations <strong>of</strong> colorwould engage <strong>in</strong> public processes only to f<strong>in</strong>d thatwhen the hard decisions had to be made, their needswere most readily compromised—or ignoredaltogether. Second, they agreed that those fac<strong>in</strong>g theproblem should be at the forefront <strong>of</strong> the solution,creat<strong>in</strong>g an opportunity for constituency to drive aprocess. Third, the regional equity framework forcedthe issue <strong>and</strong> connected the dots, because bydef<strong>in</strong>ition it blurred traditional divisions that hadlimited the effectiveness <strong>of</strong> previous conversations.Geography, ethnicity, issue area, developmenttype—each <strong>of</strong> these characteristics could <strong>in</strong>hibitpublic discourse. A conversation solely abouthous<strong>in</strong>g might not address the realities <strong>of</strong> workforcedevelopment <strong>and</strong> transportation that <strong>in</strong>fluence afamily’s ability to own a home. For many <strong>of</strong> thegroups, the regional equity framework represented aref<strong>in</strong>ement <strong>of</strong> smart growth that was morefundamentally tied to their values. PolicyL<strong>in</strong>kcommited to facilitat<strong>in</strong>g the dialogue until a clearagenda for action emerged.Those committed toemerg<strong>in</strong>g smartFor many <strong>of</strong> the groups, the growth dialogues als<strong>of</strong>ound participationregional equity frameworkuseful. “There is norepresented a ref<strong>in</strong>ementquestion that<strong>of</strong> smart growth that was <strong>in</strong>teract<strong>in</strong>g with thismore fundamentally tied to group hastheir values.significantlysharpened myth<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g on equityissues that did not come up <strong>in</strong> some <strong>of</strong> theenvironmental circles where I was focused,” observesNancy Goodman <strong>of</strong> the Environmental League <strong>of</strong>Massachusetts.Several meet<strong>in</strong>gs led to a decision to commission areport to explore the state <strong>of</strong> regional equity forgreater Boston. PolicyL<strong>in</strong>k provided primaryresearch, <strong>in</strong>terview<strong>in</strong>g 88 regional leaders <strong>in</strong> thenonpr<strong>of</strong>it, academic, government, <strong>and</strong> philanthropicsectors to develop its assessment—rely<strong>in</strong>g heavily onwhat had become a 14-member steer<strong>in</strong>g committeefor guidance. A key part <strong>of</strong> that research requiredadherence to the pr<strong>in</strong>ciple <strong>of</strong> engagement; to thatend, the group held two <strong>Regional</strong> Equity Summits<strong>in</strong> Boston as a way to share its evolv<strong>in</strong>g research <strong>and</strong>get substantive <strong>in</strong>put <strong>in</strong>to its ref<strong>in</strong>ement. More than160 community <strong>and</strong> organizational leaders attendedthe two events. At the second meet<strong>in</strong>g, held on April11, 2003, the next-to-f<strong>in</strong>al draft <strong>of</strong> the regionalequity report was distributed <strong>and</strong> reviewed. Eightyrepresentatives from community-based, government,<strong>and</strong> philanthropic organizations discussed the policypriorities identified by the leadership group <strong>and</strong>ref<strong>in</strong>ed the ideas <strong>in</strong> the report for short-term actions.At the second meet<strong>in</strong>g, half <strong>of</strong> the participants werebased <strong>in</strong> towns beyond Boston. The larger turnoutfrom other cities was the result <strong>of</strong> a priorityidentified by people at the first conven<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> theconcerted effort on the part <strong>of</strong> the committee.From these meet<strong>in</strong>gs, the f<strong>in</strong>al report emerged,Promise <strong>and</strong> Challenge: Achiev<strong>in</strong>g <strong>Regional</strong> Equity <strong>in</strong>Greater Boston, identify<strong>in</strong>g troubl<strong>in</strong>g trends <strong>and</strong> richopportunities for the region. 24 The steer<strong>in</strong>gcommittee participat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> this process, now knownas Action for <strong>Regional</strong> Equity (Action!), set forth aseries <strong>of</strong> policy recommendations <strong>and</strong> began its ownpriority-sett<strong>in</strong>g process to determ<strong>in</strong>e what course itwould pursue. The steer<strong>in</strong>g committee ultimatelygrew to a leadership group <strong>of</strong> 20 <strong>of</strong> the state’s lead<strong>in</strong>gequity organizations.Funder InterestOne crucial challenge lay <strong>in</strong> the complexity <strong>of</strong> themessage. Local foundations already supported therespective <strong>in</strong>dividual work <strong>of</strong> many <strong>of</strong> theorganizations <strong>in</strong>volved <strong>in</strong> the effort. A challengeemerged as these groups sought additional support toextend their th<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g, challenge the exist<strong>in</strong>g regionaldevelopment paradigm, br<strong>in</strong>g new constituencies tothe public conversation, <strong>and</strong> engage <strong>in</strong> potentiallycontroversial work.The Barr Foundation’s <strong>in</strong>terest <strong>in</strong> protect<strong>in</strong>genvironmental resources, promot<strong>in</strong>g smart growth,ensur<strong>in</strong>g environmental justice, <strong>and</strong> advanc<strong>in</strong>geducational equity led them to take a closer look atAction! <strong>and</strong> its potential for policy impact. As Barr’ssenior program <strong>of</strong>ficer, Mariella Tan Puerto, expla<strong>in</strong>s,“Equity advocates who represent constituencies thathave been historically marg<strong>in</strong>alized <strong>and</strong>disempowered need the opportunity to takeleadership <strong>and</strong> set the equity agenda on their own24PolicyL<strong>in</strong>k. Promise <strong>and</strong> Challenge: Achiev<strong>in</strong>g <strong>Regional</strong> Equity <strong>in</strong> GreaterBoston (2003). Available at www.policyl<strong>in</strong>k.org.EQUITABLE PUBLIC INVESTMENTPart III: Section 1: Promot<strong>in</strong>g Equitable Public Investment 54
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Stories of Philanthropic Leadership
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Signs of Promise:Stories of Philant
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(II. B.)(II. C.)Turning Neighborhoo
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increased their personal wealth by
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PART V:Glossary of TermsThe terms d
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Regional and neighborhood equity. A
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Tijuana River Reserve, California:h
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