ORCHIDACEAE - China

EPIDENDROIDEAE 20770. DIDYMOPLEXIOPSIS Seidenfaden, Contr. Orchid Fl. Thailand 13: 13. 1997.拟 锚 柱 兰 属 ni mao zhu lan shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Stephan W. Gale, Phillip J. CribbHerbs, terrestrial, small, holomycotrophic. Rhizome moniliform, tuberous, fleshy, neck sometimes with a few filiform roots;roots white. Stem erect, slender, with a few scalelike sheaths, leafless, glabrous. Inflorescence erect, terminal, racemose, 2- to severalflowered; floral bracts triangular, very small. Flowers spreading, resupinate, opening in succession, white or pale yellowish brown,small. Sepals and petals similar, elliptic-ovate; dorsal sepal and petals united at very base; lateral sepals united for up to 1/3 of theirlength and with base of column foot; lip broadly cuneate, fleshy, adnate with column foot and articulate at joint, lateral cornersobtuse and incurved, not spurred, apex truncate and weakly emarginate; disk with irregular papillose calli at base and at apex. Columnstout, with a distinct column foot, dilated at apex and with 2 wings, wings attenuate into decurved stelidia on either side of stigma;column foot elongate, with rows of tiny red blotches; anther terminal; rostellum erect, transverse, small; stigma broad, placeddirectly below rostellum.One species: China, Thailand, Vietnam.1. Didymoplexiopsis khiriwongensis Seidenfaden, Contr. OrchidFl. Thailand 13: 13. 1997.拟 锚 柱 兰 ni mao zhu lanDidymoplexiella hainanensis X. H. Jin & S. C. Chen.Plants slender, 5–16 cm tall. Rhizome fusiform or moniliform,50–60 mm, 3–10 mm in diam. Stem 5–15 cm, with 2 or 3scalelike sheaths, brown; sheaths 1.5–2.5 mm. Rachis 0.7–0.9cm, densely 2–4-flowered; floral bracts triangular-lanceolate,1.5–2 mm, apex acute. Flowers spreading, pale yellowish white;pedicel and ovary 0.5–1.5 cm, brown. Dorsal sepal and petalsovate-elliptic, 7–13 × 3–5 mm, united only at very base, apexobtuse; lateral sepals ovate-elliptic, 10–13 × ca. 4 mm, connatewith each other for up to 1/3 of their length, and with petalsonly at their very base, apex obtuse; lip cuneate, 5–6 × 11–12mm, articulate at joint with column foot, margin undulate; diskwith irregular papillose calli at base and at apex. Column ca. 2mm, dilated at apex, column wings narrow and extending intodecurved stelidia; each stelidium 2.5–3 mm; column foot deflexed,elongate, 4–5 mm, adnate with lip, with red blotches. Fl.Mar.Humid evergreen forests; 700–800 m. Hainan [Thailand, Vietnam].71. STEREOSANDRA Blume, Mus. Bot. 2: 176. 1856.肉 药 兰 属 rou yao lan shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Stephan W. Gale, Phillip J. CribbHerbs, terrestrial, holomycotrophic. Rhizome tuberous, fusiform to oblong, fleshy, noded, lacking roots. Stem erect, withscalelike or tubular sheaths at nodes, white with violet streaks, leafless, glabrous. Inflorescence terminal, racemose, with a few tomany well-spaced flowers; floral bracts lanceolate. Flowers usually pendulous, resupinate, not opening widely, white with violetmarkings; pedicel and ovary short, conic. Sepals and petals free, connivent, similar, lanceolate; lip similar to petals but wider, entire,concave, margin undulate and incurved, ecallose, with 2 glands at base, not spurred. Column stout, fleshy, lacking a column foot;anther suberect, borne on a broad filament arising from back of column; pollinia 2, clavate, granular-farinaceous, with a longcommon caudicle and attached to a small common viscidium; stigma exserted, continuous with rostellum. Capsule maturing rapidly.One species: widespread in SE Asia, extending north to S China and S Japan (Ryukyu Islands) and southeast to New Guinea and the SolomonIslands.1. Stereosandra javanica Blume, Mus. Bot. 2: 176. 1856.肉 药 兰 rou yao lanStereosandra javanica var. papuana J. J. Smith; S. koidzumianaOhwi; S. liukiuensis Tuyama; S. pendula Kraenzlin.Plants to 30 cm tall. Rhizome 1.5–4 × 1–2.5 cm. Stemwhitish with violet streaks, with many scalelike sheaths; sheathsbrownish, clustered near base of stem, becoming more widelyspaced above, to ca. 1.8 cm. Rachis laxly 5- to more than 10-flowered; floral bracts erect, 6–7 mm, mostly shorter thanovary. Flowers pendulous, off-white, tinged with deep violet atapex; pedicel and ovary to ca. 1 cm. Sepals and petals similar,lanceolate, 7–9 × ca. 2.5 mm, apex acute; lip ovate-lanceolate,ca. 8 × 3.5 mm, concave, containing 2 low, wartlike calli at base.Column short, ca. 2 mm excluding anther; anther borne on abroad filament, cucullate, ca. 2.5 mm; stigma terminal. Capsuleelliptic, to ca. 1 cm. Fl. Jun–Jul.Evergreen forests; below 1200 m. S Taiwan, S Yunnan [Indonesia,Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Malaysia, New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand,Vietnam; Pacific islands (Solomon Islands)].72. EPIPOGIUM J. G. Gmelin ex Borkhausen, Tent. Disp. Pl. German. 139. 1792.虎 舌 兰 属 hu she lan shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Stephan W. Gale, Phillip J. CribbCeratopsis Lindley; Galera Blume; Podanthera Wight.