ORCHIDACEAE - China

EPIDENDROIDEAE 245wider than dorsal sepal. Petals narrowly oblong, 1–1.2 × ca. 0.2mm, abaxially with setiform protrusions near apex, apex obtuse;lip suboblong, 1–1.3 mm, inconspicuously 3-lobed; laterallobes with several irregularly fimbriate laciniae on margins;mid-lobe with several similar laciniae on margin, central laciniato 1 mm, longer than lateral ones. Column short, stout. Capsulesubellipsoid, ca. 4 × 2.5–3 mm; fruiting pedicel less than 0.5mm. Fl. and fr. Aug–Oct.Epiphytic on branches of trees in forests or thickets; 1200–1500m. W Guangxi, S and SW Guizhou, Jiangxi, Sichuan, S and SE Yunnan[India, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].Lindley (Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 16. 1830) misapplied the nameOberonia myosurus (Forster) Lindley to this species when judgingWallich 1947 to be conspecific with the Pacific island Epidendrummyosurus Forster, which is now referred to Phreatia myosurus (Forster)Ames (see Seidenfaden, Opera Bot. 124: 19. 1995).82. RISLEYA King & Pantling, Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 8: 246. 1898.紫 茎 兰 属 zi jing lan shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Stephan W. Gale, Phillip J. CribbHerbs, terrestrial, holomycotrophic, leafless. Rhizome subterranean, creeping, with a few widely spaced roots. Stem erect,cylindric, leafless, glabrous, with 2 or 3 sheaths at base. Inflorescence terminal, racemose, glabrous, densely many flowered; floralbracts persistent. Flowers very small, not resupinate, fleshy. Sepals similar, free. Petals usually shorter and narrower than sepals; lipsuperior, unlobed, concave. Column clavate, short; anther subterminal, 2-locular; pollinia 4, in 2 pairs, waxy, without caudicle,directly attached to a thick, oblong viscidium; rostellum stout, exserted, protruding beyond anther.One species: Bhutan, China, India (Sikkim), Myanmar.1. Risleya atropurpurea King & Pantling, Ann. Roy. Bot.Gard. Calcutta 8: 247. 1898.紫 茎 兰 zi jing lanPlants 6–21 cm tall. Rhizome narrowly conic to cylindric,1–3 cm, 1.5–2 mm in diam., fleshy. Stem dark purple, with 2 or3 sheaths at base; sheaths tubular, amplexicaul, 0.6–2.5 cm,membranous. Rachis (1–)2.5–7 cm, densely 15–25(–40)-flowered;floral bracts triangular-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate,0.5–0.8 mm, membranous. Flowers dark purple, ca. 2 mm indiam.; pedicel and ovary 1.2–1.5 mm; ovary strongly twisted.Sepals spreading, suboblong, ca. 1.2 × 0.4 mm, apex obtuse.Petals spreading, suboblong-lanceolate, ca. 0.8 × 0.3 mm, apexacute; lip adnate to column at base, broadly ovate, concave, ca.1.2 × 1 mm, basal margin denticulate, apex with an upcurvedmucro. Column ca. 0.3 mm. Capsule ellipsoid, 3–3.5 × 2–2.5mm. Fl. Jul–Aug.Picea forests or thickets; 2900–3700 m. SW Sichuan, SE Xizang,NW Yunnan [Bhutan, India (Sikkim), Myanmar].83. OREORCHIS Lindley, J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 26. 1858.山 兰 属 shan lan shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Phillip J. Cribb, Stephan W. GaleHerbs, terrestrial. Pseudobulb cormlike, subterranean, ovoid-oblong, several noded, with fibrous roots at base, occasionally persistingand remaining connected to pseudobulbs produced in subsequent years by means of a slender rhizome. Leaves 1 or 2, arisingfrom apex of pseudobulb, linear to oblong-lanceolate, plicate, tapering into a long petiole-like stalk at base, often with 1 or 2 membranoussheaths at base. Inflorescence arising from an intermediate node of pseudobulb, erect, terminal, with several tubular sheaths,racemose; rachis several to many flowered; floral bracts persistent, membranous. Flowers small to medium-sized, resupinate. Sepalsand petals free, similar, spreading; lateral sepals sometimes shallowly saccate at base. Lip 3-lobed or entire, clawed at base, without aspur; disk usually with a pair of longitudinal lamellae or a callus, rarely without either. Column long, slightly arcuate, base sometimesdilated, but without a conspicuous foot; anther terminal, incumbent; pollinia 4, subglobose, waxy, borne on a common stipeand attached to a globose viscidium.About 16 species: Bhutan, E and SW China, NE India, Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Nepal, E Russia (Far East, Siberia); 11 species (seven endemic)in China.1a. Leaves 2–4 cm, 2–4 × as long as wide, abruptly contracted at base into a distinct petiole-like stalk.2a. Inflorescence subdensely (2–)5–14-flowered; sepals 6–7 mm; lip 5–7 mm, yellow, with purple spots .................. 10. O. nana2b. Inflorescence laxly 1–3(or 4)-flowered; sepals 12–15 mm; lip 8–10 mm, white to pale purple, withpurple spots .......................................................................................................................................................... 11. O. oligantha1b. Leaves 7–40 cm, 5–20 × as long as wide, tapering at base into a sometimes indistinct petiole-like stalk.3a. Dorsal sepal 15–16 mm; column ca. 8 mm ......................................................................................................... 9. O. nepalensis3b. Dorsal sepal 5.5–11 mm; column 2.5–6 mm.4a. Lip lacking a callus, 3-lobed above middle or sometimes entire ....................................................................... 8. O. foliosa4b. Lip with a callus or a pair of lamellae, 3-lobed at or below middle, never entire.5a. Plants 2-leaved.