ORCHIDACEAE - China

380EPIDENDROIDEAEtrumpet-shaped, both surfaces densely pubescent, base narrowlyclawed, margin irregularly denticulate. Column ca. 3mm; anther cap subconic, densely finely papillate-hairy, frontmargin broadly emarginate. Capsule narrowly obovoid, ca. 4 ×1.2 cm, with a stalk 1–1.5 cm.Epiphytic on tree trunks in open forests, lithophytic on rocks inmountain valleys; 400–1500 m. NW Guangxi, SW Guizhou (Xingyi),SE to W Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal,Vietnam].Some early authors identified material of Dendrobium cucullatumas D. aphyllum (Roxburgh) C. E. C. Fischer (Limodorum aphyllumRoxburgh), but Christenson & H. P. Wood (Orchids 72: 775. 2003)showed Roxburgh’s plant to be D. macrostachyum Lindley, not D.cucullatum.24. Dendrobium polyanthum Wallich ex Lindley, Gen. Sp.Orchid. Pl. 81. 1830.报 春 石 斛 bao chun shi huCallista cretacea (Lindley) Kuntze; C. primulina (Lindley)Kuntze; Dendrobium cretaceum Lindley; D. nobile Lindleyvar. pallidiflorum Hooker; D. primulinum Lindley.Stems pendulous, cylindric, usually 20–35 cm, stout, 8–13mm in diam., fleshy, unbranched, deciduous, with many nodes,internodes 2–2.5 cm. Leaves alternate along entire stem, lanceolateor ovate-lanceolate, 8–10.5 × 2–3 cm, papery, apex obtuseand unequally bilobed; leaf sheath papery or membranous.Inflorescence arising from old stems after leaves have fallen, 1–3-flowered; peduncle penetrating 2 sheaths, cymbiform-concave,ca. 2 mm; basal sheaths 3 or 4, 2–3 mm, membranous;floral bracts pale white, ovate, 5–9 mm, membranous, apexobtuse. Pedicel and ovary yellowish green, 2–2.5 cm. Flowersspreading, pendulous; sepals and petals pale roseate or white(D. cretaceum), lip pale yellow with pale roseate tip, disk withpurplish red stripes, column white, anther cap purple. Dorsalsepal narrowly lanceolate, ca. 30 × 6–8(or more) mm, 3–5-veined, subacute; lateral sepals similar in size and shape, 3–5-veined, base oblique, apex subacute; mentum narrowly conic,ca. 5 mm, obtuse. Petals narrowly oblong, ca. 30 × 7–9 mm,3–5-veined, margin entire, apex obtuse; lip broadly obovate,shorter than wide, ca. 35 mm wide, both sides embracing columnin lower half, both surfaces densely pubescent, marginirregularly denticulate. Column ca. 3 mm; anther cap ellipticconic,densely papillate-hairy, front margin broadly emarginate,apex ± concave.Epiphytic on tree trunks in open forests; 700–1800 m. S Yunnan[N India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].25. Dendrobium crystallinum H. G. Reichenbach, Gard.Chron. 1868: 572. 1868.晶 帽 石 斛 jing mao shi huCallista crystallina (H. G. Reichenbach) Kuntze; Dendrobiumcrystallinum var. hainanense S. J. Cheng & C. Z. Tang.Stems erect or ascending, cylindric, 60–70 cm, 5–7 mm indiam., slightly fleshy, unbranched, with many nodes, internodes3–4 cm. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, 9.5–17.5 × 1.5–2.7 cm,leathery, with several dorsiventrally raised veins, base withclasping sheath, apex long acuminate. Inflorescences several,arising from apex of old deciduous stems, 1- or 2-flowered;peduncle short, 6–8 mm; basal sheaths 3 or 4, 3–5 mm; floralbracts pale white, oblong, 1–1.5 cm, membranous, apex acute.Pedicel and ovary 3–4 cm. Flowers spreading, large; sepals andpetals creamy white, upper part purplish red, lip orange, upperpart purplish red. Dorsal sepal narrowly oblong-lanceolate, ca.3.2 × 0.7 cm, 5-veined, acuminate; lateral sepals similar in size,5-veined, base slightly oblique, apex acuminate; mentum narrowlyconic, ca. 4 × 2 mm. Petals oblong, ca. 32 × 12 mm, 7-veined, margin ± undulate, apex acute; lip suborbicular, ca. 25mm, both surfaces densely pubescent, margin entire. Columnca. 4 mm; anther cap narrowly conic, densely white crystallinepapillate, front margin irregularly dentate. Capsule elongate,cylindric, ca. 6 × 1.7 cm.Epiphytic on tree trunks at forest margins or in open forests; 500–1700 m. Hainan, S Yunnan [Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].26. Dendrobium crepidatum Lindley & Paxton, Paxt. Fl.Gard. 1: 63. 1850.玫 瑰 石 斛 mei gui shi huCallista crepidata (Lindley & Paxton) Kuntze; C. lawiana(Lindley) Kuntze; Dendrobium lawianum Lindley.Stems pendulous, green, cylindric, usually 30–40 cm,stout, ca. 1 cm in diam., fleshy, base slightly contracted, unbranched,with many nodes, internodes 3–4 cm, with green andwhite-striped sheaths, purplish bronze when dry. Leaves narrowlylanceolate, 5–10 × 1–1.25 cm, subleathery, base withclasping sheath, apex acuminate; leaf sheath membranous. Inflorescencearising from old stems after leaves have fallen, veryshort, 1–4-flowered; peduncle ca. 3 mm; basal sheaths 3 or 4,scarious; floral bracts ovate, ca. 4 mm, apex acute. Pedicel andovary pale purplish red, ca. 3.5 cm. Flowers spreading, thick,sometimes cleistogamous; sepals and petals white, pale purpleabove middle, waxy when dry, lip pale purplish red above middle,golden yellow below middle, column white, front with 2purplish red stripes. Dorsal sepal subelliptic, ca. 21 × 10 mm, 5-veined, obtuse; lateral sepals ovate-oblong, nearly as large asdorsal sepal, 5-veined, midvein on abaxial surface ± keeled,base oblique, apex obtuse; mentum subglobose, small, ca.5 mm. Petals broadly obovate, ca. 21 × 12 mm, 5-veined,rounded; lip orbicular or broadly obovate, length subequal towidth, ca. 2 cm, both sides embracing column below middle,adaxially densely pubescent. Column ca. 3 mm; anther cap subconic,front margin denticulate, apex narrowed and arching forward.Epiphytic on tree trunks in open forests, lithophytic on rocks inmountain valleys; 1000–1800 m. SW Guizhou, S Yunnan [Bhutan,India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].27. Dendrobium lituiflorum Lindley, Gard. Chron. 1856: 372.1856.喇 叭 唇 石 斛 la ba chun shi huCallista lituiflora (Lindley) Kuntze; Dendrobium hanburyanumH. G. Reichenbach.Stems pendulous, cylindric, 30–40 cm or longer, 7–10 mm