ORCHIDACEAE - China

390EPIDENDROIDEAEacute; mentum conic, ca. 4 mm. Petals obovate-elliptic, ca. 8 ×3 mm, 5-veined, margin near apex sometimes laxly shortly ciliate,apex obtuse; lip obovate-triangular, ca. 9 mm, base cuneate,apex 3-lobe; lateral lobes ovate-triangular, margin with dense,matted, long white cottony hairs, apex sharply toothed; midlobeovate-triangular, margin similarly hairy, obtuse; diskdensely villous, with a broadly keeled rib extending from baseto apex, apex thickened. Column short; column teeth triangular,acute.Epiphytic on tree trunks in open and mountain forests; ca. 1800 m.S Yunnan [Bhutan, NE India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines,Thailand].8. Dendrobium sect. Calcarifera J. J. Smith, Bull. Dépt. Agric. Indes Néerl. 15: 14. 1908.长 爪 石 斛 组 chang zhao shi hu zuRoots verrucose in most species. Stems often pendulous, slender or fusiform, leafy, semideciduous, often pseudoindeterminate(growing more than 1 year). Inflorescences multiple short lateral racemes borne on penultimate and older leafless canes, usuallypendulous, in some species geotropic, flowers facing horizontally. Flowers medium-sized to rather large, opening widely, mostly purple,pink, or white. Pedicel inserted at a right angle to mentum. Mentum elongated and narrow, sometimes angled or curled, nectarcopious in most species. Lip usually entire, expanded; disk with grooves, ridges, or rarely hairs; claw usually containing a smallretrorse spur overhanging nectary. Pollinia usually light colored, shiny.About 90 species: India to the Philippines, mostly in Indonesia and the Philippines; one species in China.56. Dendrobium chameleon Ames, Orchidaceae 2: 174. 1908.长 爪 石 斛 chang zhao shi huDendrobium longicalcaratum Hayata; D. randaiense Hayata;Pedilonum longicalcaratum (Hayata) Rauschert.Stems pendulous, to 60 cm, thicker from base, multibranched,each branch ca. 15 cm, with many nodes, internodesobconic-cylindric, ca. 1 cm, ca. 5 mm in diam. Leaves lanceolateor oblong-lanceolate, 3–3.5 × 0.6–1.5(or more) cm, basecontracted and enlarged into sheaths, apex acuminate or sometimesunequally bilobed; leaf sheath tightly embracing stem.Inflorescences lateral on previous year’s leafless stems, 1–3 cm,1–4-flowered; floral bracts ovate-triangular, ca. 6 × 5 mm, 3-veined, acute. Pedicel and ovary ca. 1.5 cm. Flowers pale green,turning white, tinged with purple or with green veins. Dorsalsepal oblong, 15–18 × 7–8(or more) mm, apex subacute; lateralsepals obliquely ovate-oblong, nearly as long as dorsal sepal,base oblique and relatively wide; mentum tubular, ca. 15 mm,4–6 mm wide, obtuse. Petals obliquely oblong, 14–17 × ca. 5mm, apex obtuse; lip narrowly pandurate, spatulate, ca. 33 × 6–7(or more) mm, narrowly clawed, connate to mentum at base,with 2 fleshy papillae in front of claw. Column ca. 3 mm, footto 18 mm; anther cap subglobose.Epiphytic on tree trunks in mountain forests, lithophytic on rockycliffs in mountain valleys; 500–1200 m. Taiwan [Philippines].Pedilonum Blume, Bijdr. 320. 1825.9. Dendrobium sect. Pedilonum (Blume) Blume, Tab. Pl. Jav. Orchid. ad t. 4. 1825.距 囊 组 ju nang zuStem cylindric, stout, fleshy, semideciduous, usually pseudoindeterminate (growing more than 1 year), internodes not swollenor obconic-cylindric. Inflorescences condensed racemes, often multiple, borne on penultimate and older leads. Sepals and petalsrelatively short. Mentum parallel to ovary, allowing flowers to face in all directions, prominent, usually straight, narrowly tubular,broad, fused distally into a closed spur, with a transverse constriction or kink partially obstructing entry into large saccate nectarycontaining abundant nectar. Lip entire, unexpanded, scoop-shaped, glabrous, unadorned. Pollinia usually dark colored, dull.About 52 species: mostly in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea, extending to the Philippines and Samoa; one species in China.57. Dendrobium goldschmidtianum Kraenzlin, Repert. Spec.Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 40. 1909.红 花 石 斛 hong hua shi huDendrobium irayense Ames & Quisumbing; D. miyakeiSchlechter; D. pseudohainanense Matsumura; D. victoriareginaeLoher var. miyakei (Schlechter) T. S. Liu & H. J. Su;Pedilonum goldschmidtianum (Kraenzlin) Rauschert; P. miyakei(Schlechter) Rauschert.Stems erect or pendulous, cylindric, sometimes middlepart thickened and slightly fusiform, 40–60 cm, 5–10 mm indiam., base contracted, unbranched, with many nodes, internodesobconic-cylindric, 1–2 cm. Leaves lanceolate or ovatelanceolate,6–10 × 1.2–2 cm, leathery, apex acuminate; leafsheath green, tinged with red, tightly embracing stem. Inflorescencesmultiple, lateral on usually bare penultimate and olderleads, tufted, 5–25 mm, densely 6–10-flowered; floral bractsovate-lanceolate, ca. 3 × 2.5 mm, membranous, apex acute.Pedicel and ovary brownish green, ca. 1.3 cm. Flowers notopening widely; sepals, petals, and lip bright red, column yellow,foot yellowish green, anther cap yellow. Dorsal sepalelliptic, ca. 10 × 5 mm, 5-veined, apex obtuse; lateral sepalsobliquely ovate, ca. as large as dorsal sepal, 5-veined, baseoblique, apex acute; mentum narrowly conic, ca. 1 cm. Petalsobliquely obovate-oblong, ca. as long as dorsal sepal or slightly