ORCHIDACEAE - China

EPIDENDROIDEAE 4752. Rhynchostylis gigantea (Lindley) Ridley, J. Linn. Soc., Bot.32: 356. 1896.海 南 钻 喙 兰 hai nan zuan hui lanSaccolabium giganteum Lindley, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 221.1833; Anota densiflora (Lindley) Schlechter; A. gigantea (Lindley)Fukuyama; A. hainanensis (Rolfe) Schlechter; Gastrochilusgiganteus (Lindley) Kuntze; Vanda densiflora Lindley; V.hainanensis Rolfe.Stems erect, 4–13 cm or longer, stout, ca. 2 cm in diam.,many leaved. Leaves broadly lorate, 20–40 cm, fleshy, with amplexicaulsheaths at base, apex obtuse and unequally bilobed.Inflorescences 2–4, usually arching, 14–30 cm, densely manyflowered; rachis 10–20 cm, thick; floral bracts often reflexed,broadly ovate, ca. 5 mm. Flowers thickly textured, white spottedwith purplish red, lip deep purplish red, column purplishred, anther cap white. Sepals similar, elliptic-oblong, 12–17 ×9–10 mm, obtuse. Petals oblong, smaller than sepals, base contracted,apex obtuse; lip subobovate, ca. 17 × 12 mm, fleshy,base with a pair of ridges, margin 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect,subelliptic; mid-lobe very small, retuse; disk slightly papillate;spur narrowly conic, ca. 5 mm, inside densely white hairy. Columnca. 4 mm, thick, foot very short or indistinct; rostellumsuborbicular; stipe linear, ca. 2 mm, apex ± dilated; viscidiumlanceolate. Capsule obovoid, ca. 4 cm. Fl. Jan–Apr, fr. Feb–May. 2n = 38.Epiphytic on tree trunks in open forests; ca. 1000 m. Hainan[Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand,Vietnam].172. UNCIFERA Lindley, J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 39. 1858.叉 喙 兰 属 cha hui lan shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Jeffrey J. WoodHerbs, epiphytic, monopodial. Roots not piercing leaf sheaths. Stems usually pendulous, elongate, slender, leafy. Leaves overlapping,distichous, flat, oblong to lanceolate, slightly fleshy, base amplexicaul, sheathing, jointed, apex unequally bilobed or praemorse.Inflorescence axillary, racemose, densely few to many flowered. Flowers thickly textured. Sepals and petals similar, concave;lateral sepals slightly oblique. Petals slightly smaller than sepals; lip funnel-shaped, spurred, 3-lobed, lateral lobes suberect; mid-lobevery small, fleshy, adaxially ± concave; spur long, hooked or curved, inside unornamented. Column terete, bent down over spur entrance,footless; rostellum conspicuous, thick; anther cap conic, apex elongate and narrowed; pollinia waxy, 2, globose, deeply cleft,separated by a hyaline flange, attached by a common long, linear stipe to a large viscidium; stipe wings borne on a ridge formed bybasal part of rostellum.About six species: from tropical Himalayan regions to Indochina and Thailand; two species in China.1a. Apex of spur strongly curved forward and hooked ................................................................................................... 1. U. acuminata1b. Apex of spur curved backward toward ovary ........................................................................................................... 2. U. thailandica1. Uncifera acuminata Lindley, J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 40.1858.叉 喙 兰 cha hui lanSaccolabium acuminatum (Lindley) J. D. Hooker.Stems often arching, terete, 5–27 cm, slender, 3–4 mm indiam., many noded, internodes 1–2 cm. Leaf blade lanceolate orobliquely oblong, 4–10.5 × 0.7–1.5 cm, acute and slightly praemorse.Inflorescence arching, 7–10 cm, densely many flowered;floral bracts ovate, 3–6 mm. Flowers not opening widely, yellowishgreen, slightly fleshy; pedicel and ovary 5–7 mm. Sepalscymbiform, broadly ovate, 6–7 × ca. 5 mm, obtuse. Petalsovate, ca. 6 × 4 mm, obtuse; lip with a long spur at base, 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect, suborbicular, large, 5–6 mm wide;mid-lobe ovate-triangular, very small, fleshy, adaxially shallowlyconcave, apex obtuse; spur funnel-shaped, stronglycurved forward and hooked, ca. 15 mm. Column ca. 3 mm;rostellum large, fleshy; anther cap subconic; stipe ca. 3 mm;viscidium oblong, ca. 3 mm. Fl. Apr–Jul.Epiphytic on tree trunks in dense forests; 1300–1900 m. Guizhou,S Yunnan [Bhutan, NE India, Nepal].2. Uncifera thailandica Seidenfaden & Smitinand, OrchidsThailand 4(2): 828. 1965.中 泰 叉 喙 兰 zhong tai cha hui lanStems short, internodes ca. 10 mm. Leaf blade ligulate,10–12 × ca. 2 cm, unequally obtusely bilobed. Inflorescencegently curving; peduncle 4–6 cm; rachis 7–10 cm, many flowered.Flowers: sepals light purple edged white, petals lightgreenish with a purple central spot, lip white with a purple spotnear apex of blade; pedicel and ovary 9–10 mm. Dorsal sepalconcave, ca. 7 × 4.5 mm; lateral sepals ca. 7 × 5 mm. Petals ca.6.3 × 5 mm; lip lateral lobes insignificant, triangular with broadbase, less than 1 mm high, ca. 1.5 mm wide at base; mid-lobevery fat, with 2 small lobes turned backward; spur sigmoid, apexturned backward toward ovary. Column very short, tip of rostellumhidden in opening of sac.Epiphytic in evergreen forests; ca. 1400 m. Yunnan (Yingjiang)[Thailand].173. ROBIQUETIA Gaudichaud, Voy. Uranie, Bot. 426. 1829.寄 树 兰 属 ji shu lan shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Jeffrey J. Wood