ORCHIDACEAE - China

316EPIDENDROIDEAElong to elliptic, usually thickly textured, usually petiolate at base. Inflorescence either terminal or lateral to mature pseudobulbs andeither heteranthous, proteranthous, or synanthous with partially to entirely developed leaves, or hysteranthous with fully developedpseudobulb and leaves, inflorescence erect or pendulous, with or without distichous-equitant, persistent sheaths at base or imbricate,sterile, convolute sheathing bracts at interface between peduncle and rachis, sometimes its apex enclosed in a large bract or severalbracts, usually several flowered, rarely more than 20-flowered or reduced to a solitary flower; floral bracts caducous, often large.Flowers opening successively or simultaneously, large or medium-sized, sometimes heteranthous. Sepals similar, often concave. Petalsoften linear, much narrower than sepals; lip often concave at base, 3-lobed or rarely unlobed; lateral lobes ± erect and embracingcolumn; callus with longitudinal lamellae. Column rather long, winged on both sides and around top, without column foot; antherterminal, incumbent; pollinia 4, in 2 pairs, waxy, attached to 1 sticky substance; stigma concave; rostellum rather large. Capsulemedium-sized, often ribbed or narrowly winged.About 200 species: tropical and subtropical Asia to Oceania; 31 species (six endemic) in China.Coelogyne venusta Rolfe (Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 35: 259. 1904) was described based on cultivated material. It is excluded from the presenttreatment because the cited locality “Yunnan” is incorrect and most probably resulted from the habit of early collectors to record false information; thespecies is only known from Borneo (Sarawak, Brunei, and Sabah).1a. Inflorescence with imbricate sterile bracts.2a. Inflorescence with imbricate sterile bracts mainly at base of peduncle; lip with 3 lamellae, margin ofmid-lobe fimbriate.3a. Petals ovate-lanceolate, nearly as wide as sepals, lip not 3-lobed ................................................................ 1. C. leungiana3b. Petals filiform to linear, much narrower than sepals, lip 3-lobed.4a. Lip mid-lobe ovate, callus with 3 lamellae, median lamella indistinct, lateral lamellae terminatingnear tip of mid-lobe, undulate ........................................................................................................................ 2. C. ovalis4b. Lip mid-lobe orbicular, fimbriate, callus with 3 lamellae, median lamella virtually a brown vein,lateral lamellae terminating at tip of mid-lobe, initially diverging then converging at tip ofmid-lobe ..................................................................................................................................................... 3. C. fimbriata2b. Inflorescence with imbricate sterile bracts at junction of peduncle and rachis.5a. Rachis extending with new imbricate bracts to produce further annual sets of flowers.6a. Pseudobulbs cylindric or narrowly ovoid.7a. Lip mid-lobe oblong-obcordate, 3–4 mm, callus with 3 lamellae, median lamella short, laterallamellae parallel, extending from base of lip to 2/3 onto mid-lobe, low initially, then rising,abruptly terminating ............................................................................................................................ 4. C. raizadae7b. Lip mid-lobe broadly oblong or subelliptic, ca. 6 mm, callus with 2 narrow longitudinal lamellaeextending from base of lip to near middle of mid-lobe, prominent on mid-lobe only ....................... 5. C. longipes6b. Pseudobulbs ovoid or ellipsoid.8a. Lip with no callus; flowers red with a partly black apex to mid-lobe ......................................................... 6. C. tsii8b. Lip with a callus with 2 lamellae.9a. Lip mid-lobe nearly broadly oblong, 2 lamellae faint near base of lip, elevated andprominent on mid-lobe ................................................................................................................ 7. C. schultesii9b. Lip mid-lobe nearly elliptic, 2 lamellae terminating 2/3 onto mid-lobe ..................................... 8. C. prolifera5b. Rachis producing single set of flowers.10a. Lip with 5 lamellae.11a. Lip with prominent lamellae, outer lamellae broader .................................................................... 9. C. griffithii11b. Lip with median keel fleshy on mid-lobe .......................................................................... 10. C. zhenkangensis10b. Lip with 2 or 3 lamellae.12a. Dorsal sepal more than 1.5 cm.13a. Lip with crenulate lamellae, mid-lobe suborbicular or cordate, margin erose, 2 crenulatelamellae terminating at base of mid-lobe ............................................................................... 11. C. stricta13b. Lip with fimbriate lamellae.14a. Dorsal sepal ca. 4 cm; lip mid-lobe triangular with fimbriate margin and 3fimbriate lamellae terminating at tip of mid-lobe ...................................................... 12. C. barbata14b. Dorsal sepal nearly 3 cm; lip mid-lobe quadrangular with fimbriate margin and2 fimbriate lamellae terminating at middle of mid-lobe, lamellae becominga warty projection toward tip .................................................................................... 13. C. calcicola12b. Dorsal sepal less than 1.5 cm.15a. Pseudobulbs less than 4 cm; lip mid-lobe nearly orbicular, bilobed, with 3 simple,straight lamellae; flowers white with some yellow .......................................................... 14. C. leucantha15b. Pseudobulbs more than 5 cm.16a. Inflorescence slender and arching; lip mid-lobe suborbicular, 3 crenulate orfimbriate lamellae terminating at base of mid-lobe, median keel shorter .................... 15. C. rigida