ORCHIDACEAE - China

258EPIDENDROIDEAE12. Eulophia siamensis Rolfe ex Downie, Bull. Misc. Inform.Kew 1925: 380. 1925.线 叶 美 冠 兰 xian ye mei guan lanPlants autotrophic, 20–40 cm tall. Pseudobulb subterranean,subcylindric, ca. 4 × 1 cm, with a few fleshy roots.Leaves 3, present at anthesis, linear, 10–20 × 0.4–0.8 cm,tapering at base into a petiole-like stalk, apex acuminate; petiole-likestalk enclosed in basal sheaths and forming a pseudostemca. 5 cm. Inflorescence racemose, ca. 30 cm, slender, withseveral scattered tubular sheaths; rachis ca. 12 cm, usually laxly3-flowered; floral bracts linear-lanceolate, 8–18 × 1.5–3 mm,shorter than ovary, apex acuminate. Flowers purplish red, smallto medium-sized, 15–30 mm in diam.; pedicel and ovary 18–22mm. Sepals similar, linear, 25–30 × 3–4 mm, margin incurved,apex acute; lateral sepals usually slightly longer than dorsalsepal. Petals oblanceolate-oblong, 20–23 × ca. 7 mm, apexrounded or acute; lip obovate-oblong, 20–23 × ca. 10 mm, basecuneate, spurred, margin entire, apical margin undulate, apexslightly retuse; disk with rows of fimbriae; spur slightly arcuate,7–8 mm. Column ca. 9 mm, without a column foot. Fl. Jun.Damp forests; ca. 900 m. S Guizhou [Thailand].13. Eulophia spectabilis (Dennstedt) Suresh, Regnum Veg.119: 300. 1988.紫 花 美 冠 兰 zi hua mei guan lanWolfia spectabilis Dennstedt, Schlüssel Hortus Malab. 38.1818; Cyrtopera nuda (Lindley) H. G. Reichenbach; Cyrtopodiumbicolor Ridley; Eulophia bicolor Dalzell; E. burkeiRolfe ex Downie; E. holochila Collett & Hemsley; E. macgregoriiAmes; E. nuda Lindley; Phaius steppicola Handel-Mazzetti; Semiphajus chevalieri Gagnepain.Plants autotrophic, 30–65 cm tall. Pseudobulb subterranean,subglobose, 3–4 cm in diam., with several stout roots.Leaves 2 or 3, present at anthesis, oblong-lanceolate, 20–40 ×2.5–6 cm, contracted at base into a petiole-like stalk, apex acuminate;petiole-like stalk enclosed in several basal sheaths andforming a pseudostem 14–34 cm. Inflorescence racemose, 30–65 cm, stout, with several tubular sheaths below middle; rachis5–20 cm, laxly 5–9(–15)-flowered; floral bracts lanceolate, 15–20 mm, shorter than ovary, membranous, apex acuminate.Flowers medium-sized, 20–35 mm in diam., purplish red, liptinged yellow at center; pedicel and ovary 15–25 mm. Dorsalsepal linear or narrowly oblong, 18–25 × 3–6 cm, apex obtuseor acute; lateral sepals similar to dorsal sepal but slightly larger,to 10 mm wide, oblique, adnate at base to column foot. Petalssuboblong, 15–17 × 5–9 mm, apex obtuse; lip ovate-oblong,12–16 × 8–12 mm, spurred at base, obscurely 3-lobed or almostentire, margin ± crisped, apex subtruncate or emarginate; diskwith slightly thickened veins or somewhat raised ridges; spurpointing down between divergent halves of broad column foot,broadly conic, 6–9 mm, apex acute. Column 6–8 mm, with adistinct, curved column foot 6–10 mm. Fl. Apr–Jun. 2n = 54.Mixed forests, grassy slopes; 200–1600 m. S Jiangxi, SE and SWYunnan [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar,Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam;SW Pacific islands].The full synonymy for this widespread species can be found in S.Thomas, Lindleyana 13: 170–202. 1998.90. GEODORUM Jackson, Bot. Repos. 10: ad t. 626. 1811.地 宝 兰 属 di bao lan shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Phillip J. Cribb, Stephan W. GaleCistella Blume; Ortmannia Opiz; Otandra Salisbury.Herbs, terrestrial, medium-sized, leafy. Pseudobulbs subterranean, cormlike or tuberous, usually globose, few noded, borne on ashort rhizome and usually forming clusters, with several thick roots at nodes. Leaves arising from basal node of pseudobulb, several,uppermost largest, contracted into a long petiole-like stalk at base, plicate; petiole-like stalk usually equitant and forming a pseudostem,articulate. Inflorescence arising from basal node of pseudobulb, terminal, racemose; peduncle erect at base, curved through180° and drooping toward apex; rachis pendulous but becoming erect in fruit, short, usually densely several to many flowered andappearing capitate. Flowers medium-sized or small, not opening widely, not resupinate but, because peduncle pendulous at apex, lippositioned lowermost. Sepals and petals similar though petals usually slightly broader, free, not spreading; lip unlobed or obscurely3-lobed, base usually saccate, without a distinct spur; disk usually with a callus composed of ridges or wartlike projections. Columnshort, with a short column foot; anther terminal, 1-locular or incompletely 2-locular, with cap; pollinia 2, usually cleft, waxy, attachedto a broad stipe and a large viscidium.About ten species: from tropical Asia, as far north as S Japan (Ryukyu Islands), to Australia and the SW Pacific islands; six species (twoendemic) in China.1a. Inflorescence usually taller than leaves.2a. Flowers white ...................................................................................................................................................... 1. G. densiflorum2b. Flowers rose-colored ........................................................................................................................................ 6. G. eulophioides1b. Inflorescence much shorter than or subequal in height to leaves.3a. Flowers rose-colored; lip 3-lobed .......................................................................................................................... 5. G. esquirolei3b. Flowers white; lip unlobed.4a. Lip with a 2-lobed wartlike callus near base ................................................................................................ 4. G. attenuatum