ORCHIDACEAE - China

56ORCHIDOIDEAE8. HERPYSMA Lindley, Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 19: ad t. 1618. 1833.爬 兰 属 pa lan shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Stephan W. Gale, Phillip J. CribbHerbs, terrestrial. Rhizome elongate, creeping, cylindric, several noded; roots filiform, emerging singly from rhizome nodes.Stem erect or suberect, leafy. Leaves elliptic to ovate-lanceolate, papery; petiole-like leaf base dilating into a tubular, membranoussheath, often imbricate on stem. Inflorescence terminal, shortly racemose, with many small flowers, pubescent; floral bracts large,longer than ovary, pubescent. Flowers resupinate; ovary twisted, cylindric, pubescent. Sepals similar, abaxially hairy; dorsal sepaland petals forming a hood; lateral sepals free. Petals obliquely rhombic; lip shorter than sepals, adnate to margin of column, pandurate,recurved, long spurred at base; disk with 1 central longitudinal lamella and 2 lamellate calli (1 on either side of central lamella);spur cylindric, protruding between base of lateral sepals, nearly as long as ovary, apex slightly 2-lobed, internally with a few,irregular, small warts near apex. Column short, lacking appendages; anther 2-locular; pollinia 2, granular-farinaceous, sectile,attached to a narrow, elongate viscidium; rostellum short, erect, 2-lobed; stigma subcircular, below rostellum.One species: China, NE India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam.9. ERYTHRODES Blume, Bijdr. 410. 1825.钳 唇 兰 属 qian chun lan shu1. Herpysma longicaulis Lindley, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 506.1840.爬 兰 pa lanErythrodes bracteata (Blume) Schlechter; Herpysma bracteata(Blume) J. J. Smith; H. sumatrana Carr; Physurus bracteatusBlume.Plants 18–30 cm tall. Stem stout, 5–8 mm in diam. Leavesseveral to many, elliptic-oblong to ovate-lanceolate, 5–10 ×2.8–3.5 cm, apex acute or acuminate; petiole-like base attenuate,2–3 cm. Inflorescence 3–4 cm, many flowered; floral bractsoblong-lanceolate, 1.5–2 cm, longer than ovary, abaxially pubescent,apex acuminate. Flowers white; sepals and petalssometimes orange or pink above middle; ovary 1.2–1.5 cmincluding pedicel. Dorsal sepal ovate, cymbiform, 8–9 × 4–4.5 mm, apex acute and recurved; lateral sepals spreading, narrowlyoblong, concave, 10–11 × 2–2.5 mm, apex obtuse. Petalsnarrowly rhombic-obovate, 9–10 × 4.5–4.7 mm, thinly textured,apex obtuse; lip reflexed above middle, slightly shorter thansepals, base with 2 crenate, erect lateral lobes, apex obtuselymucronate; spur pendulous, parallel to ovary, 7–10 mm. Fl.Aug–Sep.Dense forests; ca. 1200 m. W Yunnan [Bhutan, NE India, Indonesia,Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].Chen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Stephan W. Gale, Phillip J. Cribb, Paul OrmerodPhysurus Richard ex Lindley, nom. illeg. superfl.Herbs, terrestrial or rarely epiphytic. Rhizome creeping, cylindric, fleshy, noded, with several roots at nodes. Stem erect or decumbent,terete, with several to many subrosulate leaves. Leaves green to reddish purple, ovate to elliptic, slightly fleshy, withamplexicaul petiole-like bases. Inflorescence erect, pubescent, terminating in a short, many-flowered raceme. Flowers resupinate,small; ovary pubescent. Sepals abaxially hairy; dorsal sepal and petals adnate and forming a hood; lateral sepals free, spreading. Liperect, entire or 3-lobed, adnate to column at base, spurred at base; spur tubular, protruding beyond base of lateral sepals, apex obtuse,unlobed or slightly 2-lobed, containing 2 clavate appendages or empty. Column short, apically dilated; anther erect, ovoid, 2-locular;pollinia 2, each ± longitudinally 2-parted, clavate, granular-farinaceous, sectile, attached to an ovate-lanceolate viscidium; rostellumerect, bifid; stigma lobes connate, below base of rostellum. Capsule fusiform.About 20 species: tropical Asia from India and Sri Lanka to New Guinea and the Pacific islands; two species in China.1a. Mid-lobe of lip broadly ovate to triangular-ovate; spur pendulous, apex shallowly 2-lobed .......................................... 1. E. blumei1b. Mid-lobe of lip suborbicular or transversely elliptic; spur spreading horizontally, apex distinctly 2-lobed andsometimes almost 4-lobed ................................................................................................................................................ 2. E. hirsuta1. Erythrodes blumei (Lindley) Schlechter in Schumann &Lauterbach, Nachtr. Fl. Schutzgeb. Südsee, 87. 1905.钳 唇 兰 qian chun lanPhysurus blumei Lindley, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 504. 1840;Erythrodes brevicalcar J. J. Smith; E. chinensis (Rolfe)Schlechter; E. formosana Schlechter; E. henryi Schlechter; E.triantherae C. L. Yeh & C. S. Leou; Microchilus blumei(Lindley) D. Dietrich; P. chinensis Rolfe; P. henryi (Schlechter)K. Schumann & Lauterbach.Plants 18–60 cm tall. Stem erect, green, 2.5–3.5 mm indiam., with 3–6 leaves. Leaves petiolate, abaxially pale green,adaxially dark green, ovate, elliptic, or ovate-lanceolate, sometimesslightly oblique, 4.5–10 × 2–6 cm, abaxially with 3 conspicuousveins, base broadly cuneate or obtuse, apex acute;petiole 2.4–4 cm, basally dilated into amplexicaul sheath.Peduncle 12–40 cm, pubescent, with 3–6 sterile bracts; rachis5–10 cm, pubescent, subdensely many flowered; floral bractsreddish brown, lanceolate, 10–12 × ca. 4 mm, abaxially pubescent,apex acuminate. Flowers small; sepals pubescent outside,reddish brown or brownish green outside, white with pinkish