ORCHIDACEAE - China

506EPIDENDROIDEAEfimbriate or toothed; mid-lobe large, fleshy and solid or reduced to a small fleshy lobe. Column short, slightly dorsiventrally compressed,footless; stigma very large; rostellum long, narrow, 2-lobed; pollinia waxy, 2, subglobose, entire, attached by a common longsubcuneate or spatulate stipe to a very small viscidium.About ten to 12 species: from India (Assam) through Thailand and Malaysia to Indonesia and the Philippines; one species in China.1. Pennilabium yunnanense S. C. Chen & Y. B. Luo, ActaPhytotax. Sin. 42: 457. 2004.巾 唇 兰 jin chun lanStems erect, ca. 1 cm, with 3 or 4 leaves. Leaf bladeoblong, 4–6 × 1.3–1.5 cm, base slightly twisted, apex acute andunequally bilobed. Inflorescence from base of stem, ± pendulous,ca. 4 cm, 2- or 3-flowered; rachis flattened, ca. 5 mm;floral bracts distichous, ovate-triangular, ca. 1 mm. Flowerswhite, petals with dark purplish red spots inside, especially inbasal half, thinly textured; pedicel and ovary ca. 11 mm. Dorsalsepal oblong-lanceolate, ca. 17 × 4 mm, acuminate; lateral sepalsfalcately oblong-lanceolate, ca. as large as dorsal sepal,acuminate. Petals oblong-lanceolate, ca. 16 × 3 mm, entire, acuminate;lip spurred, 3-lobed; lateral lobes subspatulate-flabellate,ca. 7 × 4 mm, apical margin shortly fimbriate; mid-lobesubligulate, ca. 4 × 2 mm, entire, acute; spur cylindric, ca. 6 ×1.5 mm, rounded-tipped. Column ca. 2 mm; stigma large,nearly covering whole front surface of column; anther capslightly narrowed into a triangular apex; stipe ca. 0.8 mm,widened at top; viscidium elliptic, ca. 0.4 mm, thick. Fl. Sep.Epiphytic on tea trees; ca. 1300 m. S Yunnan [NE India, Thailand].Chinese records of Pennilabium proboscideum A. S. Rao & J.Joseph (e.g., in FRPS 19: 435. 1999) are referable to P. yunnanense.194. MALLEOLA J. J. Smith & Schlechter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1: 979. 1913.槌 柱 兰 属 chui zhu lan shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Jeffrey J. WoodHerbs, epiphytic, small, monopodial. Stems enclosed in basal leaf sheaths, pendulous, elongate or rarely short, sometimesslightly compressed. Leaves scattered along stem, several to many, distichous, often flushed with purple-red, oblique, usually narrowlyelliptic to oblong, jointed and sheathing at base, apex unequally bilobed. Inflorescences 1–3, lateral, ascending or pendulous,mostly shorter than leaves, many flowered. Flowers facing in all directions, small, thinly textured. Sepals and petals free, spreading;dorsal sepal often cymbiform; lateral sepals and petals flatter. Lip firmly attached to column, immovable, with a variably shapedcylindric spur usually with interior ornaments; lateral lobes erect, broadly triangular, short; mid-lobe upcurved or downcurved,usually linear-lanceolate, sometimes conic, very small, usually with a ridge or thickening at base. Column hammer-shaped, short,stout, foot absent, often bent backward at apex; anther cap ± dorsal, large, apex narrowed and beaked; pollinia waxy, 2, globose,entire or rarely porate, attached by a common long spatulate stipe that is very broad below pollinia; viscidium very small.About 30 species: from Thailand and Vietnam to Malaysia and Indonesia, to the Philippines, New Guinea, and the Pacific islands, with thecenter of distribution in the Malay Archipelago; one species in China.Malleola insectifera (J. J. Smith) J. J. Smith & Schlechter (Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1: 981. 1913; Saccolabium insectiferum J. J.Smith, Orch. Java, 641. 1905) was recorded from Hainan (Jianfeng Ling, 500–600 m) by X. Q. Song, Q. W. Meng and Y. B. Luo (Acta Bot. Yunnan.31: 32. 2009). The present authors could not confirm this because they have not seen the specimen (X. Q. Song 061219, PE).1. Malleola dentifera J. J. Smith, Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg,sér. 3, 9: 191. 1927.槌 柱 兰 chui zhu lanStems pendulous, slightly flattened terete, 3–10 cm, 3–4mm in diam., unbranched, internodes 5–10 mm. Leaves many;leaf blade narrowly oblong, 4–7.5 × 0.5–1 cm, leathery, unequallybilobed or somewhat praemorse. Inflorescences borneopposite leaves, shorter than leaves, many flowered; floral bractsnarrowly lanceolate, 1–2 mm. Flowers ca. 8 mm in diam., sepalsand petals pale brownish yellow with 2 crimson stripes, lippurple and white, anther cap purple; pedicel and ovary ca. 8mm. Dorsal sepal cymbiform, ovate, ca. 3 × 2 mm, acute; lateralsepals obliquely ovate, ca. 3 × 2 mm, ± concave. Petalsoblong, ca. 3 × 1.5 mm, acute; lip spurred, 3-lobed; lateral lobeserect, broadly ovate-triangular, ca. 1 × 1 mm, with 3 triangularlobules at apex; distal lobule smaller, with thickened and incurvedapical margin; mid-lobe recurved, narrowly lanceolate,fleshy thickened in basal half, narrowed toward apex, with alongitudinal groove from base to middle; spur subconic-oblong,ca. 5 × 2–3 mm, narrowed near tip. Capsule narrowly ovoid, 1–1.5 cm × 4–5 mm. Fl. Jul, fr. Aug–Sep.Epiphytic on tree trunks in forests; 600–700 m. S Hainan, SYunnan [Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam].