ORCHIDACEAE - China

ORCHIDOIDEAE 55of sepals pubescent; lateral sepals free, oblique, embracing base and sides of lip. Petals connivent with dorsal sepal and forming ahood, glabrous; lip 2-partite; hypochile a dilated, globose sac, sometimes containing 2 erect, digitate calli on each side; epichile narrowlylinear to ovate, sulcate to canaliculate. Column stout, sometimes with a short V-shaped appendage below stigma; anther lanceolate,2-locular; pollinia 2, granular-farinaceous, sectile, with a long caudicle attached to a solitary, elongate viscidium; rostellumerect, remnant deeply bifid; stigma lobes confluent, slightly raised.About ten species: SE Asia to New Guinea and the Solomon Islands; one species (endemic) in China.1. Hylophila nipponica (Fukuyama) S. S. Ying, Coloured Ill.Indig. Orchids Taiwan 1: 469. 1977.袋 唇 兰 dai chun lanDicerostylis nipponica Fukuyama, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 50:19. 1936.Plants 20–60 cm tall. Stem ascending, 3–6-leaved, black todark purplish brown. Leaves abaxially pale green, adaxiallydark green and glossy, obovate to elliptic, 5–15 × 3–5 cm, baseobtuse, apex acuminate or acute; petiole-like base ca. 4 cm. Inflorescencereddish brown, 5–10 cm; floral bracts reddishbrown, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, ca. 18 × 7.5 mm, slightlylonger than pedicel and ovary, abaxially pubescent, apex acuminate.Flowers green, tinged with reddish brown; ovary 10–11mm including pedicel. Dorsal sepal green, apex tinged withreddish brown, recurved, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, concave,7–9 × 3.5–4 mm, thickly textured, 3-veined; lateral sepalsbrownish green, tinged with white at apex, suborbicular-ovate,oblique, 7–9 × 6–9 mm, 4-veined, apex acuminate. Petals pink,tinged with white at apex, narrowly rhombic, oblique, 7–8 ×2.8–3 mm, 1-veined, apex acuminate; lip yellow; hypochile aventricose-globose sac, 5–6.5 × ca. 4.5 mm, shallowly 2-lobed,with a triangular opening below column; epichile pendulous,pale reddish brown, linear. Column ca. 3 mm, ventrally with aV-shaped appendage; anther reddish yellow, oblong-lanceolate,ca. 5 mm; pollinia joined at tapering ends to a solitary viscidium.Fl. Jul.● Damp places in rain forests; 100–400 m. S Taiwan.7. LUDISIA A. Richard in Bory, Dict. Class. Hist. Nat. 7: 437. 1825.Dicrophyla Rafinesque; Myoda Lindley.血 叶 兰 属 xue ye lan shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Stephan W. Gale, Phillip J. CribbHerbs, terrestrial or occasionally lithophytic. Rhizome elongate, creeping, several noded, fleshy; roots borne at rhizome nodes,stout. Stem erect, leafy. Leaves alternate, adaxially usually with silvery or pinkish veins and reticulation, oblong-lanceolate to elliptic;petiole-like base dilating into amplexicaul sheath. Inflorescence pubescent; peduncle with scattered sterile sheathing bracts; terminalraceme few to many flowered; floral bracts ca. as long as ovary, membranous. Flowers widely spreading, resupinate, relativelysmall; ovary twisted, terete, pubescent. Sepals free, ± similar; dorsal sepal concave, connivent with petals and forming a hood. Petalsnarrower than sepals; lip obliquely twisted, 3-partite, base connate with column margin; hypochile saccate, shallowly 2-lobed,containing 2 large fleshy calli; mesochile with erect margin, forming a subtubular passage; epichile enlarged into a transverselyoblong limb. Column obliquely twisted in opposite direction to lip, apex dilated, abruptly contracted below anther; anther ovoid,large, 2-locular; pollinia 4, granular-farinaceous, sectile, narrowly obovoid, attenuating into slender caudicles that merge andterminate in a small, sticky, oblong viscidium; rostellum triangular, remnant bifid; stigma lobes confluent.One species: Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam.1. Ludisia discolor (Ker Gawler) Blume, Coll. Orchid. 113.1859.血 叶 兰 xue ye lanGoodyera discolor Ker Gawler, Bot. Reg. 4: ad t. 271.1818; Anoectochilus dawsonianus H. Low ex H. G. Reichenbach;Gonogona discolor (Ker Gawler) Link; Haemaria dawsoniana(H. Low ex H. G. Reichenbach) J. D. Hooker; H. discolor(Ker Gawler) Lindley; H. discolor var. dawsoniana (H.Low ex H. G. Reichenbach) B. S. Williams; H. otletae Rolfe;Ludisia dawsoniana (H. Low ex H. G. Reichenbach) Averyanov;L. furetii Blume; L. odorata Blume; L. otletae (Rolfe)Averyanov; Neottia discolor (Ker Gawler) Steudel; Orchiodesdiscolor (Ker Gawler) Kuntze.Plants 10–25 cm tall. Stem erect, with (2 or)3–5 leavesnear base. Leaves abaxially pale red, adaxially blackish greenwith 5 silvery-red veins, oblong-lanceolate to elliptic, 3–7 ×1.7–3 cm, fleshy, apex acute or mucronate; petiole-like base1.5–2.2 cm. Inflorescence pubescent, with 2 or 3 sterile bracts;rachis 3–8 cm, laxly few to more than 10-flowered; floral bractsreddish, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, ca. 1.5 cm, membranous,margin minutely ciliate, apex acuminate. Flowers white tingedwith red, ca. 7 mm in diam.; ovary 1.5–2 cm including pedicel,pubescent. Dorsal sepal ovate-elliptic, cymbiform, 8–9 × 4.5–5mm; lateral sepals obliquely ovate to subelliptic, 9–10 × 4.5–5mm, abaxially with a very short keel toward apex. Petalsobliquely ovate, 8–9 × 2–2.2 mm, apex obtuse; lip 9–10 mm;hypochile containing 2 large fleshy calli; mesochile ca. 2 mm;epichile 5–6 mm wide. Column ca. 5 mm. Fl. Feb–Apr.Damp areas along valleys in evergreen broad-leaved forests; 900–1300 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, S and SE Yunnan [Cambodia,Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam].Though the combination Ludisia discolor is frequently attributedto Richard (Dict. Class. Hist. Nat. 7: 437. 1825) in the literature, Blumeappears to be the first to have transferred the epithet validly.